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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語法專練專題十二句子成分基礎(chǔ)鞏固外研版 Ⅰ.單句填空 1.(xx課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)It takes them about an hour and a half 　　　 (go) to work every day. 2.The 　　　 (nation) park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants. 3.(xx課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅲ)I have grown not only 　　　 (physical), but also mentally in the past few years. 4.She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I 　　　 (admit) that I hadn’t. 5.Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see 　　　 (they) daughter settle down, get married, and have kids. 6.In many ways, the education system in the US 　　　 (be) not very different from that in the UK. 7.That young man is 　　　 (honesty), cooperative, and always there when you need his help. 8.When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I 　　　 (decide) to apply for the one that reflected my interest. 9.The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it 　　　 (publish). 10.It was really 　　　 (annoy); I couldn’t get access to the data bank you had remended to me. 11.Nick’s guests, 　　　 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could to me. 12.Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 　　　(sudden) became friendly to one another. 13.(xx福建)It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first 　　　 (impress)while what you say just 7 per cent. 14.September 30 is the day by 　　　 you must pay your bill. 15.The witnesses 　　　 (question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. 16.As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn’t allowed 　　　 (go) into the sports club. 17.I’d appreciate it if you would like to teach 　　　 (Ⅰ)how to use the puter. 18.I made a promise to myself 　　　 this year, my first year in high school, would be different. 19.You can borrow my car as long as you promise not 　　　 (drive) too fast. 20.To warm　　　 (he), the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the other. 21.The 　　　 (fail) was a big blow to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1.Nowadays, cycled, along with jogging and swimming, is regarded as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. 2.Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remain an essential skill for our survival. 3.A sudden stop can be a very frightened experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed. 4.Mary was silence during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice to her opinion on the subject. 5.Studies have shown that the right and left ear process sound different. 6.Know basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. 7.Whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily. 8.When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble think of the right things to say. 9.Before driving into the city, you are required get your car washed. 10.I noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people. 11.I also shared many photos taking in Beijing with my friends. 12.After waiting for half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. 13.He had time for a properly breakfast and was still the first to reach the factory. 14.When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city; I think I would be happy there. 15.There, Katia will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been to China several times. 答案精解精析 Ⅰ.1.to go　“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”為常用句式,故空格處填to go。 2.national　空格處在句中作名詞park的定語,故填提示詞的形容詞形式national。 3.physically　空格處在句中作狀語,故空格處填提示詞的副詞形式。 4.admitted　句意:她問我是否已經(jīng)把書還給圖書館了,我承認(rèn)我還沒有還?？崭裉幵诰渲信casked作并列謂語,且表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,因此應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故空格處填admitted。 5.their　句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到他們的女兒安頓下來,結(jié)婚生子?？崭裉幵诰渲凶髅~daughter的定語,故填形容詞性物主代詞their。 6.is　句意:在許多方面,美國(guó)的教育體制與英國(guó)的教育體制并無太大不同。根據(jù)語境可知,該句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故空格處填is。 7.honest　句意:那個(gè)年輕人誠實(shí)并且有合作精神,當(dāng)你需要他的幫助時(shí),他總是在那里?？崭裉幵诰渲凶鞅碚Z,結(jié)合語境可知,空格處填honest。 8.decided　句意:當(dāng)最后決定課程的時(shí)候到了,我決定申請(qǐng)能反映我興趣的課程?？崭裉幵诰渲凶髦^語,且表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,故用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。 9.was published　句意:這本字典已經(jīng)過時(shí)了:自從它出版以來,很多單詞被增加到了這種語言中。since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志,從句用過去時(shí),主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故空格處填was published。 10.annoying　句意:真的令人煩惱;我無法訪問你推薦給我的數(shù)據(jù)庫?？崭裉幵诰渲凶鞅碚Z,結(jié)合空前的It可知,空格處填annoying。 11.who　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間為非限制性定語從句,先行詞“guests”指人,且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語,因此應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。故空格處填who。 12.suddenly　空格處在句中作狀語,因此空格處應(yīng)用提示詞的副詞形式。故空格處填suddenly。 13.impression　句意:據(jù)說,肢體語言占第一印象的55%而你說的話只占7%。根據(jù)空前的定語first可知,空格處填名詞impression。 14.which　句意:9月30日是你必須付賬單的日期。the day是先行詞,關(guān)系詞在從句中作介詞by的賓語,故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。 15.questioned　句意:警察剛才詢問的目擊者對(duì)于打斗過程的描述出入很大。空格處在句中作名詞的后置定語,且表示被動(dòng)完成,故空格處填過去分詞questioned。 16.to go　句意:因?yàn)榻芸税褧?huì)員卡落在家里了,所以體育俱樂部不允許他進(jìn)入?？崭裉幵诰渲凶餮a(bǔ)足語,此處實(shí)際上是“allow sb. to do sth.”的被動(dòng)形式,即“sb. be allowed to do sth.”,故空格處填不定式to go。 17.me　句意:如果你教我如何使用電腦我將感激不盡?？崭裉幵诰渲凶髻e語,結(jié)合語境可知,空格處填提示詞的賓格形式。故填me。 18.that　句意:我向自己承諾,今年,我在高中的第一年,將會(huì)有所不同。myself之后為同位語從句,從句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故空格處填that。 19.to drive　句意:只要你保證不開得太快,你就可以借我的車。動(dòng)詞promise之后應(yīng)該接動(dòng)詞不定式to drive作賓語。 20.himself　句意:為了給自己取暖,那位海員坐在火爐前,光著的雙腳相互摩擦著。空格處在句中作賓語,結(jié)合主語和語境可知,空格處填反身代詞himself。 21.failure　句意:這次失敗對(duì)他來說是個(gè)沉重的打擊,可是他沒有氣餒,很快他又像以前那樣情緒高漲了?？崭裉幵诰渲凶髦髡Z,結(jié)合空前的定冠詞可知,空格處填名詞failure。 Ⅱ.1.cycled→cycling　句意:現(xiàn)在騎自行車與慢跑和游泳一樣,被認(rèn)為是最全面的鍛煉方式之一。前兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間的單詞在句中作主語,而過去分詞不可作主語,故cycled改為動(dòng)名詞形式。 2.remain→remains　動(dòng)名詞短語“Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings”作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式,故remain改為remains。 3.frightened→frightening　句意:突然停止可能是一次可怕的經(jīng)歷,尤其是當(dāng)你高速行進(jìn)的時(shí)候。 4.silence→silent　句意:瑪麗在討論的前一部分是沉默的,但是最后她說出了自己對(duì)這個(gè)話題的觀點(diǎn)。在題干中,was之后應(yīng)該使用silent作表語。 5.different→differently　句意:研究表明,左右耳處理聲音的方式是截然不同的。句尾的詞在句中作狀語,用于修飾動(dòng)詞process,故different改為differently。 6.Know→Knowing　will之前的內(nèi)容在句中作主語,故此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞作主語。 7.happily→happy　系動(dòng)詞feel后應(yīng)用形容詞作表語,因此happily使用錯(cuò)誤,happily改為happy。 8.think→thinking　此處為常用句式“have trouble (in) doing sth.”,意為“做某事有困難”,故think改為thinking。 9.required∧→to　根據(jù)“be required to do sth.”可知,get之前應(yīng)該添加不定式符號(hào)to。 10.noise→noisy　was之后應(yīng)用形容詞作表語,結(jié)合語境可知,名詞noise應(yīng)改為形容詞 noisy。 11.taking→taken　名詞photos之后為非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語,且表示被動(dòng)完成,故taking改為過去分詞。 12.impatiently→impatient　get之后應(yīng)該接形容詞impatient作表語。 13.properly→proper　在名詞breakfast之前應(yīng)用形容詞proper作定語。 14.think→thought　根據(jù)語境可知,think使用錯(cuò)誤,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài),故think改為thought。 15.who→whom　第二個(gè)逗號(hào)之后為非限制性定語從句,先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞作介詞of的賓語,故who使用錯(cuò)誤,應(yīng)改為whom。