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2019-2020年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) Unit5 名師點(diǎn)津 名師全程導(dǎo)學(xué)案（新人教版必修3） Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．All passengers ________ are expected to fasten the seat belts when the plane takes off or lands. A．on the board　　　　　　　B．on board C．on boards D．on a board 解析：選B。on board＝aboard上船/飛機(jī)/車等；在車/船/飛機(jī)上等。 2．It’s far away from here and it’s certainly not ________walking distance. A．within B．a(chǎn)t C．a(chǎn)round D．on 解析：選A。本題考查介詞。within walking distance表示走路就可以到。 3．—Mom，may I play puter games just for a while? — ________！ Dad is writing his paper. A．Help yourself B．It’s up to you C．Behave yourself D．Go ahead 解析：選C?？疾榻浑H用語。Behave yourself 好好的，聽話，規(guī)矩點(diǎn)(對(duì)孩子等的用語)。Help yourself請(qǐng)隨便(吃、用等)；It’s up to you由你決定；Go ahead行，可以，往下說、問等。 4．The football player had ________gift for football when he was a child. Now he is ________second to none in the football field. A．the；the B．the；a C．a(chǎn)；the D．a(chǎn)；不填 解析：選D。考查冠詞。have a gift for對(duì)……有天賦；second to none 不比任何人差，首屈一指。 5．The new model of car is so expensive that it is only ________the reach of those with high ines. A．beyond B．a(chǎn)t C．in D．within 解析：選D?？疾榻樵~。within the reach of……能得到/到達(dá)/拿到等。beyond/out of the reach of……得不到/夠不到/拿不到等。 6．With so much noise of the traffic, I couldn’t ________and do my research work. A．put down B．settle down C．break down D．take down 解析：選B?？疾槎陶Z辨析。settle down安心做某事。put down 放下，寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓；break down(機(jī)器)損壞，破壞；take down記下，記錄。 7．—Are you worried about the result of the exam? —Only ________. A．a(chǎn)bsolutely B．a(chǎn)pproximately C．slightly D．extremely 解析：選C。考查副詞辨析。slightly 稍稍，輕微地。由 Only 可知答案為slightly。absolutely絕對(duì)地，完全地；approximately大約，接近；extremely極其地，非常地。 8．There is no doubt，in my opinion， ________matters is not the speed，but the quality of the product. A．that B．which C．what that D．that what 解析：選D?？疾槊~性從句。that 引導(dǎo)的同位語從句說明doubt的內(nèi)容；在此同位語從句中含有一個(gè)主語從句what matters。 9．After two years’ research，we now have a ________ better understanding of the disease. A．very B．far C．fairly D．quite 解析：選B?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)用法。句意：經(jīng)過兩年的研究，我們現(xiàn)在對(duì)這種疾病有了更進(jìn)一步的了解。依句意，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)可以和比較級(jí)連用。 10．He came ________where I was hiding and my heart beat faster. A．more closely to B．much closer C．rather closer to D．quite closely to 解析：選C。close和closely都可用作副詞，但意思不一樣。close意為“靠近，接近”，常與介詞to連用；closely表示抽象意義，意為“密切地，仔細(xì)地”。根據(jù)句意排除A、D項(xiàng)，故選C。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A (xx屆英語周報(bào)第2期)Martin Frobisher, born in Yorkshire，went to London as a boy to be educated by a relative. He showed no talent for book learning，so his relative sent him to sea. Before reaching manhood, Frobisher had been on two voyages to the Guinea Coast. On the second he was captured and handed over to the Portuguese garrisoning(駐守) Sao Jorge da Mina(now Elmina, Ghana)，who allowed him to return to England. By the 1570s，England had largely abandoned hope of finding a Northeast Passage to Asia, and thoughts turned to the Northwest. Frobisher worked together with Michael Lok, a man of some wealth and learning. Frobisher’s first voyage, in 1576，took him to Frobisher Bay in Baffin Island. English investors(投資者)，including Queen Elizabeth, poured money into Lok’s pany of Cathay. Frobisher sailed again in 1577, this time to ship home what he mistakenly thought was goldbearing minerals.Lok still felt hopeful and sent Frobisher back in 1578. This time the mariner discovered the Hudson Strait. He followed the strait for nearly 200 miles, believing it to be a more promising Northwest Passage than Frobisher Bay. He brought home more dirt and rocks, but English confidence had gone；Lok went to a debtors’ prison and Frobisher sought other employment. Frobisher acpanied Sir Francis Drake to the West Indies in 1585－1586.When Philip Ⅱ’s Spanish Armada(無敵艦隊(duì))entered the English Channel in 1588, Frobisher’s part in the fighting was successful and he received knighthood(爵士爵位)．He died of a wound received near Brest，where he had been sent to relieve the siege(解除包圍)．He lived just long enough to be taken back to Plymouth. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文記敘了英國(guó)著名探險(xiǎn)家Martin Frobisher，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了加拿大的哈得孫海峽。 1．The underlined word“abandoned”in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by ________. A．kept alive B．given up C．seen D．shared 解析：選B。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)本句的thoughts turned to the Northwest可知，當(dāng)時(shí)英國(guó)人基本放棄了東北通道的探尋，把目光投向了西北通道，故選B項(xiàng)。 2．From Paragraph 3 we learn that Frobisher at first ________. A．brought gold to England B．discovered a Northeast Passage C．received strong support D．had been put into prison 解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句的including Queen Elizabeth和poured money 可知，F(xiàn)robisher 當(dāng)時(shí)得到了很大的支持，故選C項(xiàng)。 3．According to the passage, Frobisher died in ________ A．Frobisher Bay B．the West Indies C．Brest D．Plymouth 解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句He lived just long enough to be taken back to Plymouth可知，F(xiàn)robisher是被送回普利茅斯以后去世的，故選D。 4．Which of the following shows the right order of the events relating to Frobisher? a．He arrived in Baffin Island. b．He voyaged to the Guinea Coast. c．He went to the West Indies. d．He discovered the Hudson Strait. A．b，a，d，c B．b，c，d，a C．a(chǎn)，d，c，b D．a(chǎn)，b，c，d 解析：選A。事件排序題。根據(jù)第一段第三句、第二段最后一句、第三段第三、四句和最后一段第一句可知A項(xiàng)正確。 B What would you think if I told you I could eat 40 percent more food than other people—eating boxes of ice cream, bowls of noodles and plates of meat—all while losing weight? You might hate me, thinking I have one of those annoyingly good metabolisms(新陳代謝)that just burn up fat the instant it enters my body. You might wonder if I have an intestinal(腸的)worm, or perhaps an eating disorder. Or maybe you’d just shrug your shoulders and figure I have a rich fantasy life. You’d be wrong. For my body to finish such a surprising task, I would have to be a mouse. Not just any mouse, but one lucky enough to be involved in a new study at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston. After identifying an enzyme(酶)that allows fat to be stored in the body, scientists fed mice without those enzymes, and found those mice were able to consume far more food than other mice—and still weigh 10 to 15 percent less. Best of all, the mice that had no enzymes were in very good health, producing baby mice with no problem and generally acting like any other mouse. That’s great news for obesity researchers, who think that scientists may figure out a way to prevent the fatmetabolizing(脂肪代謝)enzyme in humans and control weight gain. And such a pill would be very exciting for many struggling to get rid of dangerous extra pounds. But don’t start planning any big dinner just yet: At this point, of course, any pill for humans is but a twinkle(閃爍) in the eye of every medicine pany’s CEO. More tests are to be made, and eventually humans will be introduced in the test. But for now，unfortunately，control in diet is still the key. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　想品嘗美味又害怕體重增加？休斯敦貝勒醫(yī)學(xué)院的一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)將會(huì)幫你消除這個(gè)顧慮。 5．What does “such a surprising task”in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Eating a lot of food while losing weight. B．Burning up fat very quickly. C．Controlling the diet. D．Having a rich fantasy life. 解析：選A。指代題。此處所說的任務(wù)是指第一段中作者指出的大量進(jìn)食體重還不增加，故選A項(xiàng)。 6．Why did the author say he / she had to be a mouse in Paragraph 4? A．Because a mouse can lose weight no matter how much it eats. B．Because the weightlosing tests were made on the mouse. C．Because the mouse has a very good metabolism. D．Because the author wants to try the food without the enzyme. 解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。作者在第四段指出要想多吃還不胖，除非變成休斯敦貝勒醫(yī)學(xué)院減肥實(shí)驗(yàn)中所用的那只老鼠，故選B項(xiàng)。 7．In the experiment, the mice without those enzymes ________. A．were in good condition B．put on weight C．became weak D．could not have baby mice 解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第一句話可知，沒有酶的老鼠的身體仍然健康如故，能繁育后代，行為與其它老鼠并無兩樣，故選A項(xiàng)。 8．What does the author want to show through the last two paragraphs? A．You can be free of guilt when having big dinners. B．Scientists cannot find the key to identifying the enzyme. C．Don’t overeat before the test is made on humans. D．It is unnecessary to control weight at present. 解析：選C。推理判斷題。文章最后兩段說明此類藥物仍在開發(fā)過程中，還未在人類身上進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，目前要想保持體重，關(guān)鍵還是在于不要過量飲食，故選C項(xiàng)。 C (xx年福建檢測(cè)C)Your home is a reflection of you... We understand you want windows and doors that suit the look of your home as well as improve its energy efficiency(效率). At Award Windows & Doors we believe in building what you want rather than trying to persuade you to want what we have already built. Call us today and we will be happy to find out how we can build our windows and doors just for you and your home. Jordan Primeau Ph: (403)850-4174 Fax：(403)451-1472 E-mail：jprimeau @ awardwindoors. Josh Stover Ph：(403) 982-1107 Fax：(403) 982-1107 E-mail：jstover @ awardwindoors. awardwindowsanddoors. It is what’s inside your home that matters That’s why we make windows that count. Our energy efficient windows will provide the best fort for your family and will save money on your energy bills all the year round. So you can concentrate on giving your family the things that matter most. Contact us to find out how our energy efficient windows can help you save on your energy costs all the year round, or visit us at our Renovations Showroom. 3900-106 Ave SE, Calgary, AB (403) 720-8055 allweatherwindows. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　文章向我們介紹了兩家以建造節(jié)能窗戶為主要特色的公司及其聯(lián)系方式。 9．According to the ads, the two panies are both expert at______. A．making windows and doors that suit the look of your home B．persuading people to want what have already been built C．building windows that help save your energy costs D．building your doors pletely to your taste 解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由這兩則廣告的內(nèi)容可以看出，這兩家公司都擅長(zhǎng)建造節(jié)能的窗戶。 10．The two ads are most probably about ________. A．managing money matters B．environmental protection C．a(chǎn)rchitecture styles D．home improvement & design 解析：選D。主旨判斷題。由這兩則廣告的標(biāo)題可以直接得出答案。 11．If you prefer fort as well as energy efficiency, you can_____. 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