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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)話題語篇專攻練26降飲食一外研版 Ⅰ. 閱讀理解 A 　　Here’s an experiment: take a bite of whatever food you have nearby and listen to some music, something with high notes. Now, take another bite, but listen to something with low notes. Notice anything? Researchers at the University of Oxford have been looking for a link between sound and taste. They’ve found that higher-pitched music—think flutes—enhances the flavor of sweet or sour foods. Lower-pitched sounds, like tubas, increase the bitter flavors. Charles Spence is leading that study into what he and his team call“multi-sensory food perception”. Spence tells how taste is the sense that unifies all of the others. “Flavor is probably one of the most multi-sensory of our experiences. . . because it does involve taste and more smell than we realize, ”Spence says. “But all of the senses e together to give us that one unified experience of flavor. ” “Texture is one of the more clear ways sound plays into taste, ”Spence says. “Think of the crackling of chips or the fizzy sounds of a carbonated drink—sound plays a major role in our experience of those textures. ” “But the other place where sound affects taste, ”Spence says, “is in the environment; imagine listening to the sounds of the sea while you’re eating fish at a seaside restaurant. ” Spence’s team is currently working on what he calls“synesthetic sounds”. By asking tasters to match flavors with sounds, they discovered the connection between high-pitched sounds and sweets and low-pitched sounds and bitter tastes. “You can then start creating experiences where you play particular kinds of music or sounds cape to diners or to drinkers while they’re tasting, ”he says. “We’re able to show that we can change the experience in the mouth by about 5 or 10 percent. ” Another one of the projects Spence’s team has worked on was something called“sonic seasoning”. They’d take the results of taste tests involving a myriad of flavors to posers and sound designers, who’d then craft sound experiences to match those taste experiences. 【文章大意】想提高你對(duì)食物的感覺嗎? 那么去聽聽音樂吧。高音調(diào)的音樂, 像長笛, 能增強(qiáng)甜味或酸味食物的味道。較低音調(diào)的音樂, 像大號(hào), 能增強(qiáng)苦味食物的味道。 1. The aim of the experiment is to find______. A. how eating speed influences taste B. how musical sound affects your taste C. what is the best music for a dining room D. what makes high notes and low notes 【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容和第二段的looking for a link between sound and taste可知, 這個(gè)研究的目的是想搞清楚音樂和味覺之間的關(guān)系。 2. To get better taste, you can______. A. take some food without smell B. eat your sandwich at seaside C. eat your crisp chips loudly D. drink a carbonated drink quietly 【解析】選C。推理判斷題。結(jié)合第五段的Think of the crackling of chips or the fizzy sounds of a carbonated drink—sound plays a major role in our experience of those textures. 可知發(fā)脆的薯片發(fā)出的聲音可以提高你對(duì)食物的口感。 3. What most likely increases your flavor of sweet? A. The violin. 　　　　　 B. The tubas. C. The guitar. D. The flute. 【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段的They’ve found that higher-pitched music—think flutes—enhances the flavor of sweet or sour foods. Lower-pitched sounds, like tubas, increase the bitter flavors. 可知, 高音貝的音樂可以提高食物的甜味感或酸味感, 低音貝音樂可以提高苦味感, 因此笛子的聲音可以提高甜味感。 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Music destroys your taste for food sharply. B. Music can improve the flavor of your food. C. Music will replace the salt in your food. D. Music affects your satisfaction in food. 【解析】選B。主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了音樂可以影響我們對(duì)食物的感覺, 比如高音貝的音樂可以增強(qiáng)甜味感或酸味感, 而低音貝的音樂則增強(qiáng)苦味感。 B Why do many of us find plete pleasure in eating raw sea creatures but aren’t so inclined to chow down on uncooked birds, cows or pigs? “A big part of it is gravity—or the effective lack of it in the ocean, ”says biophysicist Ole Mouritsen. “Fish are so soft. You can stick your finger through their muscles. Try doing that with a chicken or cow. Fish muscle is very different from that in land animals. Why? Because fish can afford to be lazier than land animals. Fish essentially float all the time. Fish don’t have to support their body weight, so their muscle fibers are shorter and less tough than those in land animals. ”The same goes for the connective tissue holding the muscle fibers together: It’s delicate and weak. By contrast, “Land animals—like ourselves—are always working to keep themselvesupright and keep their shape, ”Mouritsen says, “so our muscle fibers are thicker, tougher and firmer. ” In general, the more a muscle works, the tougher it gets. This idea explains why the belly of the tuna is very soft: The belly of the fish is the laziest muscle of them all. In contrast, those muscles that are more active in a tuna; the ones in its fins and tails, are a bit more chewier than other muscles. The muscle properties of fish also explain the rainbow of colors you see. “Fish that are constantly on the move—like a tuna—have muscles that are always working and burning carbohydrates aerobically, ”Mouritsen says. The muscles need oxygen to make energy. And the molecule that carries oxygen to muscle contains iron. Guess what color iron is in the fish? Red. In contrast, fish that mostly hang out in one place or on the bottom of the ocean have muscles that don’t rely on oxygen to create energy. No oxygen means no iron to carry it, which means the muscles tend to be white. So what about the salmon? They eat shellfish that are enriched with a pigment that’s related to carotene in carrots. This pigment creates the characteristic bluish-gray or green color of raw shrimp and crabs. The molecule turns bright pink or orange when the salmon eats the shellfish or we cook it. 【文章大意】為什么我們喜歡生吃魚肉, 而不是其他的肉類呢? 主要是因?yàn)轸~肉柔軟, 纖維短。造成這種情況的原因是魚類可以在海里漂浮, 而不用活動(dòng)來支撐自己的體重等。 5. According to Mouritsen, fish are soft because______. A. they are too lazy to move all the time B. they don’t have a heavy body weight C. they don’t work constantly to fight gravity D. they have tough connective tissues 【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Fish muscle is very different from that in land animals. . . are shorter and less tough than those in land animals. 可知, 魚可以在水中漂浮著, 而不用擔(dān)心引力的問題。 6. paring with the muscle in tuna’s belly, that in its tails is______. A. silkier　　　　　　　　B. smoother C. weaker D. firmer 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。結(jié)合第四段的The belly of the fish is the laziest muscle of them all. In contrast, those muscles that are more active in a tuna, the ones in its fins and tails, are a bit more chewier than other muscles. 可知, 金槍魚的尾巴總是活動(dòng), 因此那里的肉要比腹部的肉堅(jiān)韌一些。 7. The writer develops the fifth paragraph mainly by______. A. making a parison B. providing an activity C. testing an idea by reasoning D. introducing a practical method 【解析】選A。文體結(jié)構(gòu)題。從第五段的In contrast, fish that mostly hang out in one place or on the bottom of the ocean have muscles that don’t rely on oxygen to create energy. 可知, 在談?wù)擊~的顏色的時(shí)候, 這一段主要通過對(duì)比活動(dòng)的魚和不積極活動(dòng)的魚產(chǎn)生不同的顏色敘述的。 8. When we cook the salmon, it bees______. A. green B. pink or orange C. bluish-gray D. red and white 【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的The molecule turns bright pink or orange when the salmon eats the shellfish or we cook it. 可知, 烹調(diào)鮭魚的時(shí)候, 它們會(huì)變成粉紅色或橙色。 9. What might be the most suitable title for the passage? A. Why fish bee a little colorful B. Why gravity affects fish’s muscle C. Why we get hooked on raw fish D. Why some fish have special colors 【解析】選C。主旨大意題。本文主要說明了我們喜歡生吃魚肉, 而不會(huì)生吃其他肉類的原因, 因此C符合主題。 Ⅱ. 閱讀填句 　　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 　　How can we live better? It’s a big question for xx, what with financial belt-tightening and the need to bee more green. It’s an opportunity to seize, not shirk; a chance to focus on what really counts. Diet, but not to lose weight. For there’s a more interesting and enriching reason for eating less. Enjoy less, not more. __1__That’s the real test for us in a consumer age. Work to live, don’t live to work. In a year that will be marked by more job insecurity and credit crises, it will be even easier to work so hard that you miss what you want. Meet a friend face to face, when you might have chatted online. Friends sit down with each other, not just over the occasional meal, but frequently and often. __2__Texting and websites are part of modern friendship, but alone, they are not enough. Start each day by considering the worst that can happen. __3__But the odd thing is that it isn’t. In fact, the day will never look better. So hug the worst; it probably won’t happen. And enjoy the day. __4__There is a source of knowledge and insight all around us, and yet we barely notice it’s there. It’s not Google. It’s the strangers with whom we share our world. What is friendship, what is happiness, what is love? It was an extraordinary thing to do, and led to nothing less than the invention of philosophy. __5__If there’s one quality that you need not just to live, but to live well, it’s curiosity. With that, you’ll really see the world, and your life, and imagine it in a different light. Poetry is hard, so turn your observations into a blog. And see how you see things differently. A. Then, you see each other’s body and soul. B. Do something that will surprise your friends. C. It sounds like a recipe for pessimism. D. Talk to a stranger. E. Take a technology. F. Pleasure in small things. G. Write a blog for one week. 【文章大意】本文主要介紹了在新的一年里, 怎樣生活得更好的一些實(shí)際方法。 1. 【解析】選F。與空格前面的Enjoy less, not more信息相一致。 2. 【解析】選A。與空格前面的Friends sit down with each other朋友們經(jīng)常在一起, 和A的信息相符。 3. 【解析】選C。與前面的by considering the worst“考慮壞事”相符。 4. 【解析】選D。與下文的It’s the strangers with whom we share our world中的strangers一致。 5. 【解析】選G。與下文的so turn your observations into a blog中的blog一致。 Ⅲ. 短文改錯(cuò) 　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文, 請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤, 每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加: 在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧), 并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線(/)畫掉。 修改: 在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意: 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。 2. 只允許修改10處, 多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 Dear Peter, I’m very grateful for your concern about my ing exam. To tell you truth, I have been busy prepare for the exam recently. Some classmates are feeling real stressed due to the exam, but I don’t take them so seriously. I always learn in a relaxing mood and I’m making a great progress. Now that I had tried my best, it doesn’t matter much to me what the result is. In my opinion, we should keep a good balance among our study, rest or exercise. I believe we can be succeeded if we prepare for the exam in a proper way. I’d appreciate it if you could give me some good advices. Yours, Li Hua 答案: 1. 【解析】第二句truth前加the。根據(jù)詞組to tell you the truth說實(shí)話, 故truth前加the。 2. 【解析】第二句prepare→preparing。考查短語be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事。 3. 【解析】第三句real→really。此處stressed是過去分詞, 應(yīng)用副詞修飾。 4. 【解析】第三句them→it。根據(jù)此處應(yīng)用it代替前文的the exam。 5. 【解析】第四句relaxing→relaxed。in a relaxed mood以放松的心態(tài), 表示“感到……的”應(yīng)用v. -ed形式。 6. 【解析】第四句great前的a去掉。progress是不可數(shù)名詞, 故應(yīng)去掉a。 7. 【解析】第五句had→have。根據(jù)前后文可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 8. 【解析】第六句or→and。rest和exercise是并列關(guān)系。 9. 【解析】第七句succeeded→successful。系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞作表語。 10. 【解析】第八句advices→advice。advice是不可數(shù)名詞, 無復(fù)數(shù)形式。 ①taste v. 嘗起來　　　　　②flavor n. 味; 香料 ③chew v. 咀嚼 ④muscle n. 肌肉 ⑤lose weight減肥 ⑥fiber n. 纖維 ⑦delicate adj. 嬌弱的 ⑧occasional adj. 偶爾的