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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) Question tags教案 牛津版必修1 Discussion 1. What are question tags? Question tags are short questions that e at the end of statements. 2. What are question tags used for? Question tags are used for agreement or confirmation. 3. Look at the following examples and tell in what different situations the question tags are used. Example 1: It’s a lovely day, isn’t it? Situation 1: to start a conversation in spoken English Example 2: Neither of you has heard the news, have you? Situation 2: to ask for information in a polite way Example 3: Pass the knife on the table to me, will you? Situation 3: to ask someone politely to do something Example 4: 1. You’re a high school student, aren’t you? 2. You’re a high school student, aren’t you? Situation 4: 1. to ask for agreement, using a falling tone. (The speaker is sure about what is said.) 2. to ask for confirmation, using a rising tone. (The speaker is not sure about what is said.) Examples 1. Looking good is important to women, isn’t it? 2.I was lucky, wasn’t I? 3.We shouldn’t be ashamed of the way we look, should we? Conclusion: All the question tags above are used to ask for agreement by the writer and they should be read in a falling tone. Rule 1： ? 前部分陳述句的謂語(yǔ)是be, do或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，反意疑問(wèn)句部分為“陳述句，be (do, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ)？”。 ? He cannot swim, ______ he? Yes, he can. Rule 2: ? 前部分陳述句的謂語(yǔ)是行為動(dòng)詞，反意疑問(wèn)句部分則為“陳述句，do/ does/ did/ have/ has/ had/ will/ would+主語(yǔ)？” ? He doesn’t like sport, ______ he? No, he doesn’t. Rule 3: ? 前部分陳述句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有ought to，反意疑問(wèn)句部分則為“ought/oughtn’t+主語(yǔ)？” ? Such things ought not to be allowed, ______ they? Rule 4: ? 前部分陳述句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有dare或need時(shí)，若dare和need為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)用do/does/did的適當(dāng)形式；若dare和need為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，疑問(wèn)部分用dare或need構(gòu)成。 ? We need to do it, ______don’t we? ? You daren’t go there, _____dare you? Rule 5: ? 前部分陳述句是there be時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句部分也用there be形式。 ? There is a radio on the table, ______isn’t there? Yes, there is. Rule 6: ? 前部分陳述句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有have to/has to/had to時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用do/does/did的適當(dāng)形式。 ? We have to get up at four tomorrow, ______ don’t we? Rule 7: ? 前部分陳述句的謂語(yǔ)有used to時(shí)，其疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以采用兩種形式。 ? He used to live in London, ___________ he? Rule 8: ? 如果陳述句是I’m---結(jié)構(gòu)，反意疑問(wèn)句部分一般用aren’t I。 ? I’m late, ______ I? Rule 9: ? 如果陳述部分以不定代詞one作主語(yǔ)，反意疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)在正式的場(chǎng)合用one，在非正式的場(chǎng)合用you。 ? One cannot be too careful, can _________one (you)? 一個(gè)人怎么細(xì)心都不會(huì)過(guò)分，是嗎？ Rule 10: ? （高考考點(diǎn)）含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的句子表示推測(cè)，作“想必”解釋時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)部分要根據(jù)must后面的動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)確定，不可用mustn’t。 ? a. 若前句強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)，疑問(wèn)部分用aren’t/isn’t或don’t/doesn’t+主語(yǔ)。 ? You must be tired, aren’t you? ? He must live here, doesn’t he? ? b. 若前句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是must have+過(guò)去分詞時(shí)，若前后強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)（一般有表示一般過(guò)去時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)），反意疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用didn’t/wasn’t/weren’t+主語(yǔ)。 ? He must have met her yesterday, didn’t he? ? c. 若前句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是must have+過(guò)去分詞時(shí)，若前后強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成（一般有表示過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如since then, ever before, just, already等），反意疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)用haven’t/hasn’t+主語(yǔ)。 ? You must have just seen the film, haven’t you? ? 注意：若陳述部分的must表示“有必要，必須”時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句部分則用needn’t。當(dāng)陳述部分的mustn’t表示“禁止”時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)部分一般用must。 ? You must go home right now, needn’t you? ? You mustn’t walk on grass, must you? Rule 11: ? 陳述句謂語(yǔ)部分出現(xiàn)否定詞綴時(shí)（前綴或后綴），反意疑問(wèn)部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。若含否定意義的詞不是否定句子的主要部分，整個(gè)句子也被視為肯定句。 ? He is unfit for his office, ______ he? ? We decided not to go there, ______ we? 我們決定不去了，對(duì)不對(duì)？ Rule 12: ? 如果陳述部分含有no, no one, none, never, hardly, neither, scarcely, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing, nobody等否定或半否定詞時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)部分用肯定形式。 ? He is hardly 14 years old, ______ he? ? No tractors are working in the fields, _____ they? 沒(méi)有一臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)在田里耕作，是嗎？ ? 注意：當(dāng)nobody和nothing在陳述部分作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其疑問(wèn)部分也可以用否定形式。 ? He said nothing at the meeting, ______ he? ? You saw nobody in the classroom, ______didn’t you? Rule 13： ? 1）在肯定與否定的祈使句后加上簡(jiǎn)短句will you，表示客氣。 ? Have a cup of tea, will you? ? 2）有時(shí)在陳述句后加上簡(jiǎn)短句is it，用這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示譏諷、感嘆等。 ? So that’s little trick, is it? 那么這就是你的小陰謀了，是嗎？ ? 3）（高考考點(diǎn)）陳述部分如果是“I don’t think (believe, suppose, expect---)+賓語(yǔ)從句”時(shí)，I don’t think (believe, suppose, expect---)中必須是第一人稱(chēng)I或We，屬于插入語(yǔ)，反意疑問(wèn)句部分中的動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該和賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)保持一致；此外，not本應(yīng)該置于賓語(yǔ)從句中，所以反意疑問(wèn)句部分必須用肯定形式。 ? I don’t think he can finish the work, can he？我認(rèn)為他完不成這個(gè)工作，是嗎？ ? 4）let開(kāi)頭的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句 ? a. let’s開(kāi)頭的祈使句的疑問(wèn)部分一般用shall we。 ? Let’s meet at the station, shall we? 我們?cè)谲?chē)站見(jiàn)面，好嗎？ ? b. let us/let me/let him/let the boy/let them開(kāi)頭的祈使句的疑問(wèn)部分一般用will you。 ? Let us begin to work, will you? ? 5）感嘆句式的反意疑問(wèn)句 ? 感嘆句式的反意疑問(wèn)句的疑問(wèn)部分一般用否定式，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)與感嘆句的主語(yǔ)一致。 ? What a pretty girl she is, isn’t she? ? How hard he studied the, didn’t he? ? 6）陳述句的主語(yǔ)是不定式，動(dòng)名詞或詞組時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為it ? Doing morning exercises has helped to improve her health, _________? Rule 14： ? 陳述部分有had better，would ,rather，would like時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分要注意區(qū)別簡(jiǎn)略形式。 ? You’d better go now, __________? ? You’d rather go there early, ____________? ? He’d like to go, _____________? Rule 15: ? 陳述句部分中有have時(shí) ? 1) have意為“有”時(shí)，可以有兩種形式。 ? He doesn’t have any sisters, _______? ? He hasn’t any sisters, ______? ? You have a Rolls-Royce, _________________? ? 2) have 意為“吃，經(jīng)歷，遭受，得到”等其它含義時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分只用do的適當(dāng)形式。 ? You all had a good time, __________? ? He often has colds, __________? ? 3) 當(dāng)含有have to，had to時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用do的適當(dāng)形式。 ? They had to take the early train, __________? Rule 16: ? 當(dāng)陳述句部分主語(yǔ)為this，that, everything, anything，something, nothing等時(shí)， ? 反意疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)用it。 ? Everything is all right, ________? ? Nothing can stop us now, ________? Rule 17： ? 當(dāng)陳述部分中主語(yǔ)為anybody, anyone, everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, those, these 反意疑問(wèn)句中主語(yǔ)用they。 ? Everyone knows the answer, __________? 反意疑問(wèn)句的回答方式與一般疑問(wèn)句一樣，肯定回答用yes，否定回答用no。 -Neither of us will have coffee, will you? -Yes, we will. (想喝) -No, we won’t. (不想喝) -His father can’t name the plant, can he? -Yes, he can. (他能) -No, he can’t. (他不能) Language points 1. consider Now he is considering taking some pills,which he thinks will make him bee stronger. 釋義： a. think about 考慮, 思考 b. be of the opinion, regard as 認(rèn)為,以為 c. take into account 顧慮, 體諒 consider (doing ) sth consider sb that clause / wh-clause consider it +adj./ n + for sb. to do consider sb as / to be 1. 我們已經(jīng)考慮了今天下午去科技館。 We have considered going to the science museum this afternoon. 2. 我認(rèn)為你不該為之受責(zé)備。 I consider that you are not to blame for it. 2. affect / effect / effort / offer Affect have an influence on Effect result, impression Effort trying hard Offer hold out, put forward Practice affect / effect / effort / offer 1. All the people there were affected to tears. 2. Kate was much affected by the sad news. 3. The book had a great effect on his future. 4. He used to offer me black bread for lunch. 5. Jim will make more efforts to learn English well. 3. recognize / realize recognize 釋義：know, identify again; 認(rèn)識(shí),認(rèn)出 be willing to accept ... as in the past; 承認(rèn),認(rèn)可 be prepared to admit;自認(rèn),知道 acknowledge; 公認(rèn),賞識(shí) 常見(jiàn)用法: recognize sb/ sth. recognize…as/ to be… recognize that… realize 釋義: be fully conscious of, understand 完全認(rèn)識(shí), 了解 convert …into a fact 使(計(jì)劃、希望等)實(shí)現(xiàn) exchange…for money 變賣(mài)(財(cái)產(chǎn)、股票等) obtain as a price or profit 賣(mài)得、獲得 常見(jiàn)用法: realize sb. / sth. realize that… Practice recognize / realize 1. Has he realized his mistake yet? 2. Dogs recognize people by their smell. 4. I don’t think you fully realize the importance of his talk. 5. She looked at the letter and recognized my handwriting.