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111 Module 2 Sporting Event Grammar and usage---學(xué)案 一、快捷識(shí)記 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，認(rèn)為“可能”、“應(yīng)當(dāng)”、“必要”等等，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。 1. can與could I can do it well. 我能做好。 （表能力） She can be free this Sunday. 她這個(gè)星期天可能有空。 (表可能性) How can you be so careless! 你怎么這樣粗心！ （表驚異） What you told me can’t be true. 你跟我講的不可能是真的。 （表懷疑） Could you give me some help? 你可以幫幫我嗎？ （ 委婉提問(wèn)） 2. may 與might May I come in? 我可以進(jìn)來(lái)嗎？ （ 表允許） 在回答may的問(wèn)句時(shí)，要盡量避免直接用may或may not, 而用其他的方式來(lái)代替。 ---May I come in? --- Yes, please. 或 Certainly.等 ---No, please don’t 或No, you mustn’t. “ 不行。” He may be at home. 他可能在家。 （ 表可能，也許） If he were here, you might get some help from him. 他要是在這兒，你或許能從他那里得到一些幫助。 （ 在虛擬條件句中表假設(shè) ） 3. will 與would will 表示“意志、意愿”，可用于多種人稱。在疑問(wèn)句中用于第二人稱時(shí)，表示詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求。例如： We will help him if he asks us to do. Will you give him a message when you see him? would 是 will的過(guò)去式，表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的“意志、意愿”， 可用于多種人稱。若表示說(shuō)話人的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求，語(yǔ)氣比will婉轉(zhuǎn)，表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。例如： They said that they would help us. Would you like some coffee? 4. shall 和should 在疑問(wèn)句中，shall用來(lái)征詢對(duì)方意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求指示、用于第一、三人稱。 Where shall we wait for you? Shall I start the work now? should作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示“勸告、建議”，常譯為“應(yīng)該”。 You should keep your promise. Young people should learn new things. should 用于疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中（表示意外、驚異等，意為“竟會(huì)”， 與how, why , who 連用。例如： How should I know? Who should come in but he president himself! 5. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done 表示“可能已經(jīng)……”, “ 想必已經(jīng)……”, “本來(lái)可能……”等意思,是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的判斷。例如： He must have arrived there. 他一定到那兒了。 He can have understood what you had said. 他可能已經(jīng)聽(tīng)懂你所說(shuō)的了。 You could have done it better. 你本來(lái)可以做得更好的。 We ought to have given you more help. 我們本應(yīng)該給你更多幫助的。 You needn’t have told them that. 你本來(lái)不必告訴他們的。 二、 隨堂過(guò)關(guān) I. 用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空。 1) My friend John ____________ to smoke, but now he doesn’t. 2) --- Could I borrow your dictionary? --- Oh, of course you ____________. 3) She __________ bring me little presents when she came to our house. 4) If you want help, let me know, ______________ you? 5) You __________ go to Beijing by air or by train. 6) A soldier __________ shave every morning in that country. 7) --- Shall I tell John about it? --- No, you ___________. I’ve told him already. 8) At that time they thought the story __________ be true. 9) It’s a secret. You _____________ tell other people. 10) ___________ you come a little earlier? II. 單項(xiàng)選擇： 1. He knew he ___________ tell her that. A. ought not B. ought to not C. didn’t ought to D. ought not to 2. In those days, whenever I had difficulties, I ________ Mr. Shen for help. A. used to go to B. was used to go to C. would go to D. used to going to 3. Who _________ to meet us but the manager! A. is coming B. will come C. should come D. has come 4. If we had taken the other road, we ____________ earlier. A. might arrive B. had arrived C. might be arriving D. might have arrived 5. The boy _________ the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult. A. has finished reading B. will finish reading C. can’t have finished reading D. can’t have finished to read 6. I was really anxious about you. You __________ home without a word. A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. can’t have left D. needn’t leave 7. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _________ be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should D. would 8. Mr. Zhang ________ come to the party, but perhaps he will go to see his father. A. must B. should C. may D. ought to 9. --- Must I do it now? --- No, you __________. A. won’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. couldn’t 10. Put on more clothes. You _____ be feeling cold with only a shirt on in such cold winter. A. can B. may C. would D. must 11. This pen ______ his; he was not here in the morning. A. mustn’t B. can not be C. should not be D. may not be 12. The book is borrowed from a friend. You ______ you children put dots and lines here and there. A. shouldn’t be letting B. needn’t have let C. shouldn’t have let D. ought to not have let 13. We came early and had to wait two hours before the ceremony began. We __________. A. should not hurry B. must not have hurried C. need not hurry D. need not have hurried 14. He______ to speak with them but they appeared to be in a hurry. A. would stop B. will stop C. would have stopped D. would be stopping 15. He didn’t even turn his head when I shouted at him. He _______ a deaf man. A. is B. should C. must be D. must have been 16. The mother is telling her son, “You _______ eat with your fingers!” A. wouldn’t B. hadn’t to C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t to 17. He was a good runner so he _______ escape from the police. A. might be B. hadn’t C. was able to D. succeeded to 18. You __________ take your umbrella. I’m sure it won’t rain. A. mustn’t B. don’t have to C. can’t D. shouldn’t 19. Whenever my father had time, he _______ teach me English. A. used to B. was used to C. would D. could 20. --- Need I start from the beginning? --- Yes, you __________. A. need B. do C. can D. must 參考答案 I. 1. used 2. can 3. would 4. will 5. may/can 6. must 7. needn’t 8. might 9. mustn’t 10. could II. 1---5 D C C D C 6---10 B C C B D 11---15 B C D C C 16---20 C C B C D w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m www.ks5u.com 111