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新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第二版第2冊課后練習(xí)答案 Unit 1 Section A: Vocabulary III. 1. charge 2. convention 3. efficient 4. obtain 5. competent 6. assessing 7. fulfill 8. conducting 9. consequently 10. significance IV. 1. behind 2. at 3. in 4.out 5. to 6. to 7.in 8.with 9.but 10. for V. 1. L 2. C 3.D 4. N 5. O 6.A 7. E 8.G 9.I 10. K Word Building VI. 1. commitment 2. attraction 3. appointment 4. impression 5. civilization 6. composition 7. confusion 8. congratulation 9. consideration 10. explanation 11. acquisition 12. depression VII. 1. advisable 2. desirable 3. favorable 4. considerable 5. remarkable 6. preferable 7. drinkable 8. acceptable Sentence Structure VIII. 1. much less can he write English articles 2. much less can he manage a big company 3. much less could he carry it upstairs 4. much less have I spoken to him 5. much less to read a lot outside of it IX. 1. Having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars, whereas eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive. 2. We thought she was rather proud, whereas in fact she was just very shy. 3. We have never done anything for them, whereas they have done so much for us. 4. Natalie prefers to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately. 5. Some praise him highly, whereas others put him down severely. Translation X. 1. She wouldnt take a drink, much less could she stay for dinner. 2. He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth. 3. How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week? 4. The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy. 5. Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency. 6. We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on. XI. 1. 我認(rèn)為他不會搶劫,更不用說暴力搶劫了. 2. 男工平均工資每小時10美元,而女工才每小時7美元. 3. 自然界的平衡一旦遭到破壞,就會帶來很多不可預(yù)知的影響. 4. 期終考試迫在眉睫,你最好多花點時間看書. 5. 有趣的是,消費者發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越難以辨別某些品牌的原產(chǎn)國.其部分原因來自于全球化帶來的影響,部分原因是由于產(chǎn)地的變化. 6. 最近一次調(diào)查表明,婦女占總勞動力的40%. Cloze XII. 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A Structured Writing XIV. A larger and larger part of society is expressing its concern about environmental protection. Active in their concern, teachers and students hold specific meetings to discuss environmental protection. Also, city planners take environmental problems into serious consideration. And, though reducing pollution can be expensive, factories often take every possible measure to do their part. Many people are concerned and active because air and water pollution affects everyone and makes it difficult for cities to survive and businesses to make a profit. Section B Comprehension of the Text I. Main idea of Para. 1: Studying in a different country is a new experience, but there are also some challenges. Main idea of Para. 2: The first stage of culture-shock adjustment is “the honeymoon”. Main idea of Para. 3: The second stage of culture shock, “the hostility stage”, eventually occurs. Main idea of Para. 4: At this point, some defense mechanisms are devised to protect yourself against the effects of culture shock. Main idea of Para. 6: The third stage of culture shock adjustment, “recovery”, starts. II.1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. B Vocabulary III.1. utilize 2. reject 3. considerable 4. temporary 5. acceptable 6. recognition 7. alleviate 8. appreciate 9. furthermore 10. interact IV.1. interact with 2. gone through 3. deal with 4. recovered with 5. adjusting to 6. familiar to 7. In spite of 8. were tired of 9. prevented from 10. came to Unit 2 Section A Vocabulary III. 1. promising 2. amusing 3. lowered 4. persisted 5. rank 6. swear 7. unfair 8. presence 9. frowning 10. approximately IV. 1. on 2. upon 3. on 4. in 5. by 6. to 7. in 8. of 9. on 10. out V. 1. O 2. K 3. D 4. H 5. J 6. E 7. M 8. G 9. B 10. A Word Building VI. 1. observe—observer: one who observes a person or an event 2. ski—skier: one who skis 3. visit—visitor: one who visits somebody or some place 4. learn—learner: one who learns something 5. report—reporter: one who reports on persons or events for a newspaper 6. drink—drinker: one who often drinks alcohol, esp. too much VII. 1. tropical 2. musical 3. occasional 4. environmental 5. global 6. dangerous 7. natural 8. central Sentence structure VIII. 1. They didnt lose heart despite of lots of frustration. 2. Despite the heavy rain,the boys played football in the yard all afternoon. 3. I will try my best despite the slim chances of success. 4. Despite a thorough search for the escaped prisoner in the mountain,no sign of him was found. 5. Despite their increased income,their life became poorer because of the rising prices. IX. 1. nor do I think it necessary to do so 2. nor would they go to my sisters 3. nor do we have her telephone number 4. nor would I like to go to work immediately 5. nor would I Translation X. 1. Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents. 2. Mike didnt come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation. 3. The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer. 4. He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins to loses. 5. The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence. 6. This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience. XI. 1. 盡管那項計劃一開始就證明是不切實際的,但是他們還是堅持要實施. 2. 我無法說服他接受這項計劃,也無法使他認(rèn)識到這項計劃的重要性. 3. 你是怎么把那么多東西塞進(jìn)這個小行李箱的? 4. 別人對他怎么看,他全不在意. 5. 我能否指出你犯了個小錯誤. 6. 他母親讓他開車慢一點兒,但是他從不把她的話放在心上. Cloze XII. 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D XIV. Computers, just like any new technology, have a negative side. As more and more computers are used in production lines, many jobs are being taken over by computer-controlled machines. As a result, many workers are finding themselves jobless. This constitutes a threat to social security. Another problem is computer crimes. For example, some people are finding ways to break into the bank computer systems and transfer large sums of money to their own accounts. There have been many reports like this. One more negative effect of computers is that they bring about health problems. Sitting in front of computers all day undoubtedly affects people’s health. Back pain, wrist pain, failing eyesight, to name only a few. Section B Reading skills I. 1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B Comprehension of the Text II. 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B Vocabulary III. 1. sake 2. sacrificed 3. crack 4. pursuing 5. explosive 6. overcome 7. indicated 8. opponents 9. stripped 10. denied IV. 1. Natasha made herself stand out in the group interview by acting as the leader in her group. 2. To be successful, you need a careful plan, good luck, help at the right time, and above all, hard work. 3. They are not doing this to gain recognition or money; they are doing this for the sake of society. 4. It was actually what he said rather than what he did that made me sad. 5. Once my mother sets her mind on something, it will be very hard to stop her. 6. Years of research had set the stage for their success in their field. 7. Local people are used to the phenomenon, so they are not surprised at all. 8. Today at this meeting we are going to focus on the question of air pollution. 9. He never expected that his best friend would charge him with cheating in the exam. 10. His parents were so strict with him in his studies that he had little time to participate in any activities outside of class. Unit 3 Section A Vocabulary III. 1. mutual 2. illusion 3. canceled 4. overlooked 5. proceeded 6. resolve 7. prejudice 8. compromise 9. confirm 10. subsequently IV. 1. having nothing to do with 2. taking care of 3. met with 4. on the surface 5. work out 6. incompatible with 7. ups and downs 8. learned of 9. indication of 10. all along V. 1. M 2. L 3. F 4. D 5. H 6. O 7. A 8. C 9. I 10. K Word Building VI. 1. shopping 2. feeling 3. storage 4. cooking 5. ending 6. beginning 7. gathering 8. removal 9. arrival 10. passage 11. writing 12. marriage VII. 1. relationship 2. citizenship 3. leadership 4. membership 5. boyhood 6. livelihood 7. brotherhood 8. authorship 9. adulthood 10. neighborhood 11. wisdom 12. ownership Sentence structure VIII. 1. It is never too bad for us to do something about the situation. 2. One is never too old to learn. 3. It is never too late for you to put a stop to this madness. 4. It is never too late for you to mend your ways. 5. His income was never too small to support his family. IX. 1. My best friend, Anna, was here last night. 2. The company manager, Mr. Madison, gathered his staff and announced the decision. 3. You should have seen an ophthalmologist, an eye doctor. 4. He sent for the accountant, the most experienced person in accounting. 5. "Leave it to me," said David, the man on night duty. Translation X. 1. You are never too experienced to learn new techniques. 2. There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there. 3. Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences. 4. Though he has had ups and downs, I believed all along that he would succeed someday. 5. I have some reservations about the truth of your claim. 6. She isnt particularly tall, but her slim figure gives an illusion of height. XI. 1. 應(yīng)盡早告知年輕人:必須認(rèn)真對待法律. 2. 他現(xiàn)在面臨一個重要決定,這個決定可能會影響他的整個前程. 3. 即使在情況最糟糕的時候,你也必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜和信心. 4. 人際關(guān)系的成功與否與雙方相處是否融洽以及交流是否順暢有很大關(guān)系. 5. 他受到襲擊,身受重傷,隨后不治而亡. 6. 他的舉止至少在表面上像個正常人。 Cloze XII. 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D Structured Writing XIV. Many people place so much emphasis on success that they think any failure is bad. Failure is never pleasant because it hurts people. But in fact is can make a positive contribution to our life once we learn how to make the best of it. We can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one. And we can learn from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even a total failure can give us fresh ideas or a change of direction. Repeated failures lead to success and prove to be beneficial to us as we experiment every day to find out the right way of doing things. Section B Reading skills I. 1. F 2. F 3. O 4. F 5. O 6. O 7. O 8. F 9. O 10. F Comprehension of the Text II. 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. D Vocabulary III. 1. arrange 2. criticism 3. innocent 4. criticizing 5. miserable 6. modest 7. compelled 8. somehow 9. anticipate 10. birlliant IV. 1. on 2. from... to 3. off 4. with 5. away 6. about 7. over 8. On 9. Concerning 10. to Unit 4 Section A: Vocabulary III. 1. forbid 2. identical 3. objection 4. warmth 5. volunteers 6. overseas 7. declined 8. resisted 9. fancy 10. decrease/decline IV. 1. without fail 2. volunteer for 3. as long as 4. right away 5. more than 6. am thankful...for 7. wrote back 8. forbidden from 9. vanished into 10. was free to V. 1. O 2. J 3. G 4. H 5. L 6. A 7. E 8. B 9. C 10. N Word Building VI. 1. sadness 2. weakness 3. carelessness 4. illness 5. darkness 6. kindness 7. laziness 8. nervousness VII. 1. noisy 2. wealthy 3. sunny 4. lucky 5. tasty 6. healthy 7. angry 8. icy Sentence structure VIII. 1. It is necessary for the manager to finish the whole task before leaving for a holiday. 2. It is a shame to take so much money for doing so little. 3. It is our responsibility to help people around us who are in trouble. 4. It is a surprise for us all to realize he has been cheating us. 5. It is pleasant fro the mother to see her daughter growing into a young lady. IX. 1. as long as she got her fathers agreement 2. As long as you set a goal for yourself 3. As long as she covers all the expenses herself 4. as long as she does her job well 5. As long as you never lose heart Translation X. 1. It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar. 2. It doesnt matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice. 3. You must let me have the money back without fail by ten oclock tomorrow morning. 4. Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it. 5. Everyone knows that he is special: He is free to come and go as he pleases. 6. Watching the unhappy look on her face, I felt as though she wishes to say something to me. XI. 1. 現(xiàn)如今,僅僅受過中等教育的人要想找份好工作越來越難了。 2. 留得青山在,不怕沒柴燒. 3. 如果你對所購物品不滿意,我們將很樂意退款. 4. 我們對這塊偉大的美麗的土地心懷感激之情,多年來它迎接了眾多的人來這里的海灘游覽. 5. 讓老師吃驚的是,沒人自愿當(dāng)班長. 6. 那條狗忠心耿耿地繼續(xù)在火車站等待主人,直到兩年后死去. Cloze XII. 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C XIV. Parents have to save a large amount of money for their children to study abroad. Apart from the international flight, they have to pay for their daily expenses, such as food, shelter, entertainment, long –distance telephone calls, and clothing. In addition, the children should have some money ready to cover unexpected expenses. Section B: Reading skills I. 1. I am almost dead. 2. I am moving across the landscape. 3. I have achieved a modest amount of prosperity. 4. A friend convinces me to go on a blind date with a lady friend of his. 5. Roma gets a faraway look in her eyes. Comprehension of the Text II. 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A Vocabulary III. 1. insurance 2. descended 3. precision 4. trace 5. stain 6. specify 7. accustomed 8. embraced 9. knelt 10. prosperity IV. 1. The Rockefeller family achieved a huge amount of prosperity in the oil business. 2. What all workers have in common is expecting better working conditions. 3. You dont know what his feelings will be, as they change from day to day. 4. This is generally a warm place, but we do get freezing weather on occasion. 5. Every year at Christmas drunk driving takes its toll on the joyful atmosphere. 6. Many people still cling to the hope that one day there will be place between the two countries. 7. He was so angry that he lost control. 8. The climate in Alaska is a far cry from that of Florida. 9. How on earth did she manage to pass the test? 10. His career as a teacher came to an end when he broke his leg, but he continued to write textbooks for students. Unit 5 Section A: Vocabulary III. 1. hardened 2. shelter 3. slim 4. weaken 5. Literally 6. noticeable 7. bunch 8. drag 9. grateful 10. hooked IV. 1. leaned on 2. close at hand 3. die of 4. are starved of 5. coupled with 6. is directed…at 7. are...dressed in 8. grateful to 9. struggling to 10. a bunch of V. 1. J 2. G 3. K 4. M 5. E 6. O 7. D 8. H 9. A 10. C Word Building VI. 1. Under the pleasant situation the property prices are just beginning to harden again. 2. In the past few years, these inside conflicts have weakened the governments position. 3. Every Sunday the father takes his child to libraries, museums, exhibitions or natural parks, as he believes that this helps to broaden the childs mind. 4. The days are lengthening as summer approaches. 5. As she was waiting for the result to come out, her excitement heightened. 6. The taking on of a new secretary lightened his workload considerably. 7. As he listened to his assistant reporting on the progress of the project, the managers face darkened with anger. 8. Before night fell, the setting sun reddened the clouds. VII. 1. arrival 2. expectations 3. understandable 4. Visitors 5. freedom 6. profitable 7. lucky 8. gathering Sentence structure VIII. 1. John went to the cinema with his brother, which surprised me. 2. The boy broke the window, for which he was criticized by the teacher. 3. He tore up my photo, by which I was angered very much. 4. It was raining hard, for which the team stayed indoors. 5. Connie changed her mind for the second time, which came as no surprise to us. IX. 1. The teacher spoke so quietly that the students could hardly hear her. 2. The lecture was so boring that many listeners fell asleep. 3. The student has so many books that he does not know what to do with them. 4. The old man was so ill that his neighbors had to send for a doctor. 5. Her remarks are so funny that everyone laughs to tears. Translation X. 1. He spoke confidently, which impressed me most. 2. My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys. 3. Im very grateful to you for all the help you have given me. 4. The bad light, coupled with the wet ground, made driving very difficult. 5. Being starved of funds, they had to cancel their plan to start a business. 6. They always lean on us whenever they are in trouble. XI. 1. 飛機(jī)可能會晚點幾個小時,要是那樣，我們等著就沒有什么意義了. 2. 喬治常常說謊,因此當(dāng)他說他考試得了高分時沒人相信他. 3. 初了附近位于十字路口的那家小工廠,一切都靜悄悄的. 4. 缺少睡眠的人會感到很難集中心思干活. 5. 我安排人去機(jī)場接克拉克先生,然后帶他去賓館. 6. 一到達(dá)山頂,游客們都高興地大叫起來. Cloze XII. 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. C XIV. There are many problems for mixed marriages. The number one reason is the cultural differences between the mixed couple, like those in customs and lifestyle. Many people have prejudice against mixed marriages. They often feel shocked to see people of different races get married and have doubts about such marriages. What’s more, children from mixed marriages tend to be looked down upon or even badly treated by their peers. Mixed marriages face many trials, and as a result, mixed couples have higher divorce rates than couples of the same race. Section B: Reading skills I. 1. giving them many material possessions 2. change continually and frequently 3. a sudden, uncontrollable feeling of regret 4. makes (the parent-child relationship)go wrong; taking (some of the happiness and mutual respect) away from (parents and their children) 5. start a new course of improved behavior Comprehension of the Text II. 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C Vocabulary III. 1. assigned 2. compensate 3. prompt 4. manner 5. tendency 6. undermined 7. submit 8. inferred 9. fluctuates 10. responded IV. 1. Jean wrote the speakers address down in her notebook for fear that she might forget it. 2. Passengers must show their tickets on demand. 3. Officials are bound to investigate any possible corruption. 4. I took it for granted that you would come with us, so I bought you a ticket. 5. She has been selfish all the time, but she has promised to turn over a new leaf and become more loving toward others. 6. People in this region have pined for a peaceful life since the religious war broke out three decades ago. 7. Poor health had made it difficult for Jim to hold down a job for more than a year. 8. Betty gets very depressed at times because of the pressure of her work. 9. The boys at my school used to make fun of me because I have a flat nose. 10. Jenny kept begging me for a new bicycle, and I finally gave in. Unit 6 Section A Vocabulary III. 1. confessed 2. reserve 3. professional 4. impressive 5. latter 6. convey 7. qualify 8. refined 9. substitute 10. approval IV. 1. Correct from: fill out; synonym: fill in 2. Correct from: feel comfortable with; synonym: feel comfortable about 3. Correct from: attach first importance to; translation: 非常重視； 把……放在第一位 4. Correct from: turned down; synonym: rejected; refused 5. Correct from: came (up) to; definition: moved toward 6. Correct from: pressing me