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gkxx精品課件,Unit 2 Grammar and usage Verb-ing form as an adjective or adverb and Verb-ing phrases,gkxx精品課件,Part 1,Verb-ing form as an adjective or adverb,gkxx精品課件,Lead-in Choose the right answer.,1.The children stopped _____as the teacher came in. A talk B to talk C talking D talked,2.He is quite used _______in all sorts of weather. A fly B to fly C to flying D to flied,,,gkxx精品課件,3.Doctor Bethune went on ____throughout the night. A work B worked C to work D working,4.Your shoes are dirty. They need _____badly. A wash B washed C to wash D washing,,,gkxx精品課件,5.The teacher spent a lot of time_____me with my grammar. A help B to help C helped D helping,6.It was raining hard, but we kept on _____forward. A move B moved C moving D to move,,,gkxx精品課件,7.Please come early. Don’t keep us_______ for long. A wait B to wait C waiting D waited,8.She suggested ______for an outing next Sunday. A go B to go C going D gone,,,gkxx精品課件,9.Wang lin insisted on_____to work in the countryside. A be sent B sending C being sent D send,10.Would your friend mind_______a little more softly? A to speak B spoken C speaking D speak,,,gkxx精品課件,11.I don’t feel like____to the movies. A go B to go C going D gone,12.The shy girl doesn’t like ______at in public. A laughing B to laugh C laughed D being laughed,,,gkxx精品課件,,13.I first considered ______to him, but then decided ______him. A writing; seeing B to write; to see C writing; to see D to write; seeing,14.Do you consider it better_______? A not going B not go C not having gone D not to go,,,gkxx精品課件,現(xiàn)在分詞的作用:,可以作形容詞和副詞作用，在句中作定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。,gkxx精品課件,1.做定語(yǔ),It is a very moving film and it is well worth seeing. Upon hearing the exciting news,they jumped with great joy.,單個(gè)的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，放在名詞的前面，相當(dāng)于形容詞，可加副詞修飾。,gkxx精品課件,The fast-growing economy has caused environmental problems. Canada is an English—speaking country. 有時(shí)現(xiàn)在分詞可以和副詞或名詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞。,The girl sitting in the corner is my best friend.=The girl who is sitting in the corner is my best friend. People working in that bank are well paid.=People who work in that bank are well paid.,現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放在名詞后面，意思和定語(yǔ)從句一樣，并且可以轉(zhuǎn)變成定語(yǔ)從句。,gkxx精品課件,Your journey in Kenya is really exciting. What you did was disappointing. The nightmare I had last night was very frightening.,現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)通常表示主語(yǔ)的屬性和特征.,2.作表語(yǔ),gkxx精品課件,3.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) We find the journey to Africa exciting. He had a strange way to make his classes interesting. I heard someone playing the violin in the next room. 注意：在see,hear,watch,feel,notice等動(dòng)詞后，用現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；而動(dòng)詞原形則表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程，即動(dòng)作已結(jié)束。 We saw the teacher making the experiment. I saw the girl get into the car and drive off.,gkxx精品課件,現(xiàn)在分詞用于動(dòng)詞stand sit 和lie后，通常表示這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 They stood talking to each other.(現(xiàn)在分詞talking用于動(dòng)詞stand后，表示動(dòng)作talk和動(dòng)作stand 同時(shí)發(fā)生）＝They stood when they were talking to each other.,現(xiàn)在分詞也有完成時(shí)式having+過(guò)去分詞,Having worked side by side with many environmentalists,I know that a healthy environment and growing economy should be possible at the same time.(現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)形式having worked 說(shuō)明work先于主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞know發(fā)生）,注意：,gkxx精品課件,Exercise on page 29,1.shocking,2.relaxing,3.tiring,4.disappointing,5.interesting,6.living,Part A,gkxx精品課件,Part 2,Verb-ing phrases,gkxx精品課件,做狀語(yǔ) 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)相同；如果不相同，分詞前必須加上自己的主語(yǔ)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)被稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 Time permitting,I will stay for another week.=If time permits,I will stay for another week.,1.作伴隨狀語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞stand,sit和lie加現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 We sat there talking to each other. The poor man sat by the road,begging.,gkxx精品課件,2.作方式狀語(yǔ)，表示方式。 Americans like travelling,driving their cars. They often communicate with each other,using English.,,3.作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句。 現(xiàn)在分詞可表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或進(jìn)行，而現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)可表示動(dòng)作的先后順序，表示它發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前。 Seeing the big snake,the girl was almost frightened to death.=When she saw the big snake,the girl was almost frightened to death.,gkxx精品課件,Having waited in the line for half an hour,he suddenly realized that he left his wallet at home.=After he waited in the line for half an hour, he suddenly realized that he left his wallet at home. 有時(shí)表示時(shí)間的分詞短語(yǔ)可由連接詞when,while,once,until,whenever等引出。 While reading the novel,he nodded from time to time.,4.作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 Being a student,I must work hard.=Because I am a student,I must work hard. Not knowing what to do next,he turned to the teacher for help.=Because he didn’t know what to do next,he turned to the teacher for help.,gkxx精品課件,5.作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ) Both his parents died in the war,leaving him alone in the world. The fish can eat a person in two minutes,leaving only the bones.,6.作條件狀語(yǔ) Working hard,you will succeed one day.=If you work hard,you will succeed one day. Putting more salt into the soup, you will find it more delicious.,gkxx精品課件,注意： 現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式中，否定詞not 必須放在 最前面。 Not knowing much English,he found it difficult to communicate with foreigners. Not having received a reply,he wrote a letter to the professor again.,gkxx精品課件,1.___full preparations,we decided to put put off the meeting till next week. A. We did not make B. Having not made C. We had not made D. Not having made,,gkxx精品課件,,2.European football is play in 80 countries,____it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make,,gkxx精品課件,,3. ____ what the situation would be like, they decided to keep silent. A. Having not known B. knowing not C. Not know D. Not knowing,,gkxx精品課件,4. ____ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth. A. having believed B. Believing C. Believed D. Being believed,,gkxx精品課件,,5. ____ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered,,gkxx精品課件,6. ___ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds. A. To grow B. Growing C. Grown D. Grow,,gkxx精品課件,,7. Tom sat under a tree, and seeing his friend, _____ up in no time. A. to stand B. standing C. stood D. would stand 8. He sent me an email, ____ to get further information. A. hope B. hoping C. to hope D. hope,,,gkxx精品課件,9. ______ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed,,gkxx精品課件,,10. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _____ the girl and took her away, ____ into the woods. A. seizing；disappeared B. seizing；disappearing C. seizing；to disappear D. seized；disappearing,,gkxx精品課件,Homework:,DO exercise on C1 and C2 on page 100,gkxx精品課件,Thanks!,Bye-bye!,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,