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車運(yùn)原煤自動(dòng)采樣系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) （控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)） 摘要 論文闡述了可編程控制器PLC在車運(yùn)原煤自動(dòng)采樣系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用。主要介紹了車運(yùn)原煤自動(dòng)采樣的PLC控制系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)，設(shè)計(jì)出了硬件控制電路、軟件程序梯形圖 及指令表，并給出了系統(tǒng)組成框圖和程序流程圖。 我設(shè)計(jì)的是對汽車所運(yùn)原煤進(jìn)行采樣的自動(dòng)小車控制系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)小車的橫向、大車的縱向移動(dòng)以及采樣螺旋探頭的上升、下降過程。系統(tǒng)采用可編程控制器控制。 采樣工作過程如下： 當(dāng)載運(yùn)車輛到達(dá)采樣點(diǎn)時(shí)，人工啟動(dòng)采樣系統(tǒng)，采樣小車先橫向運(yùn)行指定時(shí)間后停止，然后大車進(jìn)行縱向運(yùn)行，到指定位置時(shí)停止，螺旋采樣筒旋轉(zhuǎn)，采樣頭下降并旋轉(zhuǎn)進(jìn)入汽車煤層，到達(dá)一定深度后稍做停留，將車載原煤載入采樣筒上方的采樣斗中；然后采樣頭上升，大車小車后退回原位，采樣頭料門打開，煤樣流入料斗，取樣完成。 入廠原煤采制樣裝置是洗煤廠入廠原煤質(zhì)量分析中的重要設(shè)備。利用可編程序控制器，實(shí)現(xiàn)對入廠原煤采制樣裝置的自動(dòng)控制，不僅簡化了操作，而且提高了系統(tǒng)的可靠性。 關(guān)鍵詞∶ 可編程控制器；采樣系統(tǒng)；自動(dòng)控制 Abstract The thesis elaborated the programmable controller PLC in car carry automatic sampling system of raw coal of application. The thesis mainly introduced the total project design of PLC control system that the car luck raw coal automatically sample, design the hardware control electric circuit, software procedure trapezoid chart And the instruction gage, and give the system composition block diagram and the procedure flow chart. What I design is an automatic and small car control system that samples to the autocar raw coal progress carry, carry out the small car of transversal and big car travel and sample the rising that screw stretch forward and descend the process lengthways. The system adopts the programmable controller control. Sampled the process of operate as follows: When transport the vehicle to arrive the sampling spot, the artificial start sampling system, sample the small car to traverse the running first to stop after specify time, then the big car progress circulates lengthways, while arriving to specify the place stop, the screw sampling tube revolution, sample the prinipal to descend and revolve into the coal seam, coalbed of autocar , make to stop over slightly after arriving the certain depth, carry car the sampling bucket that the raw coal loads in to sample on the above of the tube. Then sample the rising of prinipal, the small car of big car recoil to return to home position, sampling the prinipal to anticipate the door to open, the coal sample flows in to anticipate the bucket, the sampling complete. Go into the raw coal of plant adopts to make the kind apparatus is important equipments that washes the coal plant to go into the plant raw coal mass analysis. Make use of the programmable preface controller, carry out to adopt the automatic control of make the kind apparatus towards going into the raw coal of plant, not only simplified the operation, but also raised the system reliability. Key words: Programmable Logic Controller ；Sample system ；Automatic control 目 錄 摘要………………………………………………………………………………… ⅰ Abstract…………………………………………………………………………… ⅱ 目錄………………………………………………………………………………… ⅲ 緒論………………………………………………………………………………… 1 第一章 車運(yùn)原煤自動(dòng)采樣系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì) ………………………………… 2 一、總體方案確定…………………………………………………………… 2 二、設(shè)計(jì)采制樣裝置及其主要設(shè)備………………………………………… 7 第二章 車運(yùn)原煤自動(dòng)采樣控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ……………………………………… 11 一、采制樣裝置的PLC控制系統(tǒng)組成 …………………………………… 11 二、PLC 的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)組成…………………………………………… 11 三、PLC 的選擇……………………………………………………………… 15 四、CPU 模塊型式及電源模塊型式規(guī)格選擇……………………………… 20 五、變頻器的選型…………………………………………………………… 22 第三章 車運(yùn)原煤自動(dòng)采樣軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) …………………………………… 28 一、建立I/O地址分配表…………………………………………………… 28 二、端子接線圖……………………………………………………………… 29 三、程序流程圖……………………………………………………………… 29 四、PLC 程序設(shè)計(jì) ………………………………………………………… 31 五、PLC 控制系統(tǒng)抗干擾能力……………………………………………… 38 結(jié)論………………………………………………………………………………… 41 致謝………………………………………………………………………………… 42 參考文獻(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………………… 43 附錄………………………………………………………………………………… 44 一、英文資料及中文翻譯………………………………………………………… 44 二、梯形圖………………………………………………………………………… 59 iii