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2019-2020年高一英語 Unit 2 word study 教案 Teaching aims: Learn the new words and know how to use these words. Remember the new words and some expressions. Teaching important points: Master the pronunciation, spelling and usage of the words. Teaching difficult points: Help the students master the usage of the new words. 1 throughout作介詞,可指時間上從頭到尾=all through, 也可指地點上遍及,各處=all over He is busy throughout the year. 他一年忙到頭 The news spread throughout the country 消息傳遍全國 through可指時間上從頭到尾, 不可指地點上遍及 2 confusing adj confused adj confuse v The instructions on the box are very confusing. 盒子上的使用說明含糊不清 All your change s of plan have made me totally confused 你把計劃改來改去,我都糊涂了 They confused me by asking so many questions. 他們提了一大堆問題,把我都弄糊涂了 Confuse A and/with B 把…..誤當作….. Don’t confuse Austria and/with Australia. 不要把奧地利和澳大利亞弄混淆了 3 be made up of…..= consist of 由…..構成 后者沒有被動語態(tài) The novel is made up of twenty chapters. = The book consists of twenty chapters =Twenty chapters make up the novel Your work consists of washing and cooking. Be made up of 的主動形式為make up 不與of連用 Six states make up New England Make up 編造,化妝 Make up for 彌補 Consist with一致,符合 The information consists with his account. 消息與他的敘述相符合。 Consist in 在于,存在于 Tolerance consists in respecting the opinions of others. 寬容在于尊重別人的意見。 The beauty of the picture consists in its colors. 這幅畫的美在于其色彩。 4 Pick up ~ Radio Beijing 收聽北京臺 ~ the dictionary 拿起字典 ~ the passengers 接乘客 ~ French 學法語 ~ everything on the floor 收拾地上的東西 ~ a story 繼續(xù)講故事 pick out Let me pick out some good ones for you. 讓我來替你挑幾個好的 5 contribute v捐贈, 貢獻 contribution n 捐款(u) 捐贈物(c) contributor 捐贈者 contribute to 是…..的成因之一, 給….做貢獻, 把時間投入 Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸煙會導致肺癌嗎? All these factors contributed to his success. 所有這些因素促使他成功 He offered to contribute to the Red Cross. 他主動向紅十字會捐款 He contributed his poems to the magazine. 他給雜志投稿他的詩。 6 take control of 控制 get/bring sth under control 使……在控制之下 lose control of 失去對….的控制 go out of control 失控 be in control of sth 控制,管理某物 in/under the control of sb 在….的控制下 The English conquered America and took control of it 英國人征服了美國并控制了美國 The fire lasted half an hour before it was brought under control 火燒了半小時,才被控制住 He lost control of the car and crashed his car into the tree 他對汽車失去了控制撞到了樹上 Because of the war, the country went out of control. 由于戰(zhàn)爭,那國家失控而混亂 Who is in control of the project? 誰負責這個項目? 7 invasion (n) invade (v) (1). vt./vi. 侵入,侵略 The Normans invaded England in 1066. 諾曼人于一○六六年入侵英國。 (2). 擁入,大批進入 In summer tourists invade the mountain village. 夏天游客成群結隊地到這個山村來。 (3). (疾病等)侵襲 Bird flu invaded the country. 禽流感侵襲全國。 8 replace vt.1.取代;以...代替 (+with/by)= take the place of =be in place of Electric lights have replaced candles. 電燈已經取代了蠟燭。 The gate was broken so we replaced it with a new one. .大門壞了,因此我們換了扇新的. 2.把...放回(原處) She replaced the receiver. 她將聽筒放了回去。 3. 歸還;償還 I will replace the cup I broke. 我愿用一個新杯子賠還我打碎的一只。 9 despite prep. 1. 不管,盡管,任憑 （in spite of ) Despite the traffic jam, he arrived at the conference on time. 盡管有交通阻塞，他還是準時趕到會場。 Despite advanced years, she is learning to drive. 盡管年事已高,她還在學開車。 He went to work despite his illness. 盡管生病,他還是去工作。 10 impact n have an impact on 影響;作用 ( influence) Those TV programs had an impact on his English studies. 這些電視節(jié)目對他的英語學習很有影響。 The book made a great impact on its readers. 這本書對讀者有很大的影響。 The car hit the stone wall with great impact. 汽車猛地撞在石頭墻上. V 撞擊 The big waves impacted the ship 大浪撞擊著船 11 raise vt./ n 飼養(yǎng)，喂養(yǎng) Raise 可以表示飼養(yǎng)家禽，強調過程 Feed 可以表示喂（動物）飼料，給（病人或小孩）喂食，強調動作 1）.The baby was raised on soybean milk. 這孩子是用豆?jié){喂養(yǎng)大的。 2）People feed the cattle with grass. 人們用草喂牛 raise 的其他意思： 2. 增加 The landlord raised my rent to $200. 房東把租金提高到$ 200。 3. 籌集，召集 They are going to raise money for the school buildings.他們將為蓋校舍籌集資金。 4. 舉起，提起 He raised his glass and said: "Your health, Carl."他舉起了杯子說道:"祝你健康,卡爾。" 5.提出，引起，使---產生 raise fears, doubts Rise vi (rose, risen) 上升，增長，提高，站起身 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west His temperature is still rising I rose from my chair 12 adopt vt. 1.采取;采納 adopt one’s suggestion.采納建議 adopt a name 取名 adopt an idea 采納意見 adopt a style of dress 采用一服裝樣式 2 過繼，收養(yǎng) adopt a child (as one’s son) 13 undergo vt (underwent undergone) =experience The explorers had to undergo much suffering 探險的人們必須遭受很多困苦 14 depend on (1)靠….決定 Whether to hold the sports meet next week depends on the weather 下星期是否開運動會決定于天氣情況 (2) 依靠,指望,信任 They knew he wasn’t a person to be depended on 他們知道他是個靠不住的人 那得看情況了 That depends./ It all depends Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not so busy. It all depends. 有時我們很忙,有時不太忙,得看情況. 15 record V 記錄,記載 record process/ developments 記載進展,發(fā)展等情況 N 1)a record of road accidents 交通事故記錄 2)put on/ play some records 播放一些唱片 3)set a record/hold a record/break/beat a record 創(chuàng)/保持/破紀錄(尤指體育運動) On record 記載下來的 Last summer was the wettest on record for 50 years. 剛過去的這個夏季是50年來記錄中雨水最多的 16 promise V 1）許諾，答應做 promise sth to sb /promise sb sth promise sb that ①They promised an immediate reply to me. ②He promised me to be here at 6 ③He promised me that he would be here at 6 2)使---很有可能 The clouds promise rain. 陰云預示有雨。 Promise well 大有希望，可望產生良好結果 N ~~ of sth 1）….的諾言，承諾 We received many promises of help. 許多人答應幫助我們. 短語：make/keep/carry out/break a promise 作出/遵守/履行/違背諾言 2）可能性，希望 There is a promise of better weather tomorrow. promising adj有前途的,有出息的 a promising young pianist 有前途的青年鋼琴家 17 look up (1) 仰視,向上看 She looked up from her book when I entered the room (2) 好轉, 改善 Unemployment is ing down, things are looking up (3) 拜訪,看望（口） Do look me up the next time you are in London. (4) 查閱 If you don’t know the word, look it up in the dictionary. 有關look的詞組: Look at look like Look for look after Look out look round Look into look through Look up to sb look down upon sb Look back on sth look forward to Look sb up and down 18 disagree vi disagreement n 1．）disagree with sb about/on sth 與某人觀點不同,不同意 Parents disagreed with their son about his future plans 2）disagree with sth 不一致,不同,不符 The reports from Rome disagree with those from Milan 羅馬的報道與米蘭的不符 3）Sth disagree with sb (食物,氣候)對某人有不良影響 I feel sick, because that fish disagreed with me.我感到惡心,那條魚吃得我不舒服 disagreeable adj 令人不愉快的，討厭的， a disagreeable person 令人不愉快的人 19 standard N 標準,規(guī)范 an international standard of weight 國際重量標準. set a standard 確定一個標準 be up to/below standard 達到/未達到標準. Their work is not up to standard 他們的工作成績不夠標準. adj 標準的, 符合標準的 Standard sizes of paper 紙的標準尺寸 Standard English 標準英語 20 set 制定，確定 1）Set a standard 確定一個標準 2）安排，確定 They haven’t set a date for their wedding yet 3）鋪桌子 set the table for supper 4）將---放在某處 He set a post in the ground 他在地上樹了一根稈子 5）建立 She set a new world record for the high jump. 有關set的詞組: set sail set out/off set up set sb free set fire to sth set about doing=set out to do 21 care about 憂慮，關心，惦念；在乎 （常用于疑問句和否定句中） She didn’t care about anything people might say. 人們說什么她都不在乎 care for 1)喜歡（常用于疑問句和否定句中） I don’t really care for tea. 2）照顧，照料（較正式用語） At night he fed and cared for the cattle 22 department 部門，基本意思是整體中的一部分 the Health Department English Department the business department a department store 23 ban (banned banned) ban多指官方利用指令禁止某事, forbid多指私人關系中的禁止 The government has banned the use of chemical /nuclear weapons His father forbids him to smoke. ban sb from sth /doing sth forbid sb to do sth forbid doing sth She has been banned from driving for six months. My mother forbids me to swim in the river. 23 pure adj 純的 purify v 凈化某物 pure gold/cotton/white pure water/air pure thoughts a pure young girl 24 spread ( spread spread) 1) 展開，鋪開 spread wings spread one’s arms spread a cloth on the table = spread a table with a cloth 2) 傳播，蔓延 Flies spread disease. Fear spread quickly through the village. 全村不多久就人心惶惶了 3) 擴大，伸展 The forest spreads as far as the river. spread like wildfire（指謠言，消息，疾?。╋w速地傳開，蔓延 N (通常作單數(shù)) The spread of disease/knowledge/education 25 easily adv easy 和easily 兩者都可用作副詞，easy作副詞多用于一些成語，例如： Easy e, easy go Go easy省點勁兒，別那么賣力，慢點兒 Stand easy 稍息 Take it easy Easier said than done 一般情況使用easily: They could be easily seen at a distance of miles. easy表示容易做時，一般用主動形式，盡管有時含有被動意義 This novel is easy to read. It’s easy for sb to do sth 26．access n/v have/gain access to sb/sth 有機會得到或接近某人/某物 所有的學生都可進入圖書館 The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 27 racial adj 種族的 race n 種族 racial harmony race/nation/state的比較: race意為種族，指有相同膚色和體型的人。 the yellow race nation意為民族，國家，指具有共同語言和歷史，通常居住在同一地域，比小的人類群體。the Chinese nation中華民族 state意為國家或州，是一種政治上的劃分，既可指獨立的國家，也可指一個國家內部的州。 How many states are there in the United States of America? 26 character n （1）字母，符號 Chinese/ Greek /Russian characters （2）(人)品質，性格；（地方）特性，特點 have a strong/weak character What does her handwriting tell you about her character？ 27 differ vi 作不及物動詞，意為不同， 通常與介詞from, in, with 搭配使用 differ from 與……不同 differ in 是指兩個以上的人或物在某個具體的方面有區(qū)別 differ with是指與有分歧，持不同意見 1)Modern cars differ from the early ones in many ways. 2)The two sisters differ widely in their tastes. 3)I’m sorry to differ with you about that question. adj different be different from與……不同 My shoes are different from yours. be different in在某方面有區(qū)別 They are different in the color of eyes n difference make a /some difference make no difference A week’s holiday made some difference to her health It makes no difference to them whether the baby is a girl or a boy. 29 represent vt 代表 n 有代表性的人或事物 1) The petition attracted over 500 players____ 8 different countries. 2)The rose represents love. 30 action 行為，動作 take action 采取行動 active inactive activity n 31 bine vt / vi 組合，聯(lián)合 bine A and/with B 使A和B組合起來 bine the eggs with a little flour . 31 physical adj 有形的,實物的 physically adv the physical world physical change physical examination physical exercise n physics 物理 physicist 物理學家Physics____ interesting. We all like it. 表示學科的名詞，如：physics, mathematics, politics, 雖然以-s結尾，但都被看作是單數(shù)，因此，作主語時，其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式， 32 square adj 方的 a square room/table one square meter一平方米 n 方型，正方形，廣場 a market square 集市廣場 The square of 7 is 49 33 simplify v simple adj Simplify the orders so that children can understand them a simplified process 34 originally adv 最初地 origin n起源，開端 original adj 原始的，新穎的 n 原作 1)The school was originally small. 這所學校原先很小 2)She es originally from Sichuan. 35 peak 山峰，尖頂， 頂峰 The plane flew over the snow-covered peaks the peak of a roof peak time 36 turn into 使 變成 = change into Water turns into ice when it freezes. 天很冷時水會結冰 37.reflect vt 反映1) His face was reflected in the mirror. 反射2) The windows reflect sunlight. 37 Symbol 1)符號 ~~ for sth What is the chemical symbol for copper? 2)象征 ~~ of sth The lion is the symbol of courage 38 direction n 方向，指導 in the direction of /in …direction 向… 的方向 in all directions向四面八方 from…..direction 從……. 方向 under one’s direction在……. 指導之下 1)A woman was seen running in the direction of the train. 2)No further sound came from their direction. 3) He finished the work under my direction. 他在我的指導下完成了工作。 39 opposite n后接of +名詞 Black and white are opposites = Black is the opposite of white opposite to 在……對面， 和……相反 I sat opposite to him during the meal. adj/adv 相反的，對面的 drive off in the opposite direction 40 indicate vt 表示，顯示 indication n 指示，象征 1）A red sky at night indicates fine weather the following day 2）With a nod of his head he indicated to me where I should sit