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Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing,1．a(chǎn).We’d love to see the problems solved within seven days. b．Have you ever heard the song sung in Chinese when in the US? c．The next morning he opened the door and found his new bike stolen.,2．a(chǎn).The place is looking much better since they had it redecorated. b．Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists. c．She went shopping in a hurry，leaving the gate unlocked. 3．a(chǎn).The manager wished those letters typed as soon as possible.,b．My cellphone has broken down and I would like it repaired soon. c．The teacher wanted the problem solved at once.,4．a(chǎn).The thief was brought in，with his hands tied to his back. b．It was a pity that the great writer died with his works unfinished. c．With many flowers planted，his house looks like a beautiful garden.,過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)表明賓語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。在高中階段主要有以下幾種情況：,1．感官動(dòng)詞see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后可用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 I saw an old man knocked down by a car. 我看到一位老人被車(chē)撞倒了。 He didn’t notice his wallet stolen. 他沒(méi)有注意到他的錢(qián)包被偷了。,注意：在此類(lèi)“動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作與賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系或所處的狀態(tài)；用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行且與賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系；用不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的全部過(guò)程結(jié)束了。,I found that dog following a man. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)那只狗跟在一個(gè)人的身后。 I found the dog followed by a man. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)那只狗后面有人跟著。 I saw the boy climb the wall. 我看見(jiàn)那個(gè)男孩爬墻了。,2．表示“意愿；命令”的動(dòng)詞，如like，want，wish，order等可用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于過(guò)去分詞前省略了to be。 The father wants his daughter taught the piano. 這位父親想讓女兒學(xué)鋼琴。 The students wouldn’t like the problem discussed at the moment.學(xué)生們此刻不想討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。,3．使役動(dòng)詞have，get，make，leave，keep等后可用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 Have you got your films developed? 你拿膠卷去沖洗了沒(méi)有？ They kept everything locked. 他們把所有東西都鎖起來(lái)了。,注意：“使役動(dòng)詞have＋賓語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞”的幾種含義： (1)主語(yǔ)請(qǐng)別人做某事 He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow. 他明天想去檢查眼睛。,(2)主語(yǔ)遭遇到某種不幸的事情 While they were on holiday，they had their car broken into.他們?cè)诙燃贂r(shí)車(chē)被撬了。 (3)使完成某事(事情既可以是別人做完，也可以由主語(yǔ)參與完成) He had the walls painted this morning. 他今早給墻刷漆了。(主語(yǔ)自己可能參與),4．在“with＋名詞/代詞＋過(guò)去分詞”復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義，賓語(yǔ)與過(guò)去分詞在邏輯上是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 With all the work done，I feel very relaxed now. 所有的工作都做完了，我現(xiàn)在感到非常放松。 John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it. 約翰收到了一份去吃飯的邀請(qǐng)，由于工作都已完成，所以他欣然接受。,注意：在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)介詞的賓語(yǔ)和后面的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，則用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；若側(cè)重表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，則用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 The girl felt very safe with her mother standing behind her.媽媽站在身后，小女孩感到很安全。,With so many books to read，I have no time to chat with you.有這么多的書(shū)要讀，我沒(méi)時(shí)間跟你閑聊。,Ⅰ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思補(bǔ)全句子 1．我明天要請(qǐng)人修理我的電腦。 I’ll _________________________ tomorrow. 2．我想把門(mén)漆成紅色。 I want to _____________________ red.,have my computer repaired,have the door painted,3．問(wèn)題被解決了，我們都感到非常高興。 ___________________________，we all feel very happy. 4．我們下定了決心，要在“五一”節(jié)前完成這項(xiàng)工作。 We are determined to ___________________ before May Day.,With the problem solved,get the work done,5．我提高了聲音，以便讓大家都能聽(tīng)到我的話(huà)。 I raised my voice so that I could________________________.,,make myself heard,Ⅱ.用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．When we arrived，we were glad to find the child well __________ care of.(take) 2．To our delight，they got their article __________ before the deadline.(finish) 3．The teacher wants my composition __________ in this afternoon.(hand ),taken,finished,handed,4．He likes to keep his windows __________ all the year round.(open) 5．At the good news，he felt a heavy load __________ off his mind.(take),opened,taken,Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．(2011·高考安徽卷)Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ________ into small pieces. A．break B．breaking C．broken D．to break,解析：選D。句意：湯姆問(wèn)糖果制造商們能否把巧克力做得更易于掰成小塊。這是一個(gè)固定句式：make sth.＋adj.＋(for sb.)to do“使某事變得(使某人)做起來(lái)……”，如make English easy for us to learn(使英語(yǔ)變得讓我們學(xué)起來(lái)容易)，因此選D項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞不定式。,2．(2011·高考浙江卷)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ for words. A．lose B．lost C．to lose D．having lost 解析：選B。句意：即使是最好的作家有時(shí)候也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己會(huì)詞窮。themselves與lose之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用其過(guò)去分詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。,3．(2011·高考陜西卷)Claire had her luggage ________ an hour before her plane left. A．check B．checking C．to check D．checked 解析：選D。句意：克萊爾在飛機(jī)離開(kāi)前一個(gè)小時(shí)就檢查了行李?？疾榱薶ave.done表示“使某物被……”之意的用法，故用過(guò)去分詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。,4．(2011·高考重慶卷)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams. A．reminding B．to remind C．reminded D．remind 解析：選C。句意：邁克爾在床邊張貼了一張姚明的照片以提醒自己記住夢(mèng)想。himself與remind之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用其過(guò)去分詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。,5．(2010·高考遼寧卷)Alexander tried to get his work ________in the medical circles. A．to recognize B．recognizing C．recognize D．recognized 解析：選D。句意：亞歷山大竭力使自己的工作在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域得到認(rèn)可。work與recognize之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式作his work的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。其余選擇項(xiàng)均不符合語(yǔ)法要求。,6．Now that we’ve discussed our problem，are people happy with the decisions ________？ A．taking B．take C．taken D．to take 解析：選C。句意：既然我們已經(jīng)討論了我們的問(wèn)題了，人們對(duì)我們所采取的決定滿(mǎn)意嗎？ take與the decisions之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾decisions。,7．To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English ________ as much as we can. A．speak B．speaking C．spoken D．to speak 解析：選C。句意：為了把英語(yǔ)學(xué)好，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能抓住一切機(jī)會(huì)去聽(tīng)別人講英語(yǔ)。本題關(guān)鍵要意識(shí)到English和speak之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選C。,8．The professor spoke very clearly to make his speech ________. A．understood B．understand C．understanding D．to understand 解析：選A。句意：教授非常清楚地演講以使他的演講被理解。understand與his speech為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞。,9．He must be angry，for we heard the glass ________ on the floor. A．being broken B．break C．broken D．to be broken 解析：選C。句意：他一定是很生氣，因?yàn)槲覀兟?tīng)到玻璃杯被摔碎在地板上的聲音。the glass與break之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。,10．With the problem ________，they were happy and relaxed.So they all agreed to hold a celebration. A．to settle B．settling C．settled D．being settled,解析：選C。句意：?jiǎn)栴}解決了，他們又高興又輕松。一致贊成舉行慶祝會(huì)。此題考查with復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。settle意為“解決”，與problem之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且已發(fā)生，故用過(guò)去分詞。,寫(xiě)作要求 假設(shè)你是王穎，是北京青年旅行社股份有限公司的一名導(dǎo)游，10月1日要帶一批美國(guó)來(lái)的游客旅游觀光。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表提供的信息寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游辭。,注意：1.詞數(shù)：120詞左右。 2．文章開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾均已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Ladies and gentlemen， Welcome to Beijing.I’m Wang Ying.And I’m more than glad to be your guide._____________________________________ Finally，I sincerely hope every one of you will enjoy yourself here.,審題謀篇 1．本文是導(dǎo)游辭的寫(xiě)作。其特點(diǎn)是準(zhǔn)確、鮮明和具體。 2．導(dǎo)游辭的語(yǔ)言要求要進(jìn)行特色景點(diǎn)描述，有引人入勝的景點(diǎn)描述。 3．主體時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn) 1．北京有著悠久的歷史，其旅游景點(diǎn)很多。 ①_______________________，Beijing is rich in tourist attractions. ②Beijing __________________ and many tourist attractions. ③Many tourist attractions exist in Beijing__________________________.,With a long history,has a long history,which has a long history,2．首先，我們要去天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)。 ①______________，we’ll go to Tian’ anmen Square. ②______________，we’ll go to Tian’ anmen Square. ③__________________，we’ll go to Tian’ anmen Square.,First of all,Above all,To begin with,3．我們將參觀長(zhǎng)城，它因是世界上最長(zhǎng)的人造建筑物而聞名。 ①We’ll visit the Great Wall，________ is known as the longest man-made structure in the world. ②We’ll visit the Great Wall，________ is known as the longest man-made structure in the world.,which,as,佳作欣賞 Ladies and gentlemen， Welcome to Beijing.I’m Wang Ying.And I’m more than glad to be your guide.①With a long history，Beijing is rich in tourist attractions.②Besides，it took on a fresh look because of the 2008 Olympic Games.Now I’d like to tell you something about our trip.,At 7∶00 on the morning of October 1st，we’ll meet at the gate of Hongxing Hotel and then we’ll take a bus to our traveling destinations.③First of all，we’ll go to Tian’anmen Square，then the Forbidden City，which is the largest and most complete imperial palace in China.,At 2 o’clock in the afternoon，we’ll visit the Great Wall，④which is known as the longest man-made structure in the world. Finally，I sincerely hope every one of you will enjoy yourself here.,名師點(diǎn)津 【美文點(diǎn)津】 ①be rich in是“在……方面豐富；富含……”之意。 ②副詞besides的使用，使得上下文語(yǔ)氣連貫自然。,③first of all表示列舉的開(kāi)始，“首先，最重要的是……”之意；which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 ④be known as是“作為……而出名”之意；man-made是合成形容詞，“人造的”之意，which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。,【類(lèi)文點(diǎn)津】 景點(diǎn)介紹類(lèi)文章的寫(xiě)作 1．景點(diǎn)介紹類(lèi)作文屬于說(shuō)明文的范疇，在此類(lèi)寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中，需要注意以下方面： (1)介紹景點(diǎn)，如景點(diǎn)的歷史、地理位置、面積、氣候、自然資源和居民等，要客觀、科學(xué)，使用的語(yǔ)言要簡(jiǎn)單明了、準(zhǔn)確、生動(dòng)，盡量避免使用主觀性的語(yǔ)言。,(2)抓住景點(diǎn)的主要特征，注意安排好說(shuō)明順序，選擇合適的說(shuō)明方法，描述注意詳略得當(dāng)，重點(diǎn)突出。 (3)由于說(shuō)明文多是對(duì)客觀事物的描述，所以并不需要用過(guò)于復(fù)雜的時(shí)態(tài)，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 (4)要注意行文的連貫性，恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠^(guò)渡詞，采用多種表達(dá)方式，以免讓人感到乏味。要做到措辭準(zhǔn)確，要點(diǎn)齊全，行文流暢，條分縷析。,2．景點(diǎn)描述常用的短語(yǔ)和句式。 (1)地理位置介紹的語(yǔ)言： .is located in/at/between/to. In/On/To the east /Among.is/lies/stands. There is/stands/lies,(2) 景物描寫(xiě)常用的語(yǔ)言： What attracts us most is the. take on a new look the scenery of.is very attractive be rich in.a place of interest be surrounded by mountains be covered with.It looks as if. be dotted with.,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,