ZQ-100型鉆桿動(dòng)力鉗背鉗設(shè)計(jì),zq,鉆桿,動(dòng)力,鉗背鉗,設(shè)計(jì) 摘要 在人類的機(jī)械創(chuàng)新的不斷進(jìn)步，使機(jī)械代替了人。以前在油田修井時(shí)或者下油管時(shí)，管與管連接時(shí)是用管鉗來上扣和卸扣，現(xiàn)在使用這種液壓鉗，就給人類帶來很多方便，使工作效率和安全系數(shù)提高，也減少了很多井口的工作人員，因此這是油田經(jīng)常使用的卸管工具。針對(duì)修井作業(yè)中人力上卸抽油桿螺紋效率低,勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大,又不能保證不同規(guī)格抽油桿所要求的上扣扭矩等問題,研制了ZQ-100型液壓抽油桿鉗,這種抽油桿鉗由主鉗,手動(dòng)換向閥,液壓馬達(dá),底鉗,彈簧吊筒和調(diào)節(jié)彈簧等組成,在設(shè)計(jì)中省掉了轉(zhuǎn)速換擋機(jī)構(gòu),同時(shí)通過改變制動(dòng)板上壓簧螺栓的結(jié)構(gòu),解決了制動(dòng)板減薄時(shí)顎板滾子爬坡力量不足這一技術(shù)難題，介紹了這種抽油桿鉗的工作原理。目前，國外鉆桿動(dòng)力鉗的種類很多，而且產(chǎn)品性能及質(zhì)量都相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，特別是他們產(chǎn)品的體積與輸出扭矩不會(huì)成比例變化，即使動(dòng)力鉗輸出扭矩相當(dāng)大時(shí)，其產(chǎn)品的體積也不會(huì)增加多少，因而適用于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)需要。而國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品還處在研發(fā)和改進(jìn)階段，產(chǎn)品性能及質(zhì)量都有待進(jìn)一步提高，國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品的體積和重量都隨輸出扭矩的增大而增大，從而導(dǎo)致無法適用于某些大型鉆管。近10年來，中國國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)動(dòng)力鉗有所增長(zhǎng)，但相比國外我國動(dòng)力鉗結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜不方便使用與維護(hù)，使用期短等缺點(diǎn)，所以我國正大力發(fā)展動(dòng)力鉗設(shè)計(jì)改造，達(dá)到世界水平。 關(guān)鍵詞：石油；機(jī)械創(chuàng)新；性能；轉(zhuǎn)桿動(dòng)力鉗；研發(fā)改進(jìn)；設(shè)計(jì) Abstract In recent years, with continued rapid growth of our national economy, petroleum volume of consumption of our country increase year by year. The rank has already exceeded Japan, has become the second largest petroleum following U.S.A. and consumed the country. On being pole required to pump oil, pump the oil pole pincers after developing the hydraulic pressure of Model ZQ-100, this kind pumps the oil pole pincers by the main pincers , the manual reversing valve, hydraulic motor, bottom pincers , the spring hangs tube and regulates spring ,etc. to make up , save rotational speed shift gears organization , at the same time through change , apply the brake board pigeonhole reed structure of bolt in design, solve , apply the brake board jaw board roll sub climbing strength insufficient technological difficult problem this reduce thin ,, recommend this kind pump oil pole operation principle of pincers! Main technical parameter and experimental situation in the room, employ the result to indicate live, adopt Model ZQ-100 hydraulic pressure pump oil pole pincers can reduce , release oil pole take off number of times of spiking greatly, improve and build the quality of the well and build the pace of the well. Let out difficult to avoid and fluid have a sure one but compression, so, transmission than unable and invariable, suitable for transmission than requiring strict occasion. Energy caused to leak lose, hydraulic transmission main energy is lost, in addition resistance and machinery that fluid receive among pipeline rub etc., cause sure energy to lose, cause the efficiency of hydraulic transmission to be relatively low. The viscosity of the fluid changes with temperature, as the warm change of oil, will influence the working performance of the actuator directly. In addition, have greater difficulties to adopt hydraulic transmission under the low-temperature condition or high-temperature condition. Fluid through air, will produce noise is apt to cause vibration, the ones that influenced transmission are steady. It is relatively difficult to maintain, the work load is large. At the trouble of producing, trouble reason difficult to look for, get rid of getting difficult through design, optimize, reduce, shoulder, influence as hydraulic system. At present, the kind of the motive force pincers of foreign drilling rod is numerous, and properties of product and quality are all relatively stable, especially they the products one volume and output torsion can changes proportional, even if power, when pincers quite heavy to export torsion, volume of product its how much does it increase either, suitable for needing at the scene. The domestic products are still at the stage of researching and developing and improving, properties of product and quality all remain to further improve, volume and weight of the domestic products all export the increase of the torsion to increase at the same time, thus it is unable to be suitable for some to cause and bore managing large-scaly. The past 10 years, produce power pincers increase to some extent, compare foreign of our country power pincers structure complicated to use and maintain while being inconvenient in China, the shortcoming such as being short of service time, so our country is developing the motive force pincers to design and transform in a more cost-effective manner, reach the world standard. Transfer to ZQ100 type to pole power pincers carry pincers go on, design , realize, it is safe to apply the brake, it is reliable and durable. Make the hydraulic pressure control and drive the rack to clamp the steel tube effectively. Key words: Petroleum; Machinery innovates; Performance ; Transfer to the pole motive force pincers ; Research and develop and improve; Design III