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2019-2020年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) Unit5 名師點(diǎn)津 名師全程導(dǎo)學(xué)案（新人教版必修4） Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．There are 40 students in our class，who e from a ________of backgrounds. A．variety B．mixture C．extension D．bination 解析：選A。variety意為“多樣性，種類”，表示“他們來自不同的背景”。mixture“混合物，混合體”；extension“伸長，伸展，延伸，范圍”；bination“結(jié)合，合并，配合，組合”。 2．John worked hard at his lessons and gained ________to a famous university last year. A．permission B．a(chǎn)dmission C．a(chǎn)greement D．freedom 解析：選B。admission意為“準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入”，admission to university指“被大學(xué)錄取”。permission“許可”；agreement“同意”；freedom“自由，特權(quán)”。 3．He was found ________in front of the TV set， ________the football match. A．to sit；to watch B．seated；watching C．seating；watching D．seated；watched 解析：選B。第一個(gè)空，過去分詞作補(bǔ)語，表示狀態(tài)；第二個(gè)空，現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示伴隨。 4． ________many other similar ones，China Daily is ________newspaper. A．paring with；a most satisfied B．pared to；the most satisfied C．paring to；a more satisfying D．pared with；a more satisfying 解析：選D?？疾榉衷~。第一空，要填pared to/with，意為“與……相比”，是狀語從句If it is pared to/with的省略；第二空，現(xiàn)在分詞satisfying表示“令人滿意的”，常修飾物，符合題意。 5．The young man，determined to carry out his plan，cares little about ________others might say about it. A．what B．when C．which D．why 解析：選A。what在句中引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中作say的賓語。句意：年輕人決心繼續(xù)執(zhí)行他的計(jì)劃，而不顧其他人說些什么。 6．Most members of the mittee were in favour of the suggestion；only a ________were against it. A．majority B．minority C．quantity D．a(chǎn)mount 解析：選B。對應(yīng)于前面的“most members”(大多數(shù)成員贊成這個(gè)建議)，only引導(dǎo)的應(yīng)該是“少部分人反對”，所以用minority(少數(shù))。majority指“大多數(shù)”；quantity和amount都表示“數(shù)量”，但與后面的謂語不相符。 7．Not only ________the activity ________public awareness of world hunger，but raised a lot of money for the poor children. A．/；has increased B．is；increase C．has；increased D．/；increased 解析：選C。當(dāng)not only置于句首時(shí)，前一個(gè)分句要倒裝，后一分句不倒裝。句意：這項(xiàng)活動不但提高了公眾的世界饑荒意識，而且也為貧窮孩子籌集了很多錢。 8．Sorry，Madam.You’d better e tomorrow because it’s ________the visiting hours. A．during B．a(chǎn)t C．beyond D．before 解析：選C。during在……期間；before在……之前；at在某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)。beyond超過；比……晚。句意：對不起，女士。你最好明天再來，因?yàn)樘揭晻r(shí)間已經(jīng)過了。 9．The person who was taking photos asked the family to sit ________and listen ________to his order. A．closely；close B．close；closely C．close；close D．closely；closely 解析：選B。句意：那個(gè)正在拍照的人要求那家人坐近些認(rèn)真聽他的要求。close作副詞表示位置近；closely作副詞意思是“仔細(xì)地”。 10． ________tomorrow，our ship will set sail for Macao. A．However the weather is like B．However is the weather like C．Whatever is the weather like D．Whatever the weather is like 解析：選D。句意：無論明天天氣怎樣，我們的船都要駛往澳門。考查狀語從句，從句應(yīng)用陳述語序。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A (xx年東城檢測C)pared to people with bad attitudes, people who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds, according to a new study.“It’s possible that being upbeat helps the body fight illnesses”， says Sheldon Cohen, the study’s lead researcher from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in Pittsburgh. In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues put coldcausing viruses into the noses of 334 healthy adults. People who tended to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms. People who showed positive feelings were also less likely to mention symptoms to their doctors, even when medical tests detected those symptoms. Those findings were interesting, but they didn’t prove that a person’s attitude affects whether he or she gets sick.Instead, it was still possible that a person’s underlying personality is what matters.Evidence suggests, for instance, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and optimistic, with high selfesteem and a sense of control over life.This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, ultimately decides our chances of catching colds. To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotions), the CMU team interviewed 193 healthy adults.The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks.At the end of the interviewing period, people got nose drops that contained either cold or flu viruses. Then，each person stayed in an isolated room for 5 or 6 days.The results showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get infected.Their symptoms, however, differed depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the previous 2 weeks.Among those who reported good moods and had been infected with the flu virus, for example, 28 percent developed coughs and stuffy noses. On the other hand，those symptoms struck 41 percent of people who had been less upbeat. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　最新研究表明性格開朗的人往往覺察不到感冒的存在。 1．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Smiles Turn away Colds B．An Interesting Way to Beat Colds C．Be Outgoing and Optimistic to Fight Colds D．What Matters More, Personality or Emotions? 解析：選A。主旨大意題。本文是研究報(bào)道，第一段是文章的中心段，根據(jù)本段第一句內(nèi)容可判斷此項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)過于籠統(tǒng)。 2．In the previous study, people who showed positive feelings______. A．didn’t catch colds as often B．developed cold symptoms more slowly C．were less likely to have cold symptoms detected D．were less likely to feel cold symptoms 解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句的前半句內(nèi)容可知樂觀的人更不容易感覺到感冒癥狀。本句的后半句是說醫(yī)療檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)了感冒癥狀，由此可排除C項(xiàng)。 3．What mainly decides our chances of catching colds according to the new study? A．Personality. B．Selfesteem. C．Emotions. D．Attitudes. 解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Their symptoms，however，differed depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the previous 2 weeks.”可判斷關(guān)鍵因素是人的“情感”。下文內(nèi)容也有線索提示。 4．The underlined word “symptoms” probably means ________. A．something that causes cold B．something that results in cold C．signs that something exists, especially something bad D．changes in your body or mind that show that you are not healthy 解析：選D。猜測詞義題。本段前半部分提到試驗(yàn)中把引起感冒的病毒注入試驗(yàn)對象的鼻孔，樂觀的人很少有流鼻涕、咳嗽等感冒癥狀，甚至感覺不到異常變化，而本句中提到醫(yī)療檢查的確發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些symptoms，由此可推斷此處此詞的含義是“癥狀”。前兩項(xiàng)的意思基本相同，可排除；C項(xiàng)不貼切。 B (xx年廣州廣雅中學(xué)月考)Sixteen years ago，Eileen Doyle’s husband，an engineer，took his four children up for an early morning cup of tea，packed a small case and was never seen or heard of again.Eileen was astonished and in a state of despair.They had been a happy family and，as far as she knew，there had been nothing wrong with their marriage. Every day of the year a small group of men and women quietly pack a few belongings and without so much as a note or a goodbye close the front door for the last time，leaving their debts，their worries and their confused families behind them.Last year，more than 1,200 men and nearly as many women were reported missing from home－the highest in 15 years.Many did return home within a year，but others rejected the past pletely and are now living a new life somewhere under a different identity. To those left behind，this form of desertion is terrible blow to their pride and selfconfidence.Even the finality of death might be preferable.At least it does not imply rejection or failure.Worse than that，people can be left with an unfinished marriage，not knowing whether they will have to wait seven years before they are free to start a fresh life. Clinical psychologist Paul Brown believes most departures of this kind to be well planned rather than impulsive.“It’s typical of the kind of personality which seems able to ignore other people’s pain and difficulties.Running away，like killing yourself，is a highly aggressive act.By creating an absence the people left behind feel guilty，upset and empty.” 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文談?wù)摿艘恍〔糠秩藶槎惚軅鶆?wù)，逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)，不辭而別甚至從此消失的現(xiàn)象以及由此引發(fā)的問題。 5．When her husband left home，Eileen Doyle ________. A．could not forgive him for taking the children B．had been expecting it to happen for some time C．could not understand why D．blamed herself for what had happened 解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Eileen was astonished...”可以斷定C“她不明白為什么”是正確答案。其余三項(xiàng)均不符合文章意思。 6．Most people who leave their families behind them ________. A．do so without warning B．do so because of their debts C．e back immediately D．change their names 解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第二段的“without so much as a note or a goodbye”可知A項(xiàng)正確。 7．Some people would even prefer the death to the running away of their spouse because ________. A．their spouse would feel no pain during the death B．their spouse death would not blow their pride and confidence C．a(chǎn) desertion would not bring a feeling of rejection of failure D．their spouse death would make them feel less painful 解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知答案為D。 8．Which might be the title of the passage? A．Broken marriage B．New life after desertion C．A new social problem D．Desertion and its influence 解析：選D。主旨大意題。A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)的范圍太廣，B項(xiàng)偏離文章主旨，只有D項(xiàng)“遺棄及其帶來的影響”符合文章主旨。 9．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Many people choose to leave home quietly because they hate their family. B．Paul Brown regards leaving home as an act of selfishness. C．Those who are left behind will lose confidence and won’t marry again. D．Eileen’s husband，together with his four kids，was probably killed in an accident. 解析：選B。理解判斷題。依據(jù)第四段第二句“It’s typical of the kind of personality which seems able to ignore other people’s pain and difficulties”可知B項(xiàng)正確。 C (xx年湖北八校聯(lián)考二)He met her at a party.She was so outstanding，with many boys around her，while he was so normal，with nobody paying attention to him. At the end of the party，he invited her to have coffee with him.She was surprised，but due to being polite，she agreed. They sat in a nice coffee shop.He was too nervous to say anything，and she felt unfortable，thinking，“Please let me go home.” Suddenly he asked the waiter，“Would you please give me some salt？I’d like to put it in my coffee.” Everybody stared at him－so strange！His face turned red，but，still，he put the salt in his coffee and drank it. She asked him curiously，“Why do you have this hobby？” He replied，“When I was a little boy，I was living near the sea.I liked playing in the sea，and I could feel the taste of the sea，just like the taste of the salty coffee.Now every time I have the salty coffee，I always think of my childhood.I miss my hometown so much.I miss my parents who are still living there.” While saying that tears filled his eyes.She was deeply touched.That’s his true feeling，from the bottom of his heart.A man who can tell out his homesickness，he must be a man who loves home，cares about home，and has responsibility of home. Then she also started to speak about her faraway hometown，her childhood，and her family.That was a really nice talk，also a beautiful beginning of their story. They continued to date.She found that actually he was a man who meets all her demands；he was kindhearted，warm and careful.He was such a good person but she almost missed him! Thanks to his salty coffee！Then the story was just like every beautiful love story－the princess married the prince，and then they were living a happy life...And，every time she made coffee for him，she put some salt in the coffee. After 40 years，he passed away，leaving her a letter which said，“My dearest，please forgive my whole life lie.This was the only lie I said to you－the salty coffee”． “Remember the first time we dated？I was so nervous at that time.Actually I wanted some sugar，but I said salt.It was hard for me to change so I just went ahead.” “I tried to tell you the truth many times in my life，but I was too afraid to do that，as I have promised not to lie to you for anything.” “Now I’m dying.I’m afraid of nothing so I tell you the truth：I don’t like the salty coffee.What a strange bad taste！But I have had the salty coffee for my whole life！” “Since I knew you，I never feel sorry for anything I do for you.Having you with me is my biggest happiness for my whole life.If I can live for a second time，I still want to know you and have you for my whole life，even though I have to drink the salty coffee again.” Her tears made the letter totally wet. Someday，someone asked her，“What’s the taste of salty coffee？”“It’s sweet，”she replied. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　這是一個(gè)感人的愛情故事。男主人公與女朋友約會時(shí)，在咖啡店因?yàn)榫o張說錯(cuò)了話，本來要給咖啡放糖，卻叫服務(wù)員給他鹽。后來，為了信守愛情，他喝了一輩子的咸咖啡。 10．After ordering some salt to put into the coffee，the young man must have felt ________. A．touched B．satisfied C．disappointed D．embarrassed 解析：選D?？疾橥评砼袛?。從第五段可知，男主人公在和女朋友第一次約會的時(shí)候，向服務(wù)員要放進(jìn)咖啡里的鹽，此刻每個(gè)人都盯著他看，覺得他好奇怪，于是他的臉都紅了。由此判斷選D，此時(shí)他覺得很尷尬。 11．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Salt coffee is more delicious and sweeter than sugar coffee. B．The man ordered the salt coffee in order to create a chance to date with the girl. C．The man had to have salty coffee all his life to keep his word. D．The woman hardly believed the man’s explanation at their first date. 解析：選C?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。從文章的敘述可知，當(dāng)初男主人公因?yàn)榫o張，本來是要給咖啡加糖，結(jié)果說成了要鹽，于是喝了一生的咸咖啡，40年后，在他去世前給妻子的紙條上說明了事情的真相。故選C。 12．From the passage we can see that the man is ________. A．caring and kindhearted B．shy and sly C．dishonest but responsible D．warm and understanding 解析：選A?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。文章第十段說，女孩在約會中發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)男孩心地善良，做事很細(xì)心(kindhearted，warm and careful)。 13．It is implied in the passage that the woman ________when reading the letter left by her husband. A．was cheated by her husband’s behavior B．was touched by her husband’s white lie C．felt sorry to know the truth too late D．felt angry about his dishonesty 解析：選B。考查推理判斷。文章最后一段說，當(dāng)別人問她咸咖啡的滋味時(shí)，她回答說“很甜”，由此推斷，故事的女主人公被丈夫的這個(gè)謊言感動了。