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徐 州 工 程 學(xué) 院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) (論 文 ) I 摘要 “保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境,實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展”現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為我們國(guó)家在謀求經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展過(guò) 程中所要遵循的基本方針。面對(duì)土地沙漠化面積的迅速擴(kuò)大和沙塵暴的肆虐一年更盛一 年,國(guó)家除了實(shí)施大規(guī)模的防沙治沙工程和全面退耕還草的重大舉措之外,在農(nóng)業(yè)方面 則一直在積極倡導(dǎo)和推廣應(yīng)用保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)。 小麥免耕播種機(jī)采用的是“動(dòng)力圓盤(pán)斷草、與動(dòng)力圓盤(pán)貼合的夾持式開(kāi)溝器同位分 層播種” 在已覆有秸桿的地中能一次性完成行方向秸桿切斷、同位分層播種和中后鎮(zhèn)壓 等多項(xiàng)作業(yè)的保護(hù)性耕作機(jī)具。 本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型免耕播種機(jī),采用無(wú)動(dòng)力雙圓盤(pán)式開(kāi)溝器,機(jī)具結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,使 用方便,具有碎土作用強(qiáng),不纏草以及具有播種深度精度高,播種均勻,一次作業(yè)能完 成 6 行播種,利于種子的生長(zhǎng),滿足在免耕播種后,對(duì)麥田行向雜草予于鋤除。 關(guān)鍵詞:保護(hù)性耕作機(jī)具;開(kāi)溝器;免耕播種機(jī) 徐 州 工 程 學(xué) 院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) (論 文 ) II Abstract “Ecological environment protection and sustainable development” become the basic policy of our country which now in the economy fast developing process must be followed. Facing the land desertification area's rapid expansion and the sand storm, the country not only implement the large-scale against sand to control the sands the project but also take back from agriculture grass's major step comprehensively, positively has been initiating and promotes the application protection culivation technique in the agricultural aspect. The wheat exempts plows the seeder to use is “the power disc breaks the grass and with power disc fitting clamp type furrow opener isotopic lamination sowing seeds” after duplicate had in the straw place can disposable form a line the direction straw cut-off, isotopic lamination sowing seeds and the suppression and so on many work protection tillage implements. I designed a new exempts in the wheat field work. Using the no power double circular disc type furrow opener, the structure is simple and easy to be operated, which broke earth strongly and does not entangle the grass, as well as has the sowing depth precision to be high, sowing seeds is even, The catcher no-tillage planter can complete 6 sowing seeds, the seed can grows better. Keywords: Protection tillage machine; Furrow opener; Exempts plows the seeder 徐 州 工 程 學(xué) 院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) (論 文 ) 3 目 錄 1 緒論 .1 1.1 引言 .1 1.2 背景及原理介紹 .1 1.3 論文的主要工作和意義 .2 1.4 總體方案的確定 .3 2 動(dòng)力性能的設(shè)計(jì)與校核 .4 2.1 豐收 180 型拖拉機(jī)的配套適應(yīng)性計(jì)算 .4 2.2 拖拉機(jī)液壓提升能力計(jì)算 .6 2.3 機(jī)組操向穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算 .7 2.4 坡道極限傾翻角計(jì)算 .8 3 主要部件的設(shè)計(jì) .9 3.1 軸的設(shè)計(jì) .9 3.1.1 傳動(dòng)軸的設(shè)計(jì) 9 3.1.2 軸的計(jì)算與校核 .10 3.1.3 鍵的選擇與校核 .16 3.2 鏈輪的設(shè)計(jì) 18 3.2.1 鏈輪的計(jì)算 .18 3.2.2 鏈輪的材料 .25 3.3 鏈的選擇 .25 3.4 開(kāi)溝器的設(shè)計(jì) 25 3.5 側(cè)傳動(dòng)箱的設(shè)計(jì) 26 3.5.1 鏈輪材料的選擇 .28 3.6 播種部分的傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì) 28 3.6.1 傳動(dòng)方式的選擇 .28 3.6.2 鏈傳動(dòng)比 .29 3.7 播種施肥器總成 29 4 總結(jié) 30 致 謝 31 參考 文獻(xiàn) .32 附錄 .33 附錄 1 33 附錄 2 40