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111 Unit 2 Grammar and usage Teaching Aims: 1、??????????? Show Ss that modal verbs can be used to talk about ability, obligation, certainty or permission, to make requests, suggestions, offers and to give advice. 2、??????????? Enable students to understand that some modal verbs can be used with the continuous form and the perfect form to talk about current affairs or past actions. Teaching Important Points: 1、??????????? Develop the students’ ability of using modal verbs. 2、??????????? How to make students master the usage of modal verbs. Teaching Difficult Points: Develop the students’ ability of using modal verbs and how to make students master the usage of modal verbs. Teaching Methods: Explanation and exercise Teaching Procedures: Step1 Warming up Say some sentences to warm up students: Now, many of us can speak English quite well, but a few years ago, we couldn’t. Yes or no? If we talk about the ability someone has, we use the modal verb ‘can’. If we want to express that it is necessary for us to do something, what modal verb do we use? must What other modal verbs can you think of? ? Step3 presentation Show the usage of the modal verbs on the screen. Modal verbs can/could表能力 (1) I don’t think he can solve the problem without any help. (2) Can you help me to work out this maths problem? ought to/should 1.表示義務(wù)，“應(yīng)該”，用于各種人稱 You should respect your parents. You shouldn’t spend much time surfing the Internet. 2.表示推測，“想必，估計(jì)”的意思。 If Tom starts today, he should complete the project in time. 3.表示與想象的不一樣”照說應(yīng)該……” ● I wonder where Mike is. He should be here now. ● You shouldn’t have told David what Mike told you. 4. 在表示建議, 命令, 要求動(dòng)詞后用虛擬 語氣。 1). My friends suggested that I (should) pay visit to shanghai next month. 2). The chairman demanded that we (should) solve the problem at once. 5. 表示驚訝, 憂慮, 惋惜等感情色彩。 ● I am really surprised that he should talk to his parents that way. ● Rose should turn him down. ● Rose ought to/will /must give me a hand whenever I am in trouble. Have to/must have to 表客觀需求 must 表主觀愿望 ● I have to finish the work before 7 o’clock. ● We must make every effort to protect the Earth. ● You must work hard to achieve your life goal. Certainty might/may/could/should/ought to/will /must ● Rose might become upset at the news. ● Rose may be pretty busy now. ● Rose could cook meals for herself 2 years ago. ●John isn’t here to attend the party. H e must be reviewing his notes for the big exam tomorrow. Make requests 提出要求 Will; can; could; would A: Can/Will /Could/Would you lend me some money? It happens that I don’t have any with me. B: Yes, I can/will/can/will. Make suggestions 提出建議 Shall we/I /He/She/They turn in the project today? Shall常用于第一, 三人稱, 表示征求對方意見 A: Shall he come in? B: Ok. Make offers 提出請求 ● I’ll wash your sports jacket. ● Shall I get a ticket for you? ● Shall we carry the books for you? ● Shall I clean the blackboard for you? Give advice 給出建議 ● You should not/ought not to speak to him like that. ● We should focus on our work. ● We should not laugh at those who are disabled. can/be able to can 的形式只有can; could兩種 be able to 的形式有am/is/are able to; was/were able to; have/has been able to等多種 can 一般指一個(gè)人的能力 be able to 經(jīng)過努力后而達(dá)到的一定程度 ● My brother can play table tennis. ● My brother is able to dive under water for 10 minutes. shall/ will shall表達(dá)諾言; will表示決心或決定 1) Take it easy. You shall be offered a job in this company. 2) Mike will spare no effort to study. mustn’t /needn’t mustn’t “禁止, 不許” 語氣強(qiáng)烈 needn’t “不需要, 沒有必要” 語氣較 為緩和 1). You mustn’t miss the speech to be delivered tomorrow. It’s of great importance. 2). You needn’t do that if you don’t want to. 3). Must we clean the classroom? Yes, you must. /No, you needn’t. 4). It is a five-minute walk from the station to my house. You needn’t have taken a taxi. (However, you did take a taxi.) need/dare 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí), 兩個(gè)詞常用于疑問句和否定句; 用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí), 可用于各種句式。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí): ---Need I show you how to operate the machine? ---Yes, please. ● You needn’t tell him the news now. ● How dare you do that behind my back? ● The little girl dare not go out alone at night. Step 4 Have a try: Choosing the right word Answers:1. (Page 29) (1)?? must (2) has to (3) must (4) must (5) should (6) ought to (7) could (8) may (9) could 2. (Page31) A (1) can (2) dare (3) can/could (4) may/might/could (5)mustn’t/shouldn’t/can’t (6)mustn’t/shouldn’t/can’t (7) can (8) needn’t B (1) Shall (2) shall (3) Will (4) will/shall (5)will (6) will/shall (7) shall/will Step 5 Practice: 1.?—__?I?water?the?trees?on?Tuesday??? ?— No,?you?needn’t.? A.?Can?　B.?Must?　C.?May?　D.?Shall?? 2.?He?_____?not?pay?unless?he?is?punished?to?pay.?? A.?shall B.?will?　C.?can?　　D.?would?? 3.?I?_____?such?a?mistake?again.?? A.?shall?never?make?B.?may?never?make?C.?can?never?do?　　D.?need? 4.?—_____?I?turn?on?the?radio?? You’d?better?not.?It?is?noisy?enough?in?this?room.? A.?Shall?　B.?Must?　C.?Need?　D.?Do?? 5.?Since?the?road?is?wet?this?morning,?_____?last?night.?? A.?it?must?rain? ? B.?it?must?have?rained?? C.?it?must?be?rained? D.?it?must?have?been?rained?? 6.?Everyone?_____?do?his?best?to?make?the?world?safe?and?clean.?? A.?can? B.?may?　C.?should?　D.?had?to?? 7.?They?_____?that?far;?but?they?stopped?to?have?a?snack?on?the?way.?? A.?might?be?gone?　　B.?needed?go?　　C.?could?have?gone? D.?ought?have?gone 8.?You?_____?get?down?the?bus?until?the?bus?has?stopped.?? A.?can’t? B.?needn’t? C.?mustn’t?D.?don’t Step 6 Homework: 1. Read the book from Page 28 to Page 31. 2. Finish the exercises on Page 100 in WB. 3. Preview the Task part. ? 111