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Period Four Grammar & Writing,觀察感悟(源于教材) Ⅰ.定語(yǔ)從句(介詞＋which/whom) 1.Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, ________ everyone is clapping and appreciating your music? 2.They may start as a group of high－school students，________ practising their music in someone’s house is the first step to fame. 3.Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, ________ they are paid in cash.,[知 識(shí) 梳 理],4.The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music，________ was based loosely on the Beatles. 5.They produced a new record in 1996, ________ they celebrated their former time as a real band. 答案 1.at which 2.for whom 3.for which 4.most of which 5.with which,Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空 1.The retiring teacher made a speech ________ which she thanked the class for the gift. 2.Is this the factory ________ which color TV sets are produced? 3.In the office I never seem to have time until 5：30 pm, ________ which time many people have gone home. 4.Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ________ which time he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union. 5.He was educated at a local grammar school, ________ which he went to Cambridge.,6.There are two buildings, the larger ________ which stands nearly a hundred feet high. 7.I have many friends, ________ whom some are businessmen. 8.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs, ________ which they are being trained. 9.I saw a woman running towards me in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ________ which she had come. 10.I was given three books on cooking, the first ________ which I really enjoyed. 答案 1.in 2.in 3.by 4.during 5.after 6.of 7.of 8.for 9.from 10.of,Ⅲ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1.What especially encouraged us was the way ________ our teacher studied foreign language. 2.I borrowed several books from the library, two of which ________ (be) about English study. 3.The reason ________ he gave for not coming was that his mother wouldn’t allow him to. 4.We were put in a position ________ we had either to admit we were less important, or fight the government. 5.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ________ which they can be controlled on purpose. 答案 1.in which/that或不填 2.are 3.which 4.where/in which 5.to,Ⅳ.完成句子 1.Mary has two books, ________________. 瑪麗有兩本書(shū)，它們都很有趣。 2.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year，____________. 這家工廠每年生產(chǎn)50萬(wàn)雙鞋子，其中80%銷(xiāo)往國(guó)外。 3.The lady ________________your mother was talking is our English teacher. 和你媽媽談話(huà)的那位女士是我們的英語(yǔ)老師。 4.The reason ________________ he refused the invitation is not clear. 他拒絕邀請(qǐng)的理由還不清楚。,5.Great changes have taken place in the city________________I was born. 我出生的城市發(fā)生了巨大的變化。 答案 1.both of which are interesting 2.80% of which are sold abroad 3.with whom 4.for which/why 5.in which/where,定語(yǔ)從句(介詞＋which/whom) 1.關(guān)系代詞which, whom在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句常由“介詞＋which(指物)”或“介詞＋whom(指人)”來(lái)引導(dǎo)。如： This is the classroom in which we are studying. 這就是我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的教室。 This is our monitor from whom I have learned a lot. 這是我們的班長(zhǎng)，我從他那里學(xué)到了很多東西。,2.關(guān)系代詞which或whom前面的介詞也可以放在定語(yǔ)從句的句尾，這時(shí)關(guān)系代詞可以省略。如： The man (whom) our headmaster is talking with is our physics teacher. 我們校長(zhǎng)現(xiàn)在與之談話(huà)的那個(gè)人是我們的物理老師。 3.定語(yǔ)從句也可由“名詞(或代詞或數(shù)詞)＋介詞＋which(whom)”來(lái)引導(dǎo)。如： They have two daughters, both of whom are studying abroad. 他們有兩個(gè)女兒，都在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)。 4.“表示方位的介詞(短語(yǔ))＋which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，而且定語(yǔ)從句常用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tall tree. 他住在一棟大房子里，房前有一棵大樹(shù)。,Ⅰ.滿(mǎn)分作文賞析 假如你是李華，你在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中遇到一些諸如如何寫(xiě)好英語(yǔ)作文等方面的困難，由此你感覺(jué)喪失信心。同時(shí)，你有強(qiáng)烈的學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的愿望。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一封信給你的好朋友張凱，說(shuō)明上述情況，并請(qǐng)求他的幫助。 要求：1.詞數(shù)80左右； 2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 3.信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。,[寫(xiě) 作 點(diǎn) 撥],Dear Zhang Kai， How time flies! We have been senior students for about one year.,Best wishes! Yours sincerely， Li Hua,【范文“悅”讀】 Dear Zhang Kai， How time flies! We have been senior students for about one year.As you know, I used to like English very much, but now I have some difficulty in learning English, especially in English writing.Though I know English is a very important subject for us students, I think now it is very difficult for me.,You know I have got poor results in English exams many times because my writing is poor.I wonder why I have been studying English so hard but I got so bad results in English exams.I do want to be one of the best students and go to a famous university after graduation from senior school.But my English is not good enough. Will you please give me some advice on how to improve my English writing? Best wishes! Yours sincerely， Li Hua,Ⅱ.作文仿寫(xiě) 假設(shè)你是張華，現(xiàn)就讀于多倫多大學(xué)(the University of Toronto)。請(qǐng)就你的室友Tom的下列不文明表現(xiàn)，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)封信給你的好友David，尋求他的幫助。 1.不講衛(wèi)生(sanitation)； 2.休息時(shí)間大聲播放音樂(lè)； 3.隨意動(dòng)用他人物品； 4.常帶朋友到宿舍喝酒喧鬧。,注意：詞數(shù)80左右。,【參考范文】 Dear David， I’m studying in the University of Toronto.Now I have some problems with my roommate, Tom, and I am writing to ask you for help.,Tom is basically a good guy.But he doesn’t care much about some of his behaviors.He pays no attention to the room sanitation, often leaving his things about.He plays very loud music during the rest time.At times, I find him using others’ daily things without permission.What’s more, he often brings his friends here to drink, talking and laughing loudly.I have been trying to ask him not to do that, but he doesn’t listen to me.What shall I do? Would you be so kind as to give me some advice? Best wishes! Yours， Zhang Hua,【寫(xiě)作方法指導(dǎo)】 如何寫(xiě)咨詢(xún)信 咨詢(xún)信的主要目的是為了尋求所需的信息、資料和幫助等。寫(xiě)這類(lèi)書(shū)信時(shí)應(yīng)注意禮節(jié)，切不可使用帶有生硬或命令口吻的詞句，也不可把別人的幫助視為理所當(dāng)然。具體寫(xiě)作步驟： 首段：簡(jiǎn)單敘述題目場(chǎng)景，說(shuō)明寫(xiě)作意圖，清楚表明寫(xiě)這封信的目的是要尋求什么樣的信息。 主體段落：描述具體問(wèn)題。書(shū)面表達(dá)的題目中一般會(huì)列出一些你需要尋求的信息，作者一般要客觀描述這些信息。本段為主體段，應(yīng)詳盡描述。 結(jié)尾段：表明急切獲取信息的心情，提供聯(lián)系方式以便收信人與你聯(lián)系。,常用句式： 1.I wonder if you could tell me the information about. 2.I’m writing for the information about. 3.I would be forever grateful if you could send me information concerning. 4.I would like to know whether you can provide me with information regarding. 5.I wish to request materials for. 6.I’d very much appreciate your advice on such matters as how to contact the officers who would be willing to assist. 7.Would you be so kind to tell me.? 8.I look forward to your immediate response.,