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2019-2020年高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit21 Body language教案 人教大綱版 ⊕考綱要求： ◆ 考綱規(guī)定的考試范圍: 重點單詞與短語unfair; customer; avoid; suitcase; manage; fold; vary; crazy; part; firm; handshake; bow; fist; bend; tap; gently; anger; useless; occur; focus; specific; ahead of; give sb. a hand; get through; tear down; hold up; make a face; in order; 句型 While there are many different interpretations of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal. while 從句的用法 And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend. 比較級表示最高級含義 語法：v-ing 在句子中充當(dāng)主語、賓語和表語 ◆ 復(fù)習(xí)本章要達到的目標 1. 掌握unfair; customer; avoid; suitcase; manage; fold; vary; crazy; part; firm;bow; fist; bend; tap; gently; anger; useless; occur; focus; specific; ahead of; give sb. a hand; get through; tear down; hold up; make a face; in order;等重點單詞及短語的用法。 2. 掌握while 從句的用法；比較級表示最高級含義的用法；v-ing 在句子中充當(dāng)主語、賓語和表語的用法。 ⊕教材知識歸納 ◆知識歸納 1. The customer said “I don’t want to talk ”by avoiding eye contact. avoid 的用法： 派生詞: avoidable adj. 可以避免的 avoidance n. 逃避；回避 知識梳理: 避免，防止 She braked suddenly and avoided an accident. 她緊急剎車,避免了一場車禍。 (2) 回避；避開；躲避 She kept avoiding my eyes over the conversation. 在談話期間他一直躲避我的眼睛。 相關(guān)歸納： (1)avoid doing sth She succeeded in avoiding being dismissed by his boss. 她成功的避免了被老板解雇。 (2)avoid sb/sth like the plague 像躲瘟疫一樣避開 He is always lending money, so we avoid him like the plague 他總是借錢，因此我們像躲瘟疫一樣避開他。 2. Somebody is late for s flight and wants to go ahead of the queue. ahead of 的用法： 在……前頭；早于；超過，優(yōu)于 She was always well ahead of the rest of the class. 她在班上總是遙遙領(lǐng)先。 The time in London is 5 hours ahead of the time in New York. 倫敦的時間比紐約時間早5個小時。 相關(guān)歸納： (1)ahead of time / schedule=in advance 提前 we has booked two tickets ahead of time. 我們已經(jīng)提前預(yù)定了兩張票。 (2)Go ahead! 前進，有進展，請便 If you think you can settle the problem, go ahead！ 如果你認為你能解決這個問題，那就干吧！ This may mean that he s telling the truth. tell the truth 講實話，常以不定式的形式出現(xiàn)，在句中做插入語。 To tell (you) the truth, I don’t agree with what you said. 給你說實話， 我不同意你說的話。 tell的用法 (1)tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告訴某人 Mother told the child an amusing story. 母親告訴孩子了一個有趣的故事。 (2)tell sb of / about sth 告訴某人…… He told us of the accident that happened yesterday. 他給我們講了一個發(fā)生在昨天的事故。 (3)tell sb to do sth 吩咐某人…… The teacher told Tom to clean the blackboard. 老師叫湯姆擦黑板。 (4)tell sth. 斷定（與can/could/be able to連用） (5)tell a lie = tell lies 說謊 He is always telling a lie. 他總是撒謊。 (6)tell A from B 把A與B分開 The twins are so alike that I can’t tell one from the other. 那對雙胞胎太像了以致我不能把他們區(qū)分開。 (7)tell... apart... 分清，區(qū)分 The twins are so alike that I can’t tell them apart. 那對雙胞胎太像了以致我不能把他們區(qū)分開。 (8)for what I can tell 據(jù)我所知 For what I can tell, Tom won’t e to attend the meeting. 據(jù)我所知，湯姆將不來參加會議了。 (9)There is no telling. 無法知道；難以預(yù)料。 There is no telling what the weather will be like 100 years away. 無法知道100年以后天氣會怎么樣。 3. No thanks. I can manage it myself. manage 的用法： 派生詞: management 經(jīng)營；管理；操作 manager經(jīng)理 知識梳理: (1)經(jīng)營；管理（同義詞：operate）；操縱 He is managing the business for his father. 他在代他父親做生意。 (2) （與can/could/be able to連用）對付；設(shè)法做成；設(shè)法維持 He couldn’t manage his horse, and it threw him to the ground. 他駕馭不了他的馬，馬把他摔在地上了。 Can you manage another cake? 你還能再吃個蛋糕嗎？ 相關(guān)歸納： (1)manage to do sth.=succeed in doing sth.=be successful in doing sth.=do sth. successfully設(shè)法做成某事； He managed to organize a live concert.= He succeed in organizing a live concert. 他設(shè)法組織了一次現(xiàn)場直播的音樂會。 (2)try to do sth.= attempt to do sth=seek to sth表示盡力做某事，但很可能內(nèi)成功 try doing sth.試圖做某事但不知道最終的結(jié)果 They attempted to finish the task before July. 他們試圖在七月以前完成這項任務(wù)。 He sought to speak to her. 他尋找機會與她說話。 4. Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. vary 的用法： 派生詞： (1)various adj. 不同的;各種各樣的,形形色色的 Everyone arrived late at the party for various reasons. 由于種種原因,每個人赴會都遲到了。 (2)varied adj. 各種各樣的;不相同的 Many varied motives prompt individuals to join a political party. 促使人們加入政黨的動機許許多多且各不相同。 (3)variety . 多樣化,變化; 種種 What other ways do you know to add variety? 你知道其他增加變化的方法嗎? People like to live a life full of variety. 人們喜歡過豐富多彩的生活。 He has a variety of interests. 他有多種愛好。 知識梳理： (1)vt. ①使不同;變更;修改 He never varied his habits. 他從未改變過自己的習(xí)慣。 ②多樣化 Teachers should vary their lessons to make them more interesting. 為了增加趣味,教師應(yīng)該使自己的課多樣化。 (2.)vi. 變化;呈多樣化 That sort of thing varies from person to person. 那種事因人而異。 5. In France, a person seeing the same gesture will think it means zero. gesture的用法： (1)n. 姿勢;手勢; 姿態(tài),表示 He raised his hands in a gesture of despair. 他舉起雙手表示絕望。 We hold a party for our new colleagues as a gesture of friendship. 我們?yōu)樾峦屡e辦了一個聚會,以示友善。 Handshake is a gesture of friendship. 握手是一種友好的表示。 (2)vi. 做手勢,用動作示意 She was gesturing so excitedly that I knew something was wrong. 她如此激動地打著手勢,我就知道出了問題。 (3)vt.用手勢(或動作)表示 I gestured the child over. 我朝孩子打手勢叫他過來。 6. There are also differences as to how often we touch each other,how close we stand to someone we are talking to,and how we act when we meet or part. (1)注意區(qū)別as to和as for as to 至于，對于as to 后可以接名詞，動名詞，疑問詞+不定式，或名詞性從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)可以位于句首，句中，句未。 as for至于，對于as for 后只可以接名詞，動名詞。該結(jié)構(gòu)只位于句首。 As to/As for money, he is indifferent. 至于錢，他漠不關(guān)心。 She was at a loss as to how to explain it.她全然不知道該如何說明這件事。 I enjoy going to the movies. But as to/as for the theater, I prefer staying at home. 我喜歡看電影，但至于看戲，我寧愿留在家里。 7. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. get through的用法： (1) 完成（工作）vt. How long does it take you to get through the job? 你完成這件工作要花多少時間? (2) 通過(考試、議案等) vi. / vt. Tom failed but his sister got through. He got through the driving license test last week. (3) 穿越；穿過 vt. The alley ahead is narrow, so a truck cant get through it. 前面的巷子很窄，所以卡車沒辦法通過。 (4) 給……接通電話; 接通（電話） vt./vi. A little patience, and Ill get you through. 耐心一點，我就給你接通電話。 I called all day yesterday, but I couldnt get through (to you). 昨天我打了一天電話，但是都沒辦法聯(lián)絡(luò)到你。 8. A smile can open doors and tear down walls. tear的用法： (1)n. 淚水（常用復(fù)數(shù)） ①be wet with tears 眼淚汪汪 ②burst into tears 放聲大哭 Hearing his voice, she burst into tears. 聽到他的聲音，她放生大哭起來。 ③in tears（表示狀態(tài)）哭泣 We found her in tears. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)她在哭 ④crocodile tears鱷魚的眼淚（假悲傷） She shed crocodile tears when she dismissed him from his job. 她把他解雇時，流出了鱷魚的眼淚（假裝難過）。 (2)　v. 撕扯，撕裂；飛奔，飛跑；強行使某人離開… He tore the parcel open. 他把包裹撕開。 This cloth tears easily. 這布料容易撕破。 Her heart was torn by grief. 她肝腸寸斷。 相關(guān)歸納： (1)tear …in two把…撕成兩半 Can you tear a sheet of paper in two? 　　你能把一張紙撕成兩半嗎？ (2)tear…into pieces 把…撕成碎片 The baby likes tearing paper into pieces. 　　嬰兒喜歡把紙撕成碎片。 (3)tear…open 把…撕開 He tore the parcel open. 他把包裹撕開。 (4)tear oneself away（from sb./sth）舍不得離開某人/某事物 Do tear yourself away from the television and e out for a walk. 你別舍不得離開電視了，出去散散步吧。 The book was so interesting that I couldn’t tear myself away from it. 這本書如此有意思以至于我愛不釋手。 (5)tear down拆除 They are tearing down the old houses. 他們正在拆除舊房屋。 (6)tear sth. up撕毀（文件等） She tore up all the letters he had sent her. 她把他寫來的信都撕了。 9. Shuanghuang is popular in many parts of China. popular 的用法： (1)民眾的;大眾的 Popular education is one of our major objectives. 民眾教育是我們的主要目標之一。 (1) 得人心的,受歡迎的 She is now a popular film star. 她現(xiàn)在是有名的影星。 (3)普通的,廣為流傳的,流行的 Many young people love popular songs. 許多年輕人喜愛流行歌曲。 (4)通俗的,大眾化的;(價格)低廉的[B] He writes for a journal of popular science. 他為一家大眾科學(xué)雜志撰稿。 短語歸納： be + popular with/among The young teacher is popular with/among his students. 這個年輕老師深受學(xué)生的歡迎。 10. When you write a story, you should give as many details as possible and put things in order, detail 的用法: (1) n. 細節(jié);詳情; 詳述;細部 He can probably tell us all the details we want. 他也許能告訴我們所需的全部詳情。 She began to tell me the plot in great detail. 她開始告訴我該陰謀的詳情。 (2)vt. 詳述,詳細說明 The man detailed to us all the wonders he had seen in his travels. 那人向我們詳述了他旅途所見之奇事 相關(guān)歸納： (1) in great detail 詳細的 (2)detailed adj. 詳細的;精細的 Think about the purpose and focus of your story. n. (1)焦點,焦距;聚光點[C] He took out the binoculars and adjusted the focus. 他取出雙筒望遠鏡并調(diào)整了焦距。 (2) (注意,活動等的)中心,集中點;重點[the S][(+of)] The focus of this chapter is the American Revolution. 本章的重點是講美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭。 She always wants to be the focus of attention. 她老想成為人們注意的中心。 (3)(地震等的)震源;病灶 The focus of the earthquake is eighty miles from our city. 這次地震的震源在距我市八十英里的地方。 vt. (1)調(diào)節(jié)(鏡頭等)的焦距 You can focus your telescope on that distant television tower. 你可以對著那座遠方的電視塔調(diào)節(jié)望遠鏡的鏡頭。 (2) focus sth. on sth. 把什么集中在某事上 I cant focus my thoughts today. 今天我的思想集中不起來。 vi. (1)聚焦 A defect of vision prevented him from focusing accurately. 視力上的缺陷使他不能準確對焦。 (2) focus on sth. 集中在某物上 The beams of light moved across the sky and focused on the plane. 光束在空中移動,集中對準飛機 11 Put numbers next to all the things in the order they occur. occur 的用法： 派生詞: occurrence n 發(fā)生；發(fā)生的事情 知識梳理: (1) 發(fā)生; 出現(xiàn) It is said that the accident occurred at midnight. 據(jù)說那次車禍是深夜發(fā)生的。 He has concluded that changes occur in the bodies of birds due to seasonal changes in the length of daylight. 他得出結(jié)論日光在不同季節(jié)長短不同，鳥體內(nèi)由此出現(xiàn)不同的變化。 (2)(念頭、想法等）想起 An idea has occurred to me. 我想起了一個主意。 (3)存在 Three misprints occur on the first page. 第一頁有三個地方印錯。 相關(guān)歸納： (1)sth occur to sb 某人發(fā)生什么事情；某人想起什么 A brilliant idea occurred to me.我想到一個極好的主意。 (2) It occurs to sb.that... It never occurred to me that he might be in trouble. 我怎么也沒有想到他會遇上麻煩。 注意：“某人想起什么”的特殊表達方法： (1)sth occur to sb An idea has occurred to me. (2)sth strike sb A good idea struck me. (3)sb hit on/upon sth I hit on a good idea. ◆概念提示 重點/熱點1：While there are many different interpretations of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal. 盡管對身勢語有許多不同的解釋，有些動作卻好像是全球化的。 (1)while 此處不是引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，作“當(dāng)……時候”講，也不是表對比，作“而，然而……”講，而是引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管；雖然”。 While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape. 雖然我喜歡這頂帽子的顏色,但我不喜歡它的形狀。 While I understand your viewpoint, I dont agree with you. 雖然我了解你的見解，我卻不同意你。 (2)而,然而(表示對比) I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜歡喝茶,而她喜歡喝咖啡。 My brother is very tall while I am so short. 我弟弟很高而我卻這么矮。(表對比) (3)當(dāng)...的時候,和...同時 She listened closely while he read the letter. 他讀信時,她聽得很仔細。 Ill take care of your children while you are away. 你不在時我會照顧你的孩子的。 We must strike while the iron is hot. 我們必須趁熱打鐵。 易混易錯點1：And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend. 比較級表示最高級含義 1、比較級在否定句中表示最高級含義 ①How beautiful she sings! Ive never heard a better voice. = She has the best voice Ive ever heard. 她唱得多好啊！這是我聽到的最美的歌喉。 ②I have never read a more interesting novel. = It is the most interesting novel Ive ever read. 這是我讀過的最有趣的小說。 ④Nobody can do the work better than he did. 這項工作他做得最出色。 2、比較級 + than + the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞/ + any other + 單數(shù)名詞/ + any of the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 ①She goes to school earlier than the other girls. 她比其他女孩早上學(xué)。 ②He works harder than any other student. 她學(xué)習(xí)最用功。 ③China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia. 中國是亞洲最大的國家 3、比較級 + than + anything/ anyone else ①George did more work than anyone else. 喬治干活最多。 ②Tom cared more for money than for anything else 湯姆最喜歡錢。 ⊕講題組 ◆課內(nèi)題例與課后題： 課內(nèi)題例 1. I couldn’t ____. The line was busy. 　A. go by　　　　 B. go around　　　　 C. get in　　　　 D. get through 變式1. It’s surprising that they should _______ most of the work in so little time. A. go through　　　　 B. go around　　　　 C. get in　　　　 D. get through 解析：1. get through這里表示接通電話。答案 D 變式1. get through這里表示完成工作等。答案 D 2. The other girls rushed ____me. I felt ashamed as I fell farther and farther behind. A. from behind B. ahead of C. next to D. close to 解析：2本題考查ahead及其構(gòu)成短語的用法和詞義。ahead of 表示“在……前面”、“超過”．可以表示時間、地點，也可以表示一些抽象意義。答案：B 3. The 22-year-old student ____to stop her by the side of the road in the winter night and robbed her of her necklace. A. afforded B. wanted C. allowed D. managed 變式1. The fire spread all over the house but they _____ to escape from it before it was too late. A. managed B. succeeded C attempted D. sought 變式2. At the bad news the lady ______ a weak smile. A. managed B. succeeded C attempted D. sought 解析：本題考查manage的詞義和基本用法。manage后接不定式，表示“努力并且成功地做了某事”。答案：D 變式1. 該題也是考查manage的詞義和基本用法。manage后接不定式，表示“努力并且成功地做了某事”。如果選B要用動名詞做賓語。答案：D 變式2. 本題考查manage的詞義和基本用法。Manage可以做“勉強擠出；勉強做出”。該題意思是“一聽到壞消息，那個女士勉強擠出一絲笑容”。答案：D 4. An eclipse of the sun____ when the moon passes between the earth and the sun. A. happened B. occurred C. appeared D. rose 變式1. It ______ to me that we should attend the 8 o’clock meeting. Let’s hurry, or we will be late. A. struck B. occurred C. happened D. came 解析：4. 本題考查occur的詞義以及它和一些近義詞的區(qū)別。Happen表示“偶然發(fā)生”。occur可以表示“突然發(fā)生”，但不是意外。答案：B 變式1. 考查句型“it occur to sb. That 從句”表示某人想起什么事情。答案：B 5. He succeeded avoiding ____ by apologizing to his teacher. A. punished B. being punished C. to be punished D. being punishment 解析： avoid 后接名詞或動名詞做賓語，又由于他與懲罰之間是被動關(guān)系，所以答案選：B 課后題： 1. She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was tal king about my daughter. A. whom B. where C. which D. while 2. .The idea ____ to him in his dream and he decided to carry it out. 　　A. happened　　　　 B. struck　　 C. appeared　　 D. occurred 3. Do you think that mixed ability classes _____　　 the better students? 　　A. hold back　　　　 B. hold up　　 C. hold down　　 D. hold off 4.Don’t _____ the notice. It should be kept for a week. 　　A. tear down　　　　 B. put down　　　 C. turn down　　 D. knock down 5. The moment she _____ the report tomorrow, she will hand in at once. A. finishes to write　　 B. will finish　　 C. finished writing　　 D. finishes writing 解析： 1.選D 該題從結(jié)構(gòu)上看似乎是考查非限定性定語從句中關(guān)系詞的用法。但從前后兩句的內(nèi)容來看是考查并列連詞。in fact插入句中有一定的迷惑作用，此處whiIe 作并列連詞用，表示前后對照／對比。全句的意思是：“她以為我在談?wù)撍呐畠?，而實際上，我是在談?wù)撐? 的女兒?！? 2. sth occur to sb. 某人想起某事。答案：D 3. 該句意思是“你認為混合能力班級會阻礙學(xué)生的發(fā)展嗎？”hold up 阻礙；延緩。答案：B 4. tear down “撕掉，撕下”符合題意。答案：A 5. the moment引起時間狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時替代一般將來時。答案：D ⊕課后練習(xí)題 A組： 1. The other girls rushed ____me. I felt ashamed as I fell farther and farther behind. A. from behind B. ahead of C. next to D. close to 2.He is so diligent a student that he is always his classmates in every subject. A. in advance B. in front of C. far ahead of D. before 3.—Why are you so late? —Bad luck. A car accident happened not far outside the town and we were on the way. A. stopped B. kept C. held up D. held in 4.I would love to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone 5.We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to it.It might be valuable. A. hold on to B. keep up with C. turn to D. look after 6.Be more about when you want us to e. A. specific B. special C. especial D. specified 7.They the old houses and built a shopping centre. A. tore down B. tore at C. tore apart D. tore up 8.I the written papers but failed in the oral examination. A. got through B. looked through C. went through D. lived through 9 .I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother ill in hospital. A. is B. being C. to be D. having been 10.We live in the south of the city, and the Blacks live a little south. A. more B. ahead C. even D. further 答案： 1. B 本題考查ahead及其構(gòu)成短語的用法和詞義。ahead of 表示“在……前面”、“超過”．可以表示時間、地點，也可以表示一些抽象意義答案：B 2.C 根據(jù)句意可知，此處意思應(yīng)為“勝過，超過”，即be ahead of others,故選C。選項B、D一般指位置，in advance預(yù)先，故排除。 3.C 由題意可知，我們在路上受阻，所以來晚了。而A項表示“被攔住（走不了）”。 4.B would love后接不定式，排除C、D項；根據(jù)句意可知是表達對已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事的意愿，須用不定式的完成式。 5.A 從題意分析，此處應(yīng)是“堅持不放，繼續(xù)保留”之意。keep up with表示“與……保持同一水平”，turn to意為“轉(zhuǎn)向，查閱”。只有hold on to符合題意。 6.A 句意為“請更具體地說明你要我們什么時候來”。Special,especial都表示“特別的，特殊的”意義，specified為specify（明確陳述逐一列舉）的過去分詞。 7.A 句意為“他們拆掉舊房子，興建購物中心?！眛ore at撕，tore up撕碎，如：She tore at the letter；then she tore it up.她撕信，之后撕碎了。tore apart撕開；The bird was torn apart by the two dogs.鳥兒被兩條狗撕得粉碎。 8.A “通過筆試考試”應(yīng)用got through,相當(dāng)于passed。look through查閱，瀏覽；go through經(jīng)歷，審閱，查看；live through活過一段時間，經(jīng)歷。它們都同句意不符。 9.B “with +n.+分詞短語”是一常用結(jié)構(gòu)，通常在句中作狀語或定語。 10. D a little further south更往南一點。 單詞拼寫： 1.It is u for you to scold Kate. She has done nothing wrong. 2.The storm was fierce，but the captain m to lead his crew to survive. 3.Mom always tells me to try to (避免) accidents. 4.I raised my hat to her and she (鞠躬) to me in return. 5. He was a man g in manner but firm in action. 答案：1. unfair 2. managed 3. avoid 4. bowed 5. gentle B組： 一、 漢譯英 1. 我想到我們應(yīng)該更經(jīng)常地到那里去。 2. 我盡量避免遇見他，因為他總是使我厭煩。 3. 這本書很受學(xué)生歡迎。 4. 我從未度過比這更讓人擔(dān)憂的一天了。 5. 他很快地撕下這張布告。 6. 你是否介意我把們打開呢？ 7. 我通過了昨天的英語測試 8. 我提前完成了工作。 答案： 1. It occurred to me that we should go there more often. 2. I tried to avoid meeting him because he always bored me. 3. The book is popular with his students. 4. I have never spent a more worrying day. 5. He tore down the notice quickly. 6. Would you mind my opening the door? 7. I got through yesterday’s English test. 8. I finished the job ahead of time. 單句改錯： 1. As soon as your letter get through me, I will set. 2. They all avoided mention that name. 3. It struck to me that we should have a meeting. 4. She is now a film star popular by young people. 5. I like nothing best than swimming. 答案： 1. through 后加 to 2. mention 改為 mentioning 3. struck改為occurred 4. by改為with 5. best改為better