中考英語 第二輪 語法專題聚焦 專題七 形容詞和副詞課件.ppt
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專題七 形容詞和副詞,山西專用,考點一 形容詞 1.作定語 ①修飾名詞時,一般放在名詞的前面。如: He lives in a beautiful house.他住在一座漂亮的房子里。 ②修飾復合不定代詞時,必須后置。如: I have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事情要告訴你。 ③else修飾疑問代詞和復合不定代詞時,只能后置。如: Would you like something else?你還要別的東西嗎? ④enough修飾名詞時,既可前置,也可后置。如: We have enough time to finish the work.我們有足夠的時間來完成這項工作。 He ran fast enough to catch the bus.他跑得很快,足夠趕上公共汽車了。,⑤多個形容詞修飾名詞時,其順序為: 限定詞(冠詞/指示代詞/形容詞性物主代詞/數(shù)詞)→表示觀點的描繪性形容詞→表示大小、長短、高低的形容詞→表示形狀的形容詞→表示年齡、新舊的形容詞→表示顏色的形容詞→表示國籍地區(qū)出處的形容詞→表示物質、材料的形容詞→表示類別的形容詞(或名詞)中心詞。如: two round blue plastic plates兩個圓形的藍色塑料盤子 two big round new Chinese wooden chairs兩張圓形的新的中式木質椅子 【口訣】限定描繪大長高,形狀年齡和新老,顏色國際跟材料,作用類別往后靠。,2.作表語 ①形容詞經常放在系動詞后面作表語,初中階段常見的跟形容詞作表語的動詞有:be,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,seem,get,become,turn等。如: The milk smells terrible.牛奶聞起來很難聞。 ②有些形容詞只能作表語,如:afraid害怕的,alike相像的,alone孤獨的,asleep睡著的,awake醒著的,alive活著的,ill生病的等。如: She cleaned the room while her baby was asleep.她在孩子睡著時打掃了房間。,3.作賓語補足語 形容詞放在賓語之后,進一步補充說明賓語,作賓語補足語。如: I felt it easy to learn English well.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學好英語是很容易的。 4.特殊句型 ①It is+adj.+of sb.+不定式 表示某人做某事怎么樣。of sb.句型中的形容詞一般表示性格和品德,如:good,kind,nice,clever,polite等。 ②It is +adj.+for sb.+不定式 表示對某人來說做某事怎么樣。for sb.句型中的形容詞一般要表示事物的特征。如:interesting,easy,useful,dangerous,safe等。,1.There isn't much traffic near his house.He lives in a ____neighborhood. A.quiet B.noisy C.dirty 2.—Can you tell the differences between these two pictures? —Differences?Oh,no.They look quite . A.different B.similar C.strange 3.—What was Jim wearing at the party? —Nothing ________.He was in his usual shirt and jeans. A.simple B.special C.important 4.It's _______to listen to light music when you feel tired. A.dangerous B.scary C.relaxing 5.My family and I had a(an) _____trip in Taiwan because of the typhoon and rainstorm. A.suitable B.unpleasant C.comfortable,A,B,B,C,B,考點二 副詞 1.副詞的作用 副詞是表示行為特征或性狀特征的詞。主要用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句。在句中主要用作狀語,也可用作表語或賓語補足語,有時還可以作定語。如: Sometimes we're very busy.有時候我們非常忙。 I met an old friend on my way home.我在回家的路上遇到一個老朋友。,2.副詞的構成,【注意】 ?有些以ly結尾的詞是形容詞而非副詞。如:lovely可愛的,lively有生氣的,friendly友好的,lonely孤獨的,daily日常的,likely有希望的等。 ?有些副詞有兩種形式,其中一種形式與形容詞相同,另一種形式是在形容詞后加-ly,意義有區(qū)別。常見的有:,3.副詞的分類和位置 ①方式副詞(放在不及物動詞之后或及物動詞之前),②時間副詞(一般放在句尾),③頻度副詞(行為動詞之前或助動詞、情態(tài)動詞及be動詞之后),④程度副詞(被修飾的形容詞或副詞前,情態(tài)動詞或助動詞之后。enough修飾形容詞或副詞時須后置),⑤疑問副詞(通常置于句首),4.部分常用副詞的用法 ①too,either,also這三個副詞都表示“也”,但too用于肯定句末,either用于否定句末,also放在句中或句首。如:She can dance,and I can dance,too. I haven't read the book and my brother hasn't either. They have also been to Disneyland. ②already,yet 一般情況下already多用于肯定句,而yet一般用于否定句和疑問句。如:He has already left. Have you heard from him yet?He hasn't answered yet. ③so,neither 這兩個副詞都可用于倒裝句, 但so表示肯定,neither表示否定。如:Mike likes football and so do I. My brother doesn't like dancing and neither do I.,1.The sun is shining ____.You'd better wear sunglasses while you are out. A.brightly B.lightly C.heavily 2.The city of Harbin is beautiful all the year around, ______in winter.Ice lanterns decorate streets and attract plenty of tourists. A.especially B.generally C.probably 3.I don't think fast food is good for our health,so I ____ eat it. A.usually B.hardly C.always 4.—What sweet music! —So it is.Soft music usually makes us ____ . A.upset B.relaxed C.nervous 5.—Don't you know me?I'm Lucy,your cousin. —I'm really sorry.I can't see _____ without glasses. A. nearly B. quickly C. clearly,A,A,B,B,C,考點三 形容詞和副詞的比較等級 1.形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的構成 ①規(guī)則變化,②不規(guī)則變化,③下列單、雙音節(jié)詞只能加more和most,2.形容詞、副詞等級的用法 (1)原級的用法 ①由表示程度的副詞:very,quite,so,too,rather,enough,quite等修飾時,一般用形容詞原級。如:He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。 ②as.as. 和……一樣(中間用原級) not as(so).as和……不一樣(中間用原級) 如:Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。 Tom is twice as old as Kate.湯姆的年齡是凱特的兩倍。 This room is not so/as big as that one.這個房間不如那個大。,(2)比較級的用法 ①由表示程度的副詞:much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,a few,rather,any,even,still等修飾時,用形容詞或副詞的比較級。 ②.than. ……比…… 如: Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。 ③選擇疑問句中,二選一時 如: Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?哪一個更大,地球還是月球? ④用比較級表示最高級的意思 如: The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.在中國,長江比其他任何一條河都長。 ⑤“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……” 如: He is getting taller and taller.他長得越來越高了。 The flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮了。,⑥“the+比較級,the+比較級”表示“越……,就越……” 如: The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you'll make.你越認真,犯的錯誤就越少。 ⑦在比較級中為了避免重復,在than后常用one,that,those等詞來替代前面提到過的名詞。如: The weather here is warmer than that in Shanghai.這里的天氣比上海的暖和。 ⑧表示倍數(shù)的比較。如: This room is three times bigger than that one.這個房間比那個大三倍。,(3)最高級的用法 ①形容詞最高級前一定要用the,副詞最高級前可省略the。形容詞最高級前面可以有物主代詞、指示代詞,名詞所有格等修飾,但此時不能再加定冠詞。如: She is my best friend.她是我最好的朋友。 ②有范圍(in,of,among或從句等)修飾的用最高級。如: Winter is the coldest season of the year.冬季是一年里最冷的季節(jié)。 This is the best film that I have ever seen.這是我所看過的電影當中最好看的一部。 ③“主語+be+one of the+形容詞最高級+復數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……之一”。如: Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國最大的城市之一。,④選擇疑問句中用于三者或三者以上的比較。如: Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?哪一個國家最大,中國,巴西還是加拿大? Which season do you like (the) best,spring,summer or autumn?你最喜歡哪一個季節(jié),春天,夏天還是秋天? ⑤表示“第幾個最……”時,用“the+序數(shù)詞+最高級+名詞單數(shù)”的結構。如: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國的第二長河。,1.—Mum,could you buy me a phone like Apple 5 if I pass the exam? —Of course,we can buy ____one than that,but it. A.a better; better than B.a popular; as good as C.a cheaper; as good as 2.—How do you usually go to work? —On foot.Walking is much ____ than driving during the heavy traffic time. A.fast B.faster C.fastest 3.I think Bob is the suitable person to take the job because he can do the work well with ____ money and people. A.less; fewer B.less;more C.more;fewer 4.I'm sorry I'm late.I should get here 10 minutes ____. A.earlier B.the earlier C.the earliest 5.—Is Lily's home ______ away from school than Linda's? —Yes,it is.Lily lives two miles away but Linda lives nearby. A.far B.farther C.farthest,C,B,A,A,B,6.—What do you think of the movie? —Not bad.It's much _____ than I expected. A.good B.better C.best 7.I know you are shorter than your brothers,but you run ____. A.more faster B.fastest C.more fast 8.—Dad,would you please drive _____? —No hurry.We have enough time before the plane takes off. A.faster B.more slowly C.more carefully 9.—Which season do you like _____,summer or winter? —Summer. A.well B.best C.better 10.Ted was hard-working.His success made him work _____. A.harder B.hardest C.more quickly,B,A,C,A,B,- 配套講稿:
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