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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)話題語(yǔ)篇專攻練4語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)一外研版 Ⅰ. 閱讀理解 A CAN YOU IMAGINE HOW HARD IT WOULD BE TO READ SENTENCES LIKE THIS? Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a second thought. Actually, the ancient Greeks wrote this way. The lack of punctuation marks probably didn’t bother good readers, though. As they read, they just put pauses where they fit best. Also at this time, sentences switched directions. A sentence read from left to right. The next one read right to left, and then left to right again, etc. The ancient Romans sometimes punctuated like this: They put something that can separate words in a sentence. The word punctuation actually es from this idea and the Latin word “punctum”, which means a dot. When the 5th century arrived, there were just two punctuation marks: spaces and points. The spaces separated words while the points showed pauses in reading. Then in the 13th century, a printer named Aldus Manutius tried to standardize punctuation. He always used a period for a plete stop at the end of a sentence. He used a slash(/)to indicate a short pause. Over time, that slash was shortened and curled, and it became the modern ma(逗號(hào)). Since that time, other marks have enlarged the punctuation family. The exclamation mark(感嘆號(hào))es from the Latin word “io”. It means “exclamation of joy”. The question mark originally started out as the Latin word “questio”, meaning question. Eventually, scholars put it at the end of a sentence to show a question. Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays. New marks are ing into existence, and old punctuation marks are used in new ways. Take for example the “interrobang”. This 1962 invention bines the question mark and exclamation mark for times when writers want both. For example, “She did what? ” or “How much did you pay for that dress? ”O(jiān)bviously, the interrobang is not widely used or recognized yet, but its invention shows that English is not yet finished with its punctuation. 【文章大意】文章介紹了標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的出現(xiàn)及逐步發(fā)展的過(guò)程, 并且它還在變化發(fā)展中。 1. From the first paragraph, we can know that______. A. good readers had trouble reading without punctuation marks B. a sentence always read from left to right in ancient Greece C. ancient Greeks switched the direction of punctuation marks D. the use of punctuation marks can date back to ancient times 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。第一段講述了古希臘、古羅馬時(shí)期沒(méi)有標(biāo)點(diǎn), 人們讀句子的情況及標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)最后一句“The word punctuation actually es from this idea and the Latin word ‘punctum’, which means a dot. ”可知開(kāi)始有了標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的使用, 故選D。 2. The passage is developed______. A. by time　　　　　　　 　 B. by space C. by parison D. by importance 【解析】選A。推理判斷題。第一段的ancient Greeks和ancient Romans, 第二段的the 5th century, 第三段的Since that time和最后一段的nowadays可知文章是按時(shí)間順序?qū)懙摹? 3. We can learn from the passage that______. A. ancient Romans didn’t use any punctuation marks B. exclamation and question marks came from Latin C. spaces and slashes were already used before the 5th century D. Aldus Manutius first started to use mas 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段The exclamation mark es from the Latin word “io”. It means “exclamation of joy”. The question mark originally started out as the Latin word “questio”, meaning question. 可知感嘆號(hào)和問(wèn)號(hào)都來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ), 故選B。 4. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. The bination of two marks will not work. B. It takes time for people to accept new punctuation marks. C. Old punctuation marks need to be standardized. D. Punctuation marks are still changing today. 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的首句“Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays. New marks are ing into existence, and old punctuation marks are used in new ways. ”及下面的例子可知本段在講標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)也是在不斷發(fā)展中的, 故選D。 B (xx·南陽(yáng)模擬) Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home. What to Expect 　　The host will provide acmodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health. Acmodation Zones 　　Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is mercial and not residential(居住的). Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger acmodation in a less crowded area. It is very convenient to travel in London by underground. Meal Plans Available ◇Continental Breakfast ◇Breakfast and Dinner ◇Breakfast, Packed Lunch and Dinner 　　It’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your acmodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal, bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert, fruit and coffee. Friends 　　If you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host’s permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy. Self-Catering Acmodation in Private Homes 　　Acmodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room. This kind of acmodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practice English at home quite as much. 【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明類文章。文章為那些到英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ), 打算寄宿在英國(guó)家庭中的學(xué)生們介紹了寄宿的相關(guān)信息。 5. The passage is probably written for______. A. hosts willing to receive foreign students B. foreigners hoping to build British culture C. English learners applying to live in English homes D. travelers planning to visit families in London 【解析】選C。推理判斷題。由全文尤其是第一段可知, 這篇文章是為那些到英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ), 打算寄宿在一個(gè)英國(guó)家庭的學(xué)生介紹了寄宿的相關(guān)信息。故C選項(xiàng)正確。 6. According to the passage, what does Continental Breakfast include? A. Dessert and coffee. 　　 B. Bread and fruit juice. C. Fruit and vegetables. 　 D. Cereal and cold meat. 【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Meal Plans Available部分中的“Continental Breakfast, which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal, bread and tea or coffee”可知選B。 7. Why do some people choose self-catering acmodation? A. To experience a warmer family atmosphere. B. To enrich their knowledge of English. C. To entertain friends as they like. D. To enjoy much more freedom. 【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“This kind of acmodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable forthe long-stay student”可知, self-catering acmodation為住宿學(xué)生提供比較獨(dú)立的生活方式, 所以學(xué)生們可以享受到更多的自由。故D選項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 (xx·廣州模擬) I was in the fifth grade when I first dipped my fingers into the endless ocean of expression and allowed my hands to grow a(n)__1__. I remember my hands being sweaty as I wandered__2__into her classroom. From corner to corner, the__3__were decorated with clippings(剪報(bào))and posters__4__ Deafness and American Sign Language. Pictures of__5__hands hung from the bulletin boards(宣傳牌). Once the rest of my classmates__6__in their seats, she began. She did not speak. Her hands__7__about gracefully as she signed, “Hello. My name is Ms Lewison. What is your name? ”These signs did not__8__until later that week, but still I sat upright at my desk, trying to figure them out. My entire first impression of her was“__9__”. As months passed, my class transformed to an unusually large family. Ms Lewison was like our__10__. When we were feeling troubled, we just let our__11__do the talking. The lesson became less about following the lesson itself and more about__12__. Ms Lewison performed a tough task. She__13__replaced all the ignorance in me with__14__. Then she opened my__15__and opened it even wider. She would find time to turn me into a__16__signer. She taught me that there are no limits and my abilities are__17__. Today my fingers have learned to__18__. Ms Lewison pushed me__19__into the ocean of Deaf culture and I have bee a strong swimmer in diverse__20__. 【文章大意】文章介紹Ms Lewison訓(xùn)練作者成為流利的手語(yǔ)者, 讓他在不同的領(lǐng)域暢游。 1. A. order B. picture C. voice D. poster 【解析】選C?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)上文“when I first dipped my fingers into the endless ocean of expression”可知, 作者讓手指發(fā)出聲音(voice)。故選C。 2. A. calmly B. anxiously C. quickly　 D. excitedly 【解析】選B?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)上文“my hands being sweaty”可知, 作者手心冒汗焦慮地走進(jìn)她的課堂。anxiously焦慮地。故選B。 3. A. desks B. ocean C. students D. walls 【解析】選D。考查語(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)“were decorated with clippings and posters”可知, 墻上裝飾著剪報(bào)和海報(bào)。 4. A. related to B. caused by C. aimed at　 D. contributing to 【解析】選A。考查語(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)Deafness and American Sign Language. 可知, 這些海報(bào)是關(guān)于失聰和美國(guó)手勢(shì)語(yǔ)的。relate to關(guān)于。故選A。 5. A. weling B. outstanding C. waving D. signing 【解析】選D。考查語(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)Deafness and American Sign Language可知, 宣傳牌上懸掛著打手勢(shì)的手的圖片。signing打手勢(shì)。故選D。 6. A. seated B. settled C. backed D. locked 【解析】選B?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)句意: 其余的同學(xué)安坐在座位上, 她開(kāi)始授課。settle in坐定。 7. A. flowed B. flew C. came D. wandered 【解析】選B?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)下文“as she signed”可知, 她的手做手勢(shì)的時(shí)候上下飛舞。fly飛。故選B。 8. A. make sense B. draw attention C. catch sight D. hold breath 【解析】選A?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)下文“trying to figure them out. ”可知, 這些手勢(shì)對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō)還沒(méi)有意義。make sense有意義。故選A。 9. A. strange B. dull C. silent D. strict 【解析】選C?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)上文“as she signed, Hello. My name is Ms Lewison. What is your name? ”可知, 作者對(duì)Ms Lewison的第一印象是沉默(silent)。故選C。 10. A. teacher B. mother C. friend D. partner 【解析】選B。考查語(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)上文“As months passed, my class transformed to an unusually large family. ”可知, Ms Lewison就像我們的媽媽(mother)。故選B。 11. A. bodies B. hearts C. hands D. eyes 【解析】選C?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。當(dāng)我們有困難的時(shí)候, 我們用手勢(shì)語(yǔ)交流。 12. A. life B. language C. signs D. love 【解析】選A?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)上文“When we were feeling troubled, ”可知, 課程不太像課程本身, 而是更多的關(guān)于生活。故選A。 13. A. successfully B. finally C. easily D. unwillingly 【解析】選A?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)上文“Ms Lewison performed a tough task. ”可知, Ms Lewison成功地用______代替我的無(wú)知。successfully成功地。故選A。 14. A. confidence B. patience C. freedom　 D. curiosity 【解析】選D?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)下文“Then she opened my______and opened it even wider. ”可知, 作者心里充滿了好奇(curiosity)。故選D。 15. A. mouth B. fingers C. arms D. mind 【解析】選D。考查語(yǔ)境邏輯。她打開(kāi)了我的思維。mind思維。故選D。 16. A. unique B. clever C. fluent D. special 【解析】選C?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。句意: 她花時(shí)間將我變成流利的手語(yǔ)員。fluent流利的。故選C。 17. A. uncertain B. strong C. flexible　 D. endless 【解析】選D?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)上文“there are no limits”可知, 她告訴我沒(méi)有限制, 我的能力是無(wú)止境的。endless無(wú)止境的。故選D。 18. A. dip B. dance C. swim D. think 【解析】選B?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)上文可知, 作者學(xué)會(huì)手語(yǔ), 手學(xué)會(huì)舞蹈(dance)。故選B。 19. A. gently B. hardly C. firmly D. heavily 【解析】選A?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。句意: Ms Lewison溫柔地將我推進(jìn)聾啞人文化的海洋。gently溫柔地。故選A。 20. A. classes B. worlds C. waters D. families 【解析】選C?？疾檎Z(yǔ)境邏輯。根據(jù)“a strong swimmer”可知, 作者成為在不同領(lǐng)域的佼佼者。waters水域。故選C。 Ⅲ. 語(yǔ)法填空 閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 I am now a good student in my class. But you don’t know that 1. ________I started senior English in the beginning. I found it difficult and quite different from what we 2. ________(learn)in junior school. Now I still remember a teacher who taught me at that time. 3. ________teacher is a good teacher because she always tries her best to be the one whose classes are more active and lively with some 4. ________ (story) and examples. 5. ________the help of my teacher, I realized the 6. ________(important)of English, so I was 7. ________(determine)to learn English well. My teacher suggested that we 8. ________(read)more if we want to improve our English, so every day I would do some English reading. She also told us lessons learned in classes could help us deal with exams, but even 9. ________(valuable)were the lessons learned in extra-curricular activities in school. I like my English teacher very much. Now I have made 10. ________great progress in my English study that I am more interested in learning it than before. 【文章大意】高中階段作者在老師的幫助下對(duì)英語(yǔ)有了興趣, 取得了大的進(jìn)步。 1. 【解析】when。when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句, 句意: 當(dāng)我開(kāi)始學(xué)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候……。 2. 【解析】had learned?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)此句中found及句意可知小學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去, 故需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 3. 【解析】The。用the特指上文提到的那位老師。 4. 【解析】stories。考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)句意及提示詞some可知此處應(yīng)用story的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 5. 【解析】With。固定短語(yǔ)。with the help of在……的幫助下。 6. 【解析】importance。importance作動(dòng)詞realize的賓語(yǔ)使用名詞形式。 7. 【解析】determined。固定短語(yǔ)be determined to do sth. , 下定決心做某事。 8. 【解析】read。考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。suggest(建議)后面的句子用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。 9. 【解析】more valuable。考查形容詞比較級(jí)。valuable的比較級(jí)需在其前加more。 10. 【解析】such。progress為名詞, 用such修飾。