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走向高考 · 英語,路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,人教版(課標(biāo)卷地區(qū)) · 高考總復(fù)習(xí),語法專項(xiàng)突破,第二部分,專題九 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語氣,第二部分,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 一、9大情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法,二、3組易混情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法比較,三、5大表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法比較,虛擬語氣 一、狀語從句中虛擬語氣的用法 1．非真實(shí)條件句中虛擬語氣的用法,2.目的狀語從句 (1)so that/in order that＋從句：從句謂語用can/could/may/ might＋動(dòng)詞原形。 We got up early in order that we could catch the early bus. 我們?cè)缙鹗菫榱四苴s上早班車。 (2)for fear that/in case that＋從句：從句謂語用should＋動(dòng)詞原形，意為“以防，萬一”。 We got up early for fear that we should miss the early bus. 我們?cè)缙鹨苑厘e(cuò)過早班車。,(3)lest＋從句：從句謂語用should＋動(dòng)詞原形，意為“以防，萬一”。 We got up early lest that we should miss the early bus. 我們?cè)缙鹨苑厘e(cuò)過早班車。,3．方式狀語從句 as if/as though＋從句：(1)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句用一般過去時(shí)；(2)與過去事實(shí)相反，從句用過去完成時(shí)；(3)與將來事實(shí)相反，從句謂語用would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形。 名師點(diǎn)撥 as if/as though連接的從句表示可能的事實(shí)時(shí)，不需用虛擬語氣。 She speaks English as if/as though she were a native of New York. 她講英語好像她是一位地道的紐約人。(虛擬語氣) It seems as if he doesn't know her. 他似乎不認(rèn)識(shí)她。(可能的事實(shí)),二、其他從句中虛擬語氣的用法 1．主語從句中的虛擬語氣 It is desired/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange/ natural/essential/a pity＋that從句，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。 It's strange that she(should)make so much trouble. 很奇怪她居然惹這么多麻煩。,2．賓語從句中的3種虛擬語氣 (1)表示“建議，命令，要求”等意義時(shí)，名詞性從句用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。①堅(jiān)持：動(dòng)詞insist；②命令：order，command；③建議：動(dòng)詞advise，suggest，propose，recommend；④要求：動(dòng)詞request，require，demand，ask。,It is suggested that I(should)exercise every day. 有人建議我應(yīng)該天天鍛煉。 Teachers recommend parents not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. 老師建議父母出于安全考慮最好不要讓12歲以下的孩子騎自行車去學(xué)校。 名師點(diǎn)撥 ①suggest意為“表明，暗示”時(shí)，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣； ②insist意為“堅(jiān)持說”時(shí)，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。,(2)I wish(that)＋賓語從句(虛擬語氣)。 ①表示愿望與“現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反”，從句用一般過去時(shí)； How he wishes that he were a bird! 他真希望他是一只小鳥。 ②表示愿望與“過去事實(shí)相反”，從句用過去完成時(shí)； We wish that we had visited the Great Wall last year. 我們要是去年去參觀長城就好了。 ③表示將來愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性很小，從句常用could/would＋動(dòng)詞原形。 We wish we would live on the moon one day. 但愿我們有一天能住在月球上。,(3)would rather/prefer＋that從句(從句用虛擬語氣) ①表示愿望與“現(xiàn)在事實(shí)或?qū)硎聦?shí)相反”，從句用一般過去時(shí)； I would rather you were not here with me now. 我寧愿你現(xiàn)在不和我在一起。 ②表示愿望與“過去事實(shí)相反”，從句用過去完成時(shí)。 I would rather you hadn't done that. 我寧愿你沒做過那件事。,3．表語從句和同位語從句中的兩種虛擬語氣 (1)在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，request，advice等名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣。其構(gòu)成是“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。 He gave orders that the guests(should)be hospitably entertained. 他下達(dá)命令客人們應(yīng)該被熱情款待。,(2)as if, as though引導(dǎo)的表語從句和方式狀語從句中常用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用一般過去時(shí)；與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)。 It looks as if he were 10 years younger today. 他今天看上去似乎年輕了10歲。 It looks as if he hadn't had a meal for a week. 他好像一周沒吃過飯了。,4．定語從句中的虛擬語氣 It's(about/high/very)time＋that從句(從句用虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)或should do，should不能省略)，意為“某人該做某事了”。 It's time that we should go/went home. 我們?cè)摶丶伊恕?三、3種特殊的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu),