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,Unit1 Asia Grammar,Uses of it,翻譯下列句子，說出it 在句中表示的意思。 1. 明朝和清朝的皇帝曾住在故宮，但它在1925年的時候被變成了博物館。 The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live in the Palace Museum. But _______________________ in 1925. (it表示：_________________ ),Revision,it was turned into a museum,the Palace Museum,2. 有這么多形狀不尋常的巖石真是神奇。 ___________ that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes. (it表示：______________ ) 3. 從我家到學校大約3公里。 _____________________ from my home to my school, (it表示：_____ ),It is amazing,that 從句的內(nèi)容,It is about 3 kilometres,距離,4. 租一輛自行車，騎著它環(huán)游鄉(xiāng)村也很受歡迎。 _____________________ a bike and ride around the countryside. (it表示：___________________________ _____________,It’s also popular to hire,hire a bike and ride around the countryside,Uses of it,Look at the bird. It is so small.,We use it for animals and lifeless things.,Using it as a pronoun,There is a small house over there. It is mine.,The little baby is drinking milk. It weighs only 3 kilos.,We use it for a young child when we do not know whether it is a girl or a boy.,--Who was calling you just now? --It was my cousin.,We use it for an unknown person.,We use it for an action, a situation or an idea mentioned in a previous statement.,Riding around the countryside is popular in Guilin, isn’t it?,Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Lijiang River. It is a great fun.,1. 指代動物或無生命的東西。,2.指代看不出性別的嬰兒和小孩。,3.指代不知道的人。（尤指打電話和敲門的狀態(tài)下）,4. 指代前文出現(xiàn)的動作、狀況和主意。,總結1: it 做人稱代詞,The exchange students visited the Summer Palace yesterday. Kevin is writing about it. Read the passage below and find out what each it refers to. Write your answers in the blanks.,Yesterday we visited the Summer Palace and spent about three hours in it. The palace is a Chinese garden and mainly includes a hill and a lake. The lake is very big— it takes up three quarters of the area. It was frozen, so we could not row a boat there. It was really a pity.,1._____________________,2. ________________,3. ________________,4. ______________________,the Summer Palace,the lake,the lake,we could not row a boat,Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge. There are many stone lions on either side of it. The lions are all different from each other. Isn’t it amazing? While I was walking along the bridge, my mobile phone rang. It was my mum. I told her that the Summer Palace was well worth visiting.,5. ___________________,6. ___________________,7._____________________,the bridge,different lions,an unknown person,有時并不指具體的東西，可指天氣、氣候、地點、溫度、時間、距離、日期等。,It is 6:30 p.m. It is raining heavily outside. It is 1 January today. It is New Year’s Day. In Beijing, it is cold and windy in winter. It is two kilometres from my school to my home.,總結2 it 做非人稱代詞,Using it as an impersonal pronoun,it作非人稱代詞 1. 指天氣。 e.g. It’s raining. 2. 指時間。 e.g. It’s half past eight. 3. 指環(huán)境。 e.g. It’s quiet here. 4. 指距離。 e.g. How far is it from your home to your office?,The exchange students left for Shanghai. Kevin has made some notes in his diary. Rewrite his sentences with it.,Leaving for Shanghai,1. Today is 22 February. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning. ____________________. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning. 2. Shanghai is about 1, 300 kilometres from Beijing. ________________________ from Beijing to Shang hai.,It is 22 February today,It is about 1, 300 kilometres,3. I woke up at 5 a.m. this morning. _____________ when I woke up this morning. 4. I felt a little cold when we went out. The temperature was only 2℃. I felt a little cold when we went out. ________________. 5. Winter is very cold and dry in Beijing. In winter, ______________________________.,It was 5 a.m.,It was only 2℃,it is very cold and dry in Beijing,6. We arrived in Shanghai on a sunny day. ___________________ when we arrived in Shanghai. 7. We got to our hotel at noon. _________________ when we got to our hotel. 8. Our hotel is not far from the Bund. ________________ from the Bund to our hotel.,It was noon,It is not far,It was a sunny day,Using it to replace the real subject or object,Sometimes we use it to replace the real subject or object in a sentence. In this situation, we put the real subject or object later in the sentence in the form of a to-infinitive or a clause.,e.g. It is very tiring to climb the steps. It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside. It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave. Many people find it pleasant to travel around.,Useful structures with it It is + adjective + (of/ for…) + to… It takes… some time to… It is said/ reported/… that… …think(s)/ find(s) it easy/ difficult/… to…,it作形式主語或形式賓語 有時為了保持句子的平衡，常用it作形式主語或形式賓語，而把真正的主語或賓語放到句子的后面。 1. 形式主語。 e.g. It’s his duty to look after the sick boy. 2. 形式賓語。 e.g. I find it quite easy to get on with Tom.,It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave.,It is important that we should learn English well.,1）It is + adj. +that從句,總結3 it 做形式主語,2）It is + adj. +to do sth.,It is very tiring to climb the steps. It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside.,總結3 it 做形式主語,a. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。 常見的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ，stupid ， wise wrong等。 這個句型可以改寫為：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.,b. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 常見的形容詞有： important， necessary， natural , easy ， safe ，common ，normal ，hard ， difficult ,dangerous ， 等。 It is important for her to come to the party. 3). It takes sb. . to do sth. ＂做.要花費某人．＂ It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.,特殊句式 4) It is +v-ed +that 從句 It is said (reported， learned) that . 據(jù)說（據(jù)報道，據(jù)悉．．．）“。 It is said that he has come to Beijing.,Many people find it pleasant to travel around.,We think it important to learn a foreign language.,該句型中的it 作形式賓語，為了記憶方便我們可 稱該句型為“6123結構”。 6指主句中常用的動詞： think, believe, make, find, consider, feel； 1指的是形式賓語it； 2指的是賓補的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞； 3指的是真正賓語的三種形式： 不定式短語，動名詞短語或that引導的賓語從句。,總結4 : it 做形式賓語,He felt it important to learn English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.,總結4 it 做形式賓語,Miss Thompson, a British teacher travelling with the exchange students, is writing down what she thinks about Shanghai. Help her complete her notes with it.,Traffic: The traffic is often busy, but public transport here is quite good, so ________ (easy) for people to get around. Weather: __________ (sunny) and warm. We like ____ here. Environment: ________ (said) that the air is not clean here, but I do not think the pollution is as serious as I imagined.,it is easy,It is sunny,it,It is said,Signs: Shanghai is beautiful. ________ (fun) to ride around the city and visit the interesting places. Food: Chinese food is delicious. I will ask my family to go to a Chinese restaurant and try ____ when I get back.,It’s fun,it,Hotel: We all think ________________ (comfortable) to stay in this hotel. They provide a high level of service. People: The local people are friendly. __________ (kind) of them to answer all our questions.,it’s comfortable,It’s kind,n. 水平,n. 服務，工作,1. The lake is very big — it takes up three quarters of the area. 湖很大，占了四分之三的面積。 take up 占據(jù)（空間）；占用（時間） e.g. The table takes up too much space. 這張桌子太占地方了。 quarter n. 四分之一,2. Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge. There are many stone lions on either side of it. 湖上有一座十七孔橋，橋兩邊有很多石獅子。 倒裝句。表示方位的詞或短語置句首時，句子要完全倒裝。 e.g. On the wall are pictures. 注意：主語為代詞時不倒裝。 e.g. Out he rushed.,either det. & pron. 兩者之一 either… or… 不是……就是…… on either side of = on both sides of e.g. You may take either of the roads. 兩條路你隨便走哪一條。 Tom is going to buy either a guitar or a piano. 湯姆不是要買一把吉他就是一架鋼琴。,下列句中it的用法是什么？選出對應選項。 ( ) 1. It’s Tuesday today. ( ) 2. It’s two miles to the beach. ( ) 3. Yesterday I bought a bag. It’s red. ( ) 4. It’s better to be early.,剛提到的東西 b. 所未見或未知的人 c. 動物 d. 天氣 e. 時間 f. 環(huán)境 g. 距離 h. 作形式主語或形式賓語,e,g,a,h,( ) 5. It’s cold today. ( ) 6. It’s Lily’s dog. ( ) 7. I think it necessary to visit Mr Wang. ( ) 8. It gets very crowded here in the summer. ( ) 9. —Oh, by the way, there was a telephone call for you. —Who was it?,i,剛提到的東西 b. 所未見或未知的人 c. 動物 d. 天氣 e. 時間 f. 環(huán)境 g. 距離 h. 作形式主語或形式賓語,d,c,b,f,Homework,Finish the addtional exercise. Review Grammar.,Thank you!,