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第4講 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語,1. （2013·浙江高考）When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to ______ it with important points. A. conclude B. lead C. avoid D. hold 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)小組討論接近尾聲時(shí)，一定要以重點(diǎn)而結(jié)束。conclude結(jié)束；lead指導(dǎo), 指引；avoid避免；hold抓住, 握住。故選A。,2. （2013·江蘇高考）—The town is so beautiful! I just love it. —Me too. The character of the town is well ______. A. qualified B. preserved C. decorated D. simplified 【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：——這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)真美！我很喜歡?！乙惨粯?。這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的特色保持得很好。qualify有資格，合格；preserve保護(hù)，保持，腌制；decorate裝飾；simplify使簡化。,3. （2013·天津高考）If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to ______ a hand. A. lend B. shake C. wave D. want 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意：如果你有困難，邁克總是愿意伸出援手。lend借；shake搖動(dòng)；wave揮手；want想。lend a hand幫忙。,4. （2013·新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅰ）Try not to cough more than you can ______ since it may cause problems to your lungs. A. check B. allow C. stop D. help 【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：盡量能控制咳嗽就別咳嗽，因?yàn)闀?huì)傷到肺。check檢查；allow允許；stop停止；help幫助。can help (doing) sth. 表示“阻止或避免（做）某事”。,5. （2013·新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ）The watch was very good, and he ______ 20 percent down for it. A. paid B. cost C. bought D. spent 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意：這塊表很好，他八折買的。pay +money +for sth. 為某物付多少錢；cost表示“花費(fèi)”時(shí)，主語是物不是人；buy sb. sth. /buy sth. for sb. 為某人買某物；spend +money+on sth. /in doing sth. 在某物/做某事上花多少錢。故選A。,6. （2013·江西高考）She ______ the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour. A. connected B. fitted C. equipped D. matched 【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在顏色上，她把地毯和好看的窗簾搭配起來。connect聯(lián)系，連接；fit安裝；equip裝備；match相稱，搭配。根據(jù)句意，選D。,7. （2013·福建高考）Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which ______ spending quite a lot of time with students. A. enjoys B. involves C. practices D. suggests 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意：米歇爾找到了一份當(dāng)高中老師的工作，這份工作涉及和學(xué)生一起度過許多時(shí)間。involve包含，涉及；enjoy享受，喜歡；practice練習(xí)；suggest建議，暗示。,8. （2013·湖北高考）While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple. A. sacrifice B. substitute C. simplify D. survive 【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意：智者經(jīng)常能夠簡化復(fù)雜的問題，而愚人更可能把簡單的事情復(fù)雜化。sacrifice犧牲；substitute替代，頂替；simplify簡化；survive幸存下來。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。,9. （2013·湖北高考）According to the law, all foreigners have to ______ with the local police within two weeks of arrival. A. associate B. dispute C. negotiate D. register 【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意：依據(jù)法律，所有的外國人在到達(dá)后的兩周內(nèi)必須到當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀肿?cè)登記。associate聯(lián)系, 結(jié)交；dispute爭論；negotiate談判；register登記，注冊(cè)。根據(jù)句意可知選D項(xiàng)。,10. （2013·新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ）Would you like to ______ with us to the film tonight? A. come along B. come off C. come across D. come through 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：今晚你愿意和我們一起去看電影嗎？come along一起來，出現(xiàn)，進(jìn)展，趕快；come off實(shí)現(xiàn)，舉行；come across被理解，偶然碰到；come through傳出，恢復(fù)。,11. （2013·浙江高考）Bears ______ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep. A. pack up B. build up C. bring up D. take up 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：熊在整個(gè)夏天和秋天積蓄脂肪以便有足夠的精力度過冬眠期。pack up停止，收工；build up逐漸增加；bring up撫養(yǎng)，使……長大；take up開始從事，占據(jù)（時(shí)間、空間等）。故選 B。,12. （2013·天津高考）I had hoped to take a holiday this year, but I wasn’t able to ______. A. get away B. drop in C. check out D. hold on 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我原本希望今年去度假的，但是我沒能休假。get away離開，逃脫，休假；drop in（順便）拜訪；check out檢查，結(jié)賬離開；hold on堅(jiān)持，別掛斷。根據(jù)句意選A。,13. （2013·陜西高考）My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ______. A. cut out B. cut down C. cut up D. cut off 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我叔叔一直沒能把煙戒掉，但是至少他抽煙少了。cut out停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，刪去；cut down砍倒，縮減；cut up切碎；cut off切斷，切除。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選B。,14. （2013·新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅰ）At the last moment, Tom decided to ______ a new character to make the story seem more likely. A. put up B. put in C. put on D. put off 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在最后一刻，湯姆決定添加一個(gè)新的角色以使故事感覺更真實(shí)。put up舉起，建立；put in 加入，放入；put on穿上，上演；put off 推遲。,15. （2013·安徽高考）Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they ______ on their life journey. A. give up B. settle down C. get through D. set off 【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：傳統(tǒng)上認(rèn)為，大學(xué)生舉行畢業(yè)典禮是為了在他們開始生活之旅之前為自己加油助威。set off動(dòng)身，出發(fā)；give up放棄；settle down定居，平靜下來，專心于；get through完成，接通（電話等）。,16. （2013·遼寧高考）Briggs will ______ as general manager when Mitchell retires. A. get away B. take over C. set off D. run out 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：Mitchell退休后Briggs將接替她任總經(jīng)理。get away離開，脫身，逃掉；take over接替，接管；set off動(dòng)身，出發(fā)；run out用光，用盡。,17. （2013·江蘇高考）Team leaders must ensure that all members _______ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over 【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)該確保所有成員克服他們的想避免因犯錯(cuò)而產(chǎn)生尷尬的天性。get over克服，解決；look over查看，檢查；take over接管，接任；come over過來，順便來訪，改變立場。,18. （2013·湖北高考）In much of the animal world, night is the time ______ for sleep— pure and simple. A. set aside B. set down C. set off D. set up 【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在動(dòng)物世界里，夜晚是專門留出睡覺的時(shí)間——純粹而簡單。set aside（專門）留出，撥出；set down寫下，記下；set off動(dòng)身，出發(fā)，引起，引爆；set up建立。根據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。,熱點(diǎn)考向 1 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析 1. 主要考點(diǎn)：考查常見動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。強(qiáng)調(diào)語言的情境化，把動(dòng)詞放在鮮活的語境中進(jìn)行考查。 2. 突破技巧：這類試題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往結(jié)構(gòu)相同，詞形或意義相近。要做好這類試題，必須從各個(gè)動(dòng)詞的語意差別、用法特點(diǎn)等方面入手，然后結(jié)合題意選用合適的動(dòng)詞。,【真題變式】根據(jù)提示完成句子。 ①(2012·天津高考)Parents and children should communicate more to __________________________(縮小他們之間的隔閡) so that they can understand each other better. ②(2011·江蘇高考)—Are you still mad at her? —Not really, but I _________(不能否認(rèn))that her remarks hurt me.,narrow the gap between them,can’t deny,熱點(diǎn)考向 2 高頻動(dòng)詞短語意義辨析 主要考點(diǎn)：對(duì)動(dòng)詞短語意義的考查主要集中于高頻的動(dòng)詞短語，如break, bring, call, come, get, go, make, take, turn, put, pick, hold, keep, look, carry, set, cut, show，pull等構(gòu)成的短語需要特別關(guān)注：,1. break break away from 放棄，打破；與……脫離關(guān)系 break down 發(fā)生故障；（計(jì)劃、談判）失??； （精神、身體）垮掉；分解 break in 闖入，插嘴 break into 闖入 break out （戰(zhàn)爭、瘟疫等）爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生 break up 打碎，分手，分開，關(guān)系破裂,2. bring bring about 導(dǎo)致，造成，引起 bring down 使倒下，使降低 bring in 引進(jìn)；帶來；賺得；收獲 bring forward 提出；提前 bring out 出版；生產(chǎn)；使顯現(xiàn) bring up 撫養(yǎng)，教育；提出；嘔吐,3. call call for 要求；需要；去取或去接…… call back 回電話；回憶起 call in 召集；請(qǐng)；召來；順便來訪 call up 打電話給；召集；使想起 call off 取消 call on 號(hào)召，拜訪,4. come come about 發(fā)生 come to 蘇醒；總計(jì) come across 偶遇；無意中發(fā)現(xiàn) come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)，成為現(xiàn)實(shí)（不及物） come out 出版；結(jié)果是 come up （建議、計(jì)劃等）被提出 come up with 提出（建議、計(jì)劃、方案等） come on [口語]（催促）快點(diǎn)；（鼓勵(lì)）來吧， 加油；(不耐煩)得了，算了吧！,5. get get across 解釋清楚；使……被理解 get away from 避免；擺脫，逃離 get away with 僥幸成功；僥幸做成 get around 四處走動(dòng)；傳播開來 get down to 開始認(rèn)真做某事 get along/on with 進(jìn)展；與……相處 get over 克服；從……恢復(fù)或康復(fù) get rid of 擺脫；除去 get through 通過；完成；接通電話,6. give give away 贈(zèng)送；泄露；分發(fā) give back 歸還 give in 屈服；讓步；投降；認(rèn)輸 give out 分發(fā)；發(fā)出；公布，發(fā)表；用盡； 筋疲力盡 give up 放棄，對(duì)……不再抱有希望,7. go go against 違背；不利于；反對(duì) go ahead 開始（做某事）；（表示同意對(duì)方提出 的要求或建議）說吧！做吧！開始吧！ go around 參觀；(消息)傳播 go by 過去；經(jīng)過 go down 下降；下沉 go on 繼續(xù)；發(fā)生；進(jìn)行 go over 復(fù)習(xí)，仔細(xì)檢查,go through 穿過；經(jīng)歷；仔細(xì)檢查 go with 與……相配 go without 沒有……也行 8. hold hold back 猶豫不決；隱瞞；阻止；抑制 hold on=hang on 別掛斷電話；等一會(huì)兒；堅(jiān)持下去 hold out 堅(jiān)持；伸出 hold up 舉起；阻擋，使耽擱 hold on to 緊緊抓??；保持，保留；不放棄,9. keep keep away from 遠(yuǎn)離；避開；回避 keep back 扣下，留下；隱瞞；抑制，克制（感情） keep on 繼續(xù)；堅(jiān)持下去 keep out of 置身于……之外；不卷入，不參與；避開 keep up 保持；繼續(xù)；不低落 keep up with 跟上，不落后；與……并駕齊驅(qū) keep an eye out for 密切注意；留心; 警惕 keep an eye on 照看，留意；密切注視,10. leave leave alone 不打擾；不理，不管 leave behind 留下；丟下，丟棄 leave out 遺漏，忽略 11. look look around 環(huán)顧四周 look away from 把目光從……移開 look into 調(diào)查；窺視 look back on/upon 回憶/回顧,look up 查找，查詢；向上看 look up to 尊敬；敬仰 look down upon 歧視，看不起 look forward to 盼望；期待 look through 瀏覽；快速查看 look out (for) 當(dāng)心，留意，小心 look on 旁觀,12. make make use of 利用 make up 組成；編造；化妝；和解 make up for 補(bǔ)償；彌補(bǔ) make for 走向；有助于；促成，導(dǎo)致 make sense 有意義；有道理；講得通 make sense of 理解；弄明白 make out 理解；分辨出，辨認(rèn)出 make it 成功；成功到達(dá)某地；把某事確定 在某個(gè)時(shí)間,13. put put aside 撇開；暫不考慮；儲(chǔ)蓄 put away 收拾，整理；儲(chǔ)存 put back 把……放回原處；推遲 put forward 提出；撥快 put down 記下，寫下，鎮(zhèn)壓 put out 伸出；撲滅；生產(chǎn)；出版 put up 建造，張貼；提供住宿 put up with 忍受；容忍 put on 穿上，增加，上演,14. set set aside 劃出；留出；撥出 set about doing sth. 著手做某事 set out 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身 set out to do sth. 著手做某事 set off 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；引起；使爆炸 set up 建立（組織、機(jī)構(gòu)），創(chuàng)立,15. turn turn away 走開；轉(zhuǎn)過臉去 turn down 拒絕；關(guān)小，調(diào)低 turn up 開大；出現(xiàn)，到場 turn out 結(jié)果是，證明是；生產(chǎn) turn over 把……翻過來；翻閱，仔細(xì)考慮 turn against 反對(duì)；背叛 turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于,16. take take after 長得像某人 take apart 拆開；拆卸 take back 收回，撤銷 take down 記下；拆卸；取下 take away 帶走，拿走，剝奪 take up 從事，開始做；占據(jù)（時(shí)間、空間）； 著手處理；接著做（停頓的事情，如談話） take in 吸收；接受；理解，欺騙,take off 起飛；脫下；成功，事業(yè)飛黃騰達(dá) take on 呈現(xiàn)；具有；承擔(dān)；雇用 take over 接管，接收 take advantage of 利用 take it/things easy 放松，別緊張 take your time 慢慢來，別著急 take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事 take action 采取行動(dòng),【真題變式】根據(jù)漢語提示用正確的動(dòng)詞短語完成句子。 ①(2012·全國卷Ⅰ)Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can ___________________________(記下)almost every word her teacher says. ②(2012·福建高考)You had better ________(留出)some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic. ③ (2012·陜西高考)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system ___________(出故障，出問題).,put down/set down/write down,set aside,broke down,④ (2012·浙江高考)Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _________________________________ _______________(開始準(zhǔn)備) your business plan. ⑤ (2012·四川高考)It’s surprising that your brother ______ ___(學(xué)會(huì)) Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.,set out to prepare/set about preparing/,begin to prepare,picked,up,熱點(diǎn)考向 3 常見的系動(dòng)詞的用法 1. 表示變化類的系動(dòng)詞，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall, make等。 2. 表示感覺類的系動(dòng)詞，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。 3. 表示狀態(tài)類的系動(dòng)詞，如keep, remain, stand, stay, lie等。,4. 表示“像”類系動(dòng)詞，主要有seem, appear, look, 表示“看起來，似乎，顯得”。 5. 此類系動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)：①只適用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)；②只用于一般時(shí)態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)，不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）。,【真題變式】理解下列句子中畫線詞的用法。 ①(2012·江西高考)We were all agreed that the cottage would _____ a perfect holiday home for the family. 【解析】句中make為系動(dòng)詞，其后接名詞作表語，意為“變 成，成為”。 ②（2010·四川高考）Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what _____ nice. 【解析】句中l(wèi)ooks為系動(dòng)詞，其后接形容詞作表語，意為 “看起來”。,make,looks,熱點(diǎn)考向 4 動(dòng)詞的熟詞生義用法 很多動(dòng)詞在不同的語境中有不同的意義，有的是經(jīng)常使用的意義，有些詞的一些意義學(xué)生不熟悉，因此要進(jìn)行專門復(fù)習(xí)，它們是： 1. act (熟義： v. & n. 行動(dòng)) It will take several hours before the drug really acts. (生義: vi. 起作用) 2. address (熟義： n. 地址；vt. 寫地址) President Obama was scheduled to address the American people on the evening of May 7. (生義: vt. 向……做演說),3. appreciate (熟義：vt. 欣賞，感激，感謝) They soon appreciated that it must be a well-designed trap. (生義: v. 意識(shí)到) 4. attend (熟義：vt. 參加，出席) With several patients to attend that night, the nurse felt very tired. (生義: vt. 照料，照顧) With three kids attending high school in the town, the couple had to work day and night to earn more money. (生義: vt. 上學(xué)),5. count (熟義： n. & v. 計(jì)數(shù)，數(shù)) It is not what you are thinking but what you are doing that counts. (生義: v. 重要，有價(jià)值) 6. escape (熟義：vi. 逃跑，逃脫) I saw a familiar face in the crowd. However, his name escaped me for the moment. (生義: vt. 被忘掉) The harmful gases are escaping from the pipe. (生義: vi. 泄漏，漏出),7. fail (熟義： vi. 失敗) Fresh vegetables used to fail in winter. (生義: vi. 不足，缺乏) With time passing by, his memory is failing. (生義: vi. 衰退) Try as the family might, they failed to find the lost child in the town. (生義: vi. 未能) 8. introduce (熟義： vt. 介紹) When tomatoes were first introduced into Europe, they didn’t accept them at all. (生義: vt. 引入),9. make (熟義：vt. 制造) New laws have been made to protect the interests of the farmers. (生義: vt. 制定) He is making his own trouble by doing this. (生義: vt. 引起，導(dǎo)致，造成) She will make a great teacher. (生義: vt. 成為，使形成),10. observe （熟義： vt. 觀察） Having lived abroad for many years, he still observed the old traditions and customs. (生義: vt. 遵守) Every year, we will observe the traditional Spring Festival in different ways. (生義: vt. 慶祝) 11. promise （熟義：v. &n. 許諾，承諾，諾言） The young man promises to be a great thinker in the future. （生義: vi. 有……的希望，有……的可能性）,12. work (熟義： v. & n. 工作) The medicine will soon work. (生義: vi. 起作用) The machine works very well. (生義：vi. 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)）,【真題變式】正確理解下面畫線動(dòng)詞的含義。 ①(2012·浙江高考)According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to _______ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22. 【解析】從本句中的after reaching the highest level at 22可 知，這里指人的思維能力從27歲開始“下降或衰退”。,decline,②(2011·全國卷Ⅰ)William found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to ___. 【解析】學(xué)生一般理解fail一詞意為“失敗、不及格，未能做 成”，而在本句中fail則意為“衰弱，減弱，消失，衰退”, 本句 意為“威廉發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀越來越困難，因?yàn)樗囊暳﹂_始下降”。,fail,【命題小試】 請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容命制一道考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析的題目。 Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for the talent show dropped out at the last moment. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________,【參考答案】 Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for the talent show ______ at the last moment. A. left out B. got out C. passed out D. dropped out 【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：理查德先生很失望，很多報(bào)名參加這次才藝表演的學(xué)生，在最后時(shí)刻退出了。leave out 遺漏，忽略；get out 出去，離開，逃脫；pass out 昏倒，失去知覺；drop out 退出，輟學(xué)。故正確選項(xiàng)為D。,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 1 語境理解不清，造成短語誤用 (母題)The police ______ to look into the case a week ago, but so far they haven’t found evidence that the man is guilty. A. set about B. set up C. set out D. set down 【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 警方一周前開始調(diào)查這一案件，但是到目前為止，他們還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)男子犯罪的證據(jù)。set out to do sth. 開始做某事，符合句子語境。set about需要跟doing sth. 表示“開始做某事”；set up建立，創(chuàng)立，成立；set down寫下，記下。故選C。,(變式) Joan was unhappy because the news about the earthquake striking her country ______ an attack of homesickness. A. set aside B. set out C. set about D. set off 【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：Joan感到很不高興，因?yàn)樗募亦l(xiāng)遭受地震襲擊的消息引起了她的思鄉(xiāng)之情。set aside留出，把……擱在一邊；set out 出發(fā)，起程；set about著手做某事；set off 引起，激起。故本題正確答案為D。,【誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥】 ①set aside留出（時(shí)間、金錢等）；把……擱在一邊 ②set out to do sth. =set about doing sth. 著手做某事 ③set off出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；引起，激起,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 2 動(dòng)詞的熟詞生義用法誤用 （母題）（2011·安徽高考）As the story ______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops 【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：隨著故事的展開，那位奇特人物的真實(shí)情況被慢慢地揭示出來。develop發(fā)展，展開。,（變式）It was when Chuck Noland was deserted on a lonely island that he began to ______ friendship with a volleyball. A. preserve B. develop C. keep D. value 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意：正是當(dāng)Chuck Noland被拋在一個(gè)荒島上時(shí)，他開始和一只排球建立了友誼。develop friendship with sb. 與某人建立友誼。preserve 保存，保持；keep 保持；value 珍惜。,【誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥】 熟義： vt. 發(fā)展，開發(fā)，研制 生義,vt. 逐漸形成，養(yǎng)成 vt. 患上某種疾病 vt. 沖洗(膠片、照片、膠卷) vi. (指故事)展開,,,develop,1．（2013·天津模擬）Changing the design of a new product may ______ the risk of its production in the market． A. bring about B. come about C. bring up D. come up 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：改變一種新產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)可能在市場上會(huì)對(duì)其生產(chǎn)造成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。bring about 導(dǎo)致，產(chǎn)生；come about 發(fā)生；bring up 撫養(yǎng)，教育，吐出；come up 過來，故正確答案為A。,2. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature was ______ to Chinese writer Mo Yan, whose novel Red Sorghum was successfully filmed in 1987. A. returned B. distributed C. abandoned D. awarded 【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：2012年度諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)被授予了中國作家莫言，他的小說《紅高粱》在1987年被成功拍成了電影。return歸還；distribute 分布，分配；abandon 放棄，遺棄；award 授予，獎(jiǎng)給。故本題正確答案為D。,3. The official ______ to say more about the plan, so the details of it remain secret. A. agreed B. declined C. attempted D. declared 【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：官員婉言拒絕對(duì)計(jì)劃再多說一點(diǎn)，因此它的細(xì)節(jié)仍然是保密的。agree 同意；decline 謝絕；attempt 嘗試，試圖；declare 宣布。由此可知本題選B。,4. Many pupils said they were not happy because varieties of classes ______ their playtime. A. occupied B. wasted C. covered D. divided 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意：許多學(xué)生說他們不快樂，因?yàn)楦鞣N各樣的課占用了他們做游戲的時(shí)間。occupy 占用，侵占；waste 浪費(fèi)；cover 覆蓋，涉及，包括；divide 劃分，使產(chǎn)生分歧。由詞義可知，本題正確答案為A。,5. （2013·合肥模擬）My best friend, Amy, is always supportive, so her friendship undoubtedly ______ a great deal to me. A. devotes B. contributes C. means D. submits 【解析】選C。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我最好的朋友，埃米, 總是支持我，她的友誼對(duì)我來說無疑是非常重要的。devote to 專心于，致力于；contribute to 貢獻(xiàn)，有助于；mean (a lot/a great deal/much) to sb. (某事)對(duì)于某人而言非常重要；submit to 順從，聽命于……。故本題的正確選項(xiàng)為C。,6. At first I was a little worried，but I’m glad that things have ______ quite well for me. A. carried out B. worked out C. figured out D. made out 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：最初我有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心，但是我很高興對(duì)我而言情況已經(jīng)非常不錯(cuò)了。carry out 開展，進(jìn)行，執(zhí)行；work out成功地發(fā)展；figure out 計(jì)算出，理解；make out 理解，看出，認(rèn)出。故選B。,7. We are at your service. Don’t hesitate to ______ us if you have any further problems. A．a(chǎn)ppeal to B. turn to C．come to D. apply to 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我們?cè)笧槟汶S時(shí)服務(wù)，如果還有什么進(jìn)一步的問題，請(qǐng)馬上向我們求助。appeal to 呼吁；turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于；come to 總計(jì)，談到，說到；apply to 適用于。故本題正確選項(xiàng)為B。,8. —Gail is supposed to be here at the meeting tonight. Where is he? —He ______ with the flu and had to stay at home. A. came out B. came up C. came over D. came down 【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞短語。come out with和……出來；come up with想出；come over with和……過來；come down with患(病)。根據(jù)空后面的the flu可知，此處指他患感冒了。故選D。,9. （2013·徐州聯(lián)考）We are disappointed that the rainy weather has ______ a picnic for the weekend. A. ruled out B. turned out C. brought out D. taken out 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：陰雨天氣讓周末的野餐成為了泡影，我們感到很失望。 rule out 阻止……的發(fā)生，使……成為不可能；turn out 結(jié)果是，生產(chǎn)；bring out 出版，使顯現(xiàn)；take out 取出，去掉。故本題正確選項(xiàng)為A。,10. Tom received a promotion to the role of assistant manager and was the youngest person to ______ that post in this international company. A. adopt B. occupy C. acquire D. seek 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意：湯姆受到提拔擔(dān)任了助理經(jīng)理的角色。他是這家跨國公司中最年輕的擔(dān)任這一職位的人。adopt 采納，收養(yǎng)；occupy 占據(jù)，擔(dān)任職務(wù)或處于某一地位；acquire 獲得；seek 尋找。故本題正確選項(xiàng)為B。,11. （2013·蘇州模擬）A yellow taxi ______ alongside a truck at the traffic lights when an elderly woman was crossing the road. A. brought up B. took up C. pulled up D. put up 【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：正當(dāng)一位老太太穿越馬路時(shí)，一輛黃色的出租車在交通燈處停在了一輛卡車旁邊。bring up 撫養(yǎng)，提出，吐出；take up 從事，占據(jù)（時(shí)間、空間）；pull up 停下，停車，拔掉；put up 舉起，張貼，建造。依據(jù)題意。本題正確選項(xiàng)為C。,12. (2013·杭州模擬)Some people have no idea that by helping a criminal they could ______ with a prison sentence. A. come up B. end up C. put up D. catch up 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：有些人不知道，幫助罪犯會(huì)導(dǎo)致自己被判刑。end up with結(jié)局是，符合題意。come up with提出；put up with忍受；catch up with追上，趕上。,13. The young man, who had rushed into the fire to save the old man, ______ rewarding. A. reserved B. deserved C. preserved D. deserted 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意：沖進(jìn)大火救老人的年輕人值得獎(jiǎng)賞。reserve 預(yù)訂，保留；deserve 應(yīng)受，應(yīng)得，其后可以接名詞、動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式或不定式的被動(dòng)式; preserve 保存，保護(hù)，保鮮；desert 遺棄。根據(jù)句意，B項(xiàng)正確。,14. (2013·金華模擬) After several rounds of I’m a Singer competition, Yu Quan ______ because of their excellent voices and performances. A. put out B. picked out C. broke out D. stood out 【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：《我是歌手》經(jīng)過幾輪的比賽之后，羽泉因?yàn)樗麄兂錾穆曇艉捅硌菝摲f而出。put out熄滅，撲滅，出版；pick out選出；break out(戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)等的)發(fā)生；stand out突出，顯眼，引人注目。,15. I’d ______ his reputation with other businessmen, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan. A. live up with B. make up for C. come to light D. take into account 【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我會(huì)考慮他與其他生意人的聲望，然后決定是否同意貸款。live up with 適應(yīng)，解決，做到；make up for 彌補(bǔ)；come to light 真相大白，眾所周知；take into account =take into consideration 把……考慮在內(nèi)。根據(jù)句意可知，本題正確答案為D。,