大粒種子精播機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)【玉米、大豆快速精密雙行播種機(jī)優(yōu)秀課程畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)含9張CAD圖紙帶開(kāi)題報(bào)告+外文翻譯】-jxsj86

大粒種子精播機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)【玉米、大豆快速精密雙行播種機(jī)】

摘    要

本課題針對(duì)北方一年一熟旱作農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)缺乏配套播種機(jī)具的問(wèn)題，在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，從原理與結(jié)構(gòu)上開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)一種快速精密播種機(jī),考慮實(shí)際生產(chǎn)作業(yè)需要,在滿(mǎn)足精密播種要求的前提下降低成本，提高精密播種機(jī)作業(yè)速度。精密播種是將精確數(shù)量的合格種子播種到符合生長(zhǎng)要求的土壤中預(yù)定部位，包括精密的株距、播深和行距組成的三維空間坐標(biāo)。本播種機(jī)主要采用型孔式的排種器，配合輸肥管、導(dǎo)種管、開(kāi)溝器、覆土器和鎮(zhèn)壓器等組成，一次完成開(kāi)溝、側(cè)深施肥、精密播種、覆土鎮(zhèn)壓等項(xiàng)作業(yè)。本文將播種機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)成2行播種作業(yè)以實(shí)現(xiàn)快速播種要求，采用雙圓盤(pán)開(kāi)溝器，其開(kāi)溝整齊,工作穩(wěn)定，能適應(yīng)較高的作業(yè)速度。本快速精密播種機(jī)具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、傳動(dòng)方式簡(jiǎn)單和工作性能可靠等特點(diǎn)，它可以播種不同類(lèi)型的的種子（如玉米、大豆），并可與施肥裝置組合設(shè)計(jì)成播種施肥機(jī)組，具有廣泛應(yīng)用前景。

本文介紹的快速精密播種機(jī)工作原理如下：機(jī)器前進(jìn)的同時(shí)，施肥圓盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)開(kāi)溝，地輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)并通過(guò)鏈輪、鏈條驅(qū)動(dòng)排肥軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，排肥盒排下的肥料通過(guò)排肥管施到土壤中，雙圓盤(pán)開(kāi)溝器轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)并通過(guò)兩側(cè)限深輪仿行限深開(kāi)溝，壓溝刀擴(kuò)溝，同時(shí)由排種器排出的種子從導(dǎo)種管進(jìn)入種溝內(nèi)，后面的V形鎮(zhèn)壓輪將溝側(cè)土壤壓入種溝，鎮(zhèn)壓同時(shí)并覆土，從而完成精密播種要求。

關(guān)鍵詞：播種機(jī)；排種器；開(kāi)溝器；鎮(zhèn)壓輪；限深輪

ABSTRACT

According to the problem of lacking suitable planter in one crop a year arid agriculture region of North China, upon the basis of predecessors’ research, this paper designed a kind of fast and precise seed sowing machine from the structure and principles. According to the needs of the actual production, on the premise of meeting the reqirement of precise seed sowing, the cost should be cut down and the speed increased. The precision planting provides accurate amount of seeds to soil at equal interval within rows and seeding depth. This planter is mainly comprised of the aperture-mould metering-device, fertilizer-carried pipe, seeds-carried pipe, double disics opener, covering and suppressing device; it is a complicated process comprising of ditching, fertilizing, planting, covering and suppressing; the requirements of its field performance are quite strict; it is designed to be 2 rows planter to improve its work speed and double discs opener is adopted, which ditches oderly, runs stably, and can be suitable for high speed. It has the characreristics of compact structure, simple transmission and riable performance, can sow different kind of seeds, such as maize, soybeans. Combined with fertilizing device, the planter can be designed to sow seeds and fertilizer at the same time. The planter has a widespread prospect of application. 

This article introduced the system of the fast and precise seed sowing machine. Its principle is the following: as the plater runs, the fertilizing disc turns to ditch, and the soil-wheel runs and drives fertilizer-drain shaft rotates via chains transmission; the fertilizer discharged by the box is fertilized into the soil; double disics opener turns and ditches with certain depth through depth-limited wheel; ditches-pressing blades enlarge the ditches; the seeds discharged by metering-device arrive at the ditches through seeds-carried pipe; and the suppressing V-wheel behind suppress the soil into the ditches with seeds and cover it with the soil at the same time. Thus, the requirement of precision planting has been completed.

Key words：Seed; Aperture-mould Metering-device; Double Disics Opener; Suppressing V-wheel; Depth-limited Wheel

目錄

摘    要 1

ABSTRACT 2

第1章 第1章 緒  論 5

1.1概述 5

1.1.1 國(guó)內(nèi)播種機(jī)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 5

1.1.2國(guó)外播種機(jī)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 7

1.1.3種作業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 8

1.2播種方法 9

1.3快速精密播種機(jī)的研究意義 10

第2章 播種機(jī)總體方案確定 11

2.1 播種機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)與技術(shù)分析 11

2.1.1 可行性分析 11

2.1.2 農(nóng)藝技術(shù)指標(biāo) 12

2.1.3 配套技術(shù)指標(biāo) 12

2.1.4 技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo) 12

2.2 總體設(shè)計(jì) 13

2.2.1 工作原理及結(jié)構(gòu)形式 13

2.2.2 總體參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) 13

2.2.3 播種機(jī)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 14

2.3 本章小結(jié) 15

第3章 零部件設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算及安裝 15

3.1傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 15

3.2種肥箱設(shè)計(jì) 20

3.3排肥器設(shè)計(jì) 21

3.4排種器設(shè)計(jì) 22

3.5排種軸設(shè)計(jì) 25

3.6塔輪鏈傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì) 29

3.7其他工作部件的確定 31

3.7.1施肥圓盤(pán)裝配 31

3.7.2開(kāi)溝部件 31

3.7.3仿形機(jī)構(gòu) 33

3.7.4鎮(zhèn)壓裝置 34

3.7.5支承輪裝配 34

3.7.6機(jī)架總成 35

3.7.7播種單體裝配 35

3.8部件的安裝 36

3.9播種前的準(zhǔn)備 37

3.10本章小結(jié) 40

第4章 播種機(jī)的使用維護(hù)和保養(yǎng) 41

4.1播種機(jī)的使用 41

4.1.1農(nóng)藝技術(shù)要求 41

4.1.2播種的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)要求 41

4.2播種機(jī)的維護(hù)和保養(yǎng) 42

4.2.1注意事項(xiàng) 42

4.2.2維護(hù)和保養(yǎng) 43

4.3本章小結(jié) 44

結(jié)  論 45

參考文獻(xiàn) 46

致  謝 47

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型孔式排種器A2.dwg

大粒種子精播機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì).doc

大粒種子精播機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū).doc

大粒種子精播機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)題報(bào)告.doc

大粒種子精播機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)題目審定表.doc

導(dǎo)種輪A3.dwg

開(kāi)溝器A2.dwg

快速精密播種機(jī)裝配圖A0.dwg

排種軸A3.dwg

摘要.doc

播種單體機(jī)架焊合A1.dwg

文件清單.txt