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,,,被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)⑴主動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者⑵被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語是動(dòng)作的承受者例：WespeakEnglish.（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）主謂賓Englishisspokenbyus.（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）主謂介詞+賓語主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)Wecleantheclassroom.Theclassroomiscleanedbyus.Sheclosedthewindow.Thewindowwasclosedbyher.Hewrotealetterlastnight.Aletterwaswrittenbyhim.,,,主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞形式(以動(dòng)詞do為例)時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do(does)am/is/aredone一般過去時(shí)didwas/weredone一般將來時(shí)willdowillbedone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoingam/is/arebeingdone過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoingwas/werebeingdone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdonehave/hasbeendone過去完成時(shí)haddonehadbeendone過去將來時(shí)woulddowouldbedone（另：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+bedone),,Theycallthatbuilding”ShoppingCentre”.2.Wesawabigsnakeinfrontofthetreelastnight.3.DoyouplayfootballinschoolsalloverChina?4.Thisladywrotemanystoriesforchildren.5.Theydidn’tdomuchworkyesterday.6.Didanyoneleavethelightsonallnight？7.Hedoesn’tdrawahorseonthewall.,特殊句型的被動(dòng)語態(tài)一雙賓語give,pass,show，teach,tell等動(dòng)詞常常帶有兩個(gè)賓語即雙賓語：直接賓語和間接賓語，改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，可以選其中任何一個(gè)作主語。如果直接賓語作主語，那么間接賓語前要加相應(yīng)的介詞to/for。間接賓語前帶to的動(dòng)詞有：bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,post,send,show,take,teach,tell,write,throw間接賓語前帶for的動(dòng)詞有：book,buy,call,cook,do,get,make,save例：①Hegavemeapen.=Hegaveapentome.間直直間→Iwasgivenapenbyhim.間→Apenwasgiventomebyhim.直②Mymotherboughtmeanewcoat.=Mymotherboughtanewcoatforme.直間→Anewcoatwasboughtformebymymother.,特殊句型的被動(dòng)語態(tài)二使役動(dòng)詞（make/let/have）或感官動(dòng)詞（hear,see,listento,find,watch,feel等），在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，其后作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式不帶to，但是在改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)必須加to，另外help在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中后面的動(dòng)詞不定式可以帶to,也可不帶to,但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中也必須加to。例：①M(fèi)otheroftenmakesmedosomehousework.→Iamoftenmadetodosomehouseworkbymother.②Wesawhimrunintotheclassroom.→Hewasseentorunintotheclassroombyus.,沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞1.不及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語無被動(dòng)語態(tài):happen\takeplace（發(fā)生）,breakout(爆發(fā))，breakdown(壞了),appear,die，end,fail,last,lie,,sit,spread（傳播）,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,belongto,consistof等只用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，而不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)．2.大多數(shù)系動(dòng)詞：be,feel(摸起來)，sound(聽起來)，look(看起來)，smell(聞起來),taste（嘗起來）等詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，它們的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。3.表示狀態(tài)或特征的動(dòng)詞.如have,cost,fit,suit等沒有被動(dòng)形式.例：①Ｔhemilktastesstrange.②Thestoryhappenedinin2000.③Themeetinglastedfor2hours.,沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞1.不及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語無被動(dòng)語態(tài):happen\takeplace（發(fā)生）,breakout(爆發(fā))，breakdown(壞了),appear,die，end,fail,last,lie,,sit,spread（傳播）,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,belongto,consistof等只用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，而不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)．beworth后的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)need,want,require等少數(shù)表示“需要”的動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義Thehouseneedscleaning.房子需要打掃了。Thehouseneedstobecleaned.2.大多數(shù)系動(dòng)詞：be,feel(摸起來)，sound(聽起來)，look(看起來)，smell(聞起來),taste（嘗起來）等詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，它們的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。3.表示狀態(tài)或特征的動(dòng)詞.如have,cost,fit,suit等沒有被動(dòng)形式.catch,close,lock,open,read,sell,wash,wear,write的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，而且它們的狀語一般是表示效果或程度的副詞，如：well,easily,smoothly。如：Theclothwasheseasily.這種布容易洗。Thepenwritesfluently.這支筆寫起來流利。例：①Ｔhemilktastesstrange.②Thestoryhappenedinin2000.③Themeetinglastedfor2hours.,被動(dòng)語態(tài)練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇：(注意語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài).)1.Thetallbuilding____１０yearsago.AbuiltBwasbuiltCisbuiltDbuildsB2Whatanicegarden!It____everyday.AiscleaningBwascleaningCmustcleanDiscleanedD3Thetrees____everyday.AwaterBmustwateredCmustbewateredDhaswateredC4Ifthechild____,pleasetelephonethepolice.AfoundBisfoundCwasfoundDhasfoundB5_____thiskindofquestionoften____inyourclass,LiPing?ADoes,askBIs,askedCHas,askedDWill,askB6Sheisofenseen_____basketballontheplayground.AplayBtoplayCplaysDplayingB7Rice_____inSouthChina.AgrowsBisgrowCisgrownDaregrownC8We______treesinspring.AplantBareplantedCareplantingDwillplantA,被動(dòng)語態(tài)練習(xí)二、動(dòng)詞填空：(注意語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài).)1Theroom_____________(clean)justnow.wascleaned2Trees_____________(plant)inspringeveryyear.areplanted3Theroom________________(shouldclean)everyday.shouldbecleaned4Thisjacket______________(make)ofcotton.ismade5Sandy________just_________(sweep)thefloor.hassweeped6Oh,themilk____________(taste)strange,doyouthinkit’sOKtodrink?tastes7Thestory____________(happen)in2005.happened,被動(dòng)語態(tài)練習(xí)三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：變被動(dòng)語態(tài)1Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.2Wemustspeaktoolderpeoplepolitely.Oldpeoplemustbespokentopolitely(byus).3Wefinishedourhomeworkyesterday.Ourhomeworkwasfinishedyesterday.4Hegavemeabookjustnow.Iwasgivenabookbyhimjustnow.Abookwasgiventomebyhimjustnow.5weoftenheardhersingthissong.Sheisoftenheardtosingthissongbyus.,Theylettheboygoatonce..Everyoneshouldprotectourenvironment.Lucyhasboughtherbrotheracomputer.Theysawtheboystealsomethinginthesupermarket.Didtheybuildthisbridgelastyear?WillTomcleanhisroom?Iwon’tbelievehisstory.Peoplewon’tusepapermoneyin100years.Maryisgoingtowashthedishes.Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?Howmanybookshaveyousoldoutsofar?Hegavemeabookyesterday.Hismotherboughthimanewcoat.,