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考點(diǎn)跟蹤突破37　語法填空 閱讀下面的短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞的正確形式填空。 A We usually had some strange and funny ideas when we were 1.children (child)． When I was a little girl, I 2.lived (live) in a very big neighborhood and we shared a garden and 3.a pool between fortyeight houses. There were a lot of kids around my age and we all used 4.to_play (play) together, and wed often swim 5.in the pool. But there was one boy who was about five years 6.older (old) than us. One day, when I was swimming, 7.older told me, “ I hope you know there is a shark in the light. And it 8.will/may_come_out (come out) to get you if you swim alone.”I was very afraid, and up until today— I am twentyfive years old now—I still get nervous when I swim alone 9.and/so I always check the light to make sure theres no shark. What 10.do you think of this kind of ideas? Write your stories and share with us. B Peng Jiangya, a 24yearold girl, was born in Guizhou. She grew up in a small village. Peng didnt have the easiest childhood, 1.and things got even worse. One day she fell into a fire stove (火爐)，and the fire burned her fingers 2.badly(bad). The family was too poor 3.to_afford(afford) the expensive medical treatment, at last she lost all her fingers. The young girl had to learn to do 4.things/everythingwithout fingers. At first she wasnt able to use chopsticks, and her parents had to teach her 5.for a long time. Thanks to her strong mind to do everything on her own, she overcame (克服) those difficult 6.times(time). And now she can look after her own family. As a child, Jiangya often 7.saw(see) others make crossstitch (十字繡) and then she decided to learn to make it 8.herself(her). As you can imagine, holding a needle(針) without fingers is very difficult, and Jiangya failed so many times. However, she 9.never gave up. Through many hours of practice, now she can use her arms to make good crossstitch works and she is 10.faster(fast) than other people.“One had to put great efforts (努力) into what she was doing，”Jiangya said. C In order to manage daily cost, Liu Ting has a parttime job in the schools canteen (食堂). Thanks to this job, he can have free dinners and get 50 yuan a month. Besides, he is allowed to bring meals to his mother 1.from the canteen every day. Liu Ting doesnt have time to do his homework 2.and his mother gets to sleep late at night. The 19yearold boy sleeps only six 3.hours (hour) every day. It is no surprise that he got ill. “He was absent that day. We went to his house 4.to_see (see) what had happened. When we arrived, we saw that both he and his mother 5.lay (lie) in bed because of illness，”said his classmates. From then on, Liu Tings story is 6.known (know) by his classmates and teachers. Even more people knew his story after it was reported on TV. People donated over 200，000 yuan in order to treat his 7.mothers (mother) illness. In late 2005, a hospital in Shanghai agreed to operate (做手術(shù)) on his mother. Now his mother 8.is_getting (get) better and better. Liu donated the rest 40，000 yuan to set up a fund (基金) to support other poor college students. Liu Ting said，“I know that there 9.are (be) people who have a better life. I just try my best to control my life and make it 10.better (good). Ill take part in more charity activities to express my thanks to society. I am very happy when helping others.” D A teacher has a great 1.influence on students. A good teacher can help students achieve success. But do you know how to be a 2.helpful (help) teacher? Here are some tips： Help develop students interests. First, make the lessons interesting so that they are not 3.easily (easy) forgotten. Second, offer students lots of chance 4.to_practice (practice) what they learn. Third, try to be kind and patient with students. Criticize (批評) less. Some teachers criticize students for making 5.mistakes(mistake). When students give wrong answers to your questions, dont criticize them. Sometimes, a little praise is more useful. Encourage more. It 6.seems (seem) that some students just cant learn a certain subject well. After a few 7.tries (try), they want to give up the subject. When teachers notice that, they should look for all useful ways of 8.encouraging (encourage) students. No matter what you do, always remember to cheer them up when they are in difficulties. If you put your heart into your teaching, you will be a successful teacher. E All of us want to be healthy, but many people have trouble 1.keeping (keep) fit these days. Some people dont have a healthy diet. They eat much more meat 2.than fruits and vegetables. Some are always busy working, 3.and they almost have no time 4.to_do (do) sports. Some dont have plenty 5.of sleep and they often feel tired all day. What should 6.be_done (do) to keep healthy? First of all, we need to eat more vegetables and 7.less (little) meat. Try to have a regular breakfast, because a good breakfast can make us full of energy. Second, doing sports is very important for 8.our health, so we must do some exercise. Besides, dont sleep too late 9.in the night. We need to have eight 10.hours (hour) sleep every day. Finally, we must realize the importance of health and try to do something helpful to keep healthy. F One day, I took my daughter to the park. As soon as we got there, my daughter 1.ran (run) to the swing (秋千) and asked for a push. When I was helping my daughter, I noticed another girl trying to make her own swing 2.go (go) high by herself. Her old grandmother was sitting on the chair nearby and smiling at us. Gradually, my daughter 3.was_pushed (push) higher and higher by me. Then I walked towards the little girl. I asked if I could 4.give (give) a big push to her. She smiled and said “Yes”．For the next hour, I pushed the swings, and played with my daughter and the little girl. When we went home, I 5.was (be) tired but very happy. One day two years later, after a 6.days (day) work，I went to pick up my daughter before going home. While I 7.was_waiting (wait) outside the school gate, a little girl smiled sweetly at me and gave me a big hug. As I watched her 8.running (run) away, I realized that she was the girl whom I gave a big push in the park. So far, I 9.havent_forgotten (not forget) her sweet smile and the warm hug that she gave me. In fact, if we give love to others, love 10.will_find (find) its way back to us. It may travel from heart to heart or it may blossom (開花) in the heart. The love we share, the kindness we give, and the happiness we create will come back to us with a pleasant surprise. G In the year of 2016 there was a new way 1.to_get (get) the red envelope. We call it “grabbing the red envelope”． In China during the Spring Festival, there is a traditional activity giving the red envelope.People often put the money in the red envelope. The red envelope means luck and 2.wealth (wealthy). Children often get it 3.from the elder. But now，people can get the red envelope by Wechat, Microblog, QQ Alipay and so on. When people were watching the 2016 Spring Festival Evening on TV, we could grab the red envelope by “Shaking it off” on Wechat. Because it swept across China 4.quickly (quick) and soon became the hottest topic. It spread pleasure and 5.happiness (happy)． This Spring Festival，I also 6.knocked (knock) into grabbing the red envelope. Some friends gave the red envelope in the Wechat group. They often put from ￥20 7.to ￥200 in the red envelope. Then we grabbed.Maybe I grabbed only ￥0.5. But I was still 8.proud (pride), because it meant I was 9.a lucky dog. As you can see, people 10.have_created (create) a new way to send the blessing since then on.In this way, we can build up a good relationship with each other. I love grabbing the red envelope. What about you?  拓展訓(xùn)練一 完形填空＋閱讀理解＋詞匯運(yùn)用 一、完形填空。 It is reported that Xiamen University is __1__ a new class this term: TreeClimbing. When __2__ a course is heard for the first time, it appears to be just a subject to allow __3__ students to get grades easily. But if you __4__ the “treeclimbing”page on the Xiamen University website, more information will be found. The teachers __5__ teach the subject actually come from many serious fields: forest management, environmental protection, __6__ engineering! These professors do not just let the students climb only __7__ their hands. They teach the proper safety skills like __8__ used in rockclimbing: wearing helmets (頭盔) and other protective clothing, and using ropes to prevent falls. This course can be a(n) __9__ life skill. __10__ something terrible happens such as floods, earthquakes, plane crashes, etc., such knowledge may make a __11__ between life and death. It is also a challenging class in which students master skills, physical strength (力量) and a sense of confidence that __12__ classroom subject could ever give them. Nowadays, the child shouldnt be seen as an empty cup, which knowledge must be __13__ by an allknowing teacher, but should be known as a mine (寶藏)with lots of treasure to be __14__ and polished. I hope climbing trees will __15__ the inner abilities in many students! ( C )1.A.attending 　　　　　B．entering C．offering D．serving ( B )2.A.rather　　 B．such　　 C．quite　　 D．just ( B )3.A.hardworking B．lazy C．busy D．shy ( C )4.A.take part in B．get ready for C．have a look at D．come up with ( A )5.A.who B．whose C．which D．what ( A )6.A.even B．only C．a(chǎn)lso D．still ( D )7.A.by B．under C．of D．with ( A )8.A.those B．that C．this D．a(chǎn)ll ( A )9.A.valuable B．interesting C．difficult D．dangerous ( C )10.A.While B．Before C．When D．After ( A )11.A.difference B．decision C．choice D．living ( D )12.A.any B．a(chǎn)nother C．each D．no ( B )13.A.put into B．poured into C．come out D．worked out ( B )14.A.separated B．discovered C．produced D．owned ( A )15.A.awake B．a(chǎn)chieve C．a(chǎn)void D．a(chǎn)ccept 二、閱讀理解。 A(2016，連云港) Time zone： Eastern Standard Time(EST) GMT＋10 hours. There is no daylight saving time in Queensland. Legal drinking age： 18 years and older. Always keep your ID with you to prove your age. Alcohol (酒) shops & hotels are the only places where alcohol can be bought. Dangers： Dial 000 from a fixed line or 112 from a mobile phone. Police, ambulance, fire. Electricity： 240/250 volts AC 50 Hz Universal outlets for 110 volts (shavers only) standard in hotels, apartments, motels. Telephones： Australian international code is 61. Road rules： Left hand side driving. There is a 50 kmh speed limit in most living areas and on open highways 100110 kmh. Seat belts must be worn all the time. If you want to hire a car, take along your drivers license. No smoking： Indoors: Indoor areas are no smoking. Poker Machines: Poker machine areas are no smoking. Outdoors: Nonenclosed eating and drinking areas are no smoking. Swimming Safety： ALWAYS SWIM BETWEEN THE RED AND YELLOW FLAGS and pay attention to the life guards advice. Gold Coast beaches are guarded by skilled life guards and volunteers at weekends. 1．The above information is most probably taken from a(n) __C__ . A．science magazine　　　B．education newspaper C．travel guidebook D．horror novel 2．We can learn from the above information that in Queensland __A__ . A．smoking is not allowed in lots of places B．people can buy alcohol anywhere with ID C．people can swim beyond the red and yellow flags D．when a building is on fire, dial 112 from a fixed line 3．If Mr. Black is having a holiday in Queensland, he can __B__ . A．drive on the right hand side B．hire a car with his drivers license C．drive at the speed of 120 kmh on highways D．drive his car without wearing the seat belt B(2016，溫州模擬) Love it or hate it, there is no escape from Internet slang (潮語)． This is especially true among young people in some Englishspeaking countries such as Australia, the UK and the US. These days, if they havent caught up with the latest popular Internet slang, chances are that they often feel out of date. Take these posts by Washington Post for example：“David Bowie dying is toes tradge” and “When Cookie hugged Jamal it made me totes emosh.” What do these really mean? Well, “totes” is a short form of the word “totally”. At the same time, “tradge” means “tragic (悲痛的)” and “emosh” means “emotional (情緒)”． It seems that, for millennials (those born between the early 1980s and late 1990s), typing in this short form is not only timesaving，but also popular. Some people think that millennial slang affects the English language negatively. However, Melbourne University linguist (語言學(xué)家) Rosey Billington doesnt agree. “When you are able to use language in a creative way, you show you are linguistically knowledgeable because you know the language rules well enough to use words in a different way，”Billington said. Her view is backed_up by two linguists, Lauren Spradium and Taylor Jones, from the City University of New York and the University of Pennsylvania. The two believe that slang is a highly organized system that can only be used by speakers who have known English pronunciation well. It will surely help improve the language system of English. The ability to divide syllables (音節(jié)) and mix different sounds together is important. “Slang is about sounds，and it follows the sometimescomplicated (復(fù)雜的) sound system of English, ”Jones told The Washington Post in an interview. “Slang is not by accident. In fact, it has strict rules to follow. You need to be very familiar with the English language to be able to understand Internet slang.” 1．Why is Internet slang so popular among young people？__D__ A．Because it is very easy to learn and use. B．Because it is used on the Internet. C．Because it is supported by a famous linguist. D．Because it is easy to type the short forms. 2．What does “backed up” mean in the passage？__A__ A．Supported. 　　　　B．Discussed. C．Disagreed. D．Guessed. 3．What kind of speakers can use slang well according to the passage？__B__ A．Speakers who begin to learn English as a second language. B．Speakers who study English language rules and pronunciation. C．Speakers who prefer traditional English language. D．Speakers who cant pronounce English words correctly. 4．Which of the following might the writer agree to ？__D__ A．Internet slang is mostly created by professional linguists. B．Everyone in Englishspeaking countries can use slang very well. C．Slang has had a bad influence on the English language. D．People can benefit from slang since it is cool，creative and timesaving. 三、詞匯運(yùn)用。(原創(chuàng)) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，寫出空白處各單詞的正確形式(每空一詞)。 Cellphones help us easily find people 1.anywhere (任何地方) at any time. However, using cellphones too often may cause cancer. Its 2.reported (報(bào)道) that people who used a cellphone for 10 years or more were more likely to get brain cancer. The 3.suggestions (建議) below may help you reduce the risk of cancer： ◆When using your cellphone, try to keep it away from your body as much as possible. Dont put it under your pillow or on a bedside table when you sleep. ◆When youre on the cellphone, use the speaker. In this way, you have just 1% of the contact with radiation you have when you 4.hold (握著) it to your ear. An earphone is also a good idea. ◆Try to keep your 5.conversation (對話) short. If you need to talk longer, use an ordinary phone instead. ◆Change ears when youre using your cellphone. Before putting it to your ear, wait until the person you are calling 6.picks (拿起) up the phone. ◆Your phone gives out radiation when you talk or text, but not when youre listening or getting 7.messages (信息). Listening more and talking 8.less (少) can lower the risk of cancer. ◆Do not use your cellphone when the signal is 9.weak (微弱) or when moving at a high speed, for example in a car or train. At high speeds your phone is trying to get signals, and this 10.increases (增加) the radiation it gives out.  拓展訓(xùn)練二 閱讀理解＋任務(wù)型閱讀＋詞匯運(yùn)用＋語法填空 一、閱讀理解。 A(2016，嘉興模擬) Survival training course—Day 1 Our first day was not easy—there was so much to do！Arriving on the island, the instructor, Mr. Wang, gave us a tent, some food, a map，etc. and asked us to take them all to the top of a hill on mountain bikes. It was quite hard，but we all managed to get there before lunch.After a short rest and a quick sandwich, we tried to find a good place to put up the tent. Standing at the top of the cliff (懸崖)，Jenny suggested camping there. However, Mr. Wang pointed out that the strong wind might blow the tent away. In the end, we found a nice place that protected ourselves from the wind. Putting up the tent was very hard. It was only after two hours that it was finally done.By that time, we were all hungry. So we had to make a fire to cook our food. After dinner, we were all full and happy. Survival training course—Day 2 We woke up early today and made breakfast quickly as we had to get on well with the next part of our training.Todays task was to work out how to get to a secret place using a map and a compass． Following the instructions Mr. Wang had given us, we made our way across the island, mountain biking and even boating to the last checkpoint.It was such an exciting trip—We needed to go caving (洞穴) and rock climbing at different signposts which showed us directions and distances. When we finally reached the place, we were tired. Expected to be the last ones there, we were proud when Mr. Wang said we were the only ones to make it to the right place. The twoday survival training course was a great experience. I feel like I could survive anywhere. 1．“A survival training course” is most probably a course which __C__ . A．wants people to enjoy the beauty of nature B．trains people to be active in nature C．improves peoples abilities to live in the wild D．shows peoples interest in the wild 2．Which fact supports the idea “Our first day was not easy”？ __A__ A．We put up the tent on the top of the hill. B．Mr. Wang offered something important. C．Jenny suggested camping near the cliff. D．We had a quick breakfast before start. 3．Which picture matches the underlined word “compass”？__B__ 4．Which of the following words best describe the writers feeling about the training course？__B__ A．Bored and hard.　　　B．Tired but excited. C．Happy but unlucky. D．Long and dangerous. B Allen Iverson, the 31yearold man, has become the most exciting player in the NBA. At 1.83 meters tall, he is as fast as lightning and no one can stop him. However, Allen used to be the trouble maker that the NBA did not want. Born to a single mother, Allen had a very hard childhood. He grew up on dangerous blocks in the US. Sometimes his house had no electricity, hot water or lights. He sometimes stayed with his friends in his teenage life and a couple of times he even stayed in a shelter (避難所). Because of his terrible childhood, Iverson became as tough (粗暴的) as his friends. Allen was always a trouble maker. When he was in high school, he was once put in jail (監(jiān)獄) for throwing a chair to a white girl. Later on, he was put in jail a second time because of fast driving. When he was on the school basketball team, he didnt like practicing and even laughed at his coach. Because of the troubles he had made, the NBA at first didnt want him. He was a talented basketball player but with bad behavior. Allen realized that he wouldnt win any championship or be the top if he didnt change himself. He looked at himself in the mirror and asked，“Who is Allen Iverson？”In this way he changed himself. Over the years, he has changed and become a leader.“If youre getting older and not getting smarter, something is wrong，”said Iverson. On November 6, he was named the Eastern Conference Players of the Week (本周東部最佳球員). Now he has become many peoples idol (偶像). “Ive become matured (成熟)，”he said. “Im trying to be a better person first, and then a better player.” 1．According to the passage, why did Allen become a tough bo