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第27講 動詞的時態(tài),【名題實戰(zhàn)】 1．Many houses __ __ by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless.(2015，廣州) A．damaged B．were damaged C．were damaging D．a(chǎn)re damaged 2．—Lily，will you go to Jenny's birthday party this Saturday? —I'm not sure.Because I __ __ so far.(2015，泰安) A．have invited B．wasn't invited C．haven't been invited D．will be invited,B,C,3．You can't wear shoes inside this place.It __ __．(2015，江西) A．doesn't allow B．isn't allowed C．hasn't allowed D．wasn't allowed 4．The novel __ __ by many people today.(2015，天津) A．is read B．a(chǎn)re read C．reads D．were read 5．—Did Jack come to our party yesterday? —No，he __ __．(2015，克拉瑪依) A．didn't invite B．wasn't invited C．isn't invited D．hasn't invited,B,A,B,【考點梳理】 甘肅各地市中考對動詞語態(tài)的考查主要是不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)和含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。 動詞的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。若主語是動作的發(fā)出者則為主動語態(tài)；主語是動作的接受者則為被動語態(tài)。 注意：動詞中，只有及物動詞有被動語態(tài)。,高頻考點一 常見時態(tài)的被動語態(tài) ①一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are＋done.如： It is made in China 它是中國制造的。 ②一般過去時：was/were＋done.如： The bridge was built in 1980.這座橋建于1980年。 ③一般將來時：will＋be＋done.如： She will be trained by her father.她將受訓(xùn)于她爸爸。 ④情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞＋be＋done.如： Work must be done in two days.工作必須在兩天之內(nèi)完成。 ⑤現(xiàn)在完成時：have/has＋been＋done.如： The room has been cleaned.房間已經(jīng)被打掃干凈了。,【例1】 —At present，one of the best ways to study is working in groups. —You're right.More chances________to students to learn from each other. A．offer B．a(chǎn)re offered C．have offered D．a(chǎn)re offering 解析：“機會”和“提供”之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。 答案：__B__,【例2】 The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France.His new book ________ into French as soon as it came out. A．was translated B．translated C．is translated D．translates 解析：“他的新書”作主語，應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)；且從句的動作與主句的動作幾乎同時發(fā)生，從句為一般過去時，主句也應(yīng)使用一般過去時。 答案：__A__,【例3】 In the past few years，thousands of films ________ all over the world. A．have produced B．have been produced C．a(chǎn)re producing D．a(chǎn)re being produced 解析：由“in the past few years在過去的幾年里”可知要用現(xiàn)在完成時?！癴ilms”作主語，須用被動語態(tài)。 答案：__B__,高頻考點二 語態(tài)用法的難點 ①某些動詞形式是主動語態(tài)，但含有被動的意思。如： This dictionary sells well.這種字典很暢銷。 The woolen sweater costs $88.這件羊毛衫賣88美元。 The car needs repairing.＝That car needs to be repaired.那輛車需要修理。 The soup tastes delicious.這湯嘗起來味道很好。,②主動語態(tài)中有些動詞，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)要帶上to。如： He made the boy work for him.＝The boy was made to work for him.這男孩被迫為他工作。 ③動詞短語變成被動短語時，動詞短語后面的介詞或副詞不能省略。如： The baby was looked after by her sister.這嬰兒由她姐姐照顧。 His plan was laughed at by everyone.他的計劃遭到每個人的嘲笑。,④形容詞cheap，comfortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式作狀語時，不定式的主動形式表被動意義。如： A bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行車是很經(jīng)濟的。 This question is difficult to answer.這個問題很難回答。 ⑤形容詞worth后接動名詞時，該動名詞的主動形式表被動意義。如： The book is worth reading.這本書值得一讀。,【例4】 The books ________ well. A．sell B．sells C．is sold D．a(chǎn)re selling 解析：本句中主語the books是復(fù)數(shù)，sell well意為“暢銷”。句意為“這些書很暢銷”。 答案：__A__,【例5】 This pair of shoes________hand，and it ________very comfortable. A．is made with；is felt B．a(chǎn)re made from；is felt C．a(chǎn)re made of；feels D．is made by；feels 解析：“這雙鞋是由手工制成的，它感覺起來很舒服?！敝髡Zthis pair of shoes是謂語動詞動作的承受者，故用被動語態(tài)，且主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，用is made by；feel為連系動詞，不能用被動語態(tài)。 答案：__D__,【例6】 If you see the cartoon film，you will________laugh. A．be made B．be made to C．made to D．make 解析：“如果你看到這部動畫電影，你將會被逗笑”可以判斷用被動語態(tài)。動詞make在主動語態(tài)中，后面跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓補，而變成被動語態(tài)時to必須加上。 答案：__B__,一、單項選擇。 1．—How clean your car is! —Thank you.It __ __ very often.(2015，重慶A/C卷) A．is washed B．washes C．was washed D．washed 2．Our new library __ __ last year.We enjoy reading and studying in it.(2015，重慶B卷) A．builds B．built C．is built D．was built 3．These model cars __ __ in China in 2013.(2015，北京) A．a(chǎn)re made B．were made C．make D．made,A,D,B,4．You can't wear shoes inside this place.It __ __．(2015，南昌) A．doesn't allow B．isn't allowed C．hasn't allowed D．wasn't allowed 5．Tourists' bad behavior __ __ by the government in our country from now on. A．will record B．will be recorded C．records D．is recorded,B,B,二、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 6．—I want to borrow the book，but I don't know how long it may ________ (keep)． —For two weeks. 7．The Beijing-Hainan airline ___________(open) for about 5 months.I _________(take) the flights three times. 8．—Jack，your room is dirty.It should _________(clean) right away. —Sorry，I'll do it right now. 9．The book ____________(sell) out already. 10．—How often do I need to feed the dog? —It must _________(give) food every day，or it will be hungry.,be kept,has been open,have taken,be cleaned,has been sold,be given,