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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法 專題二 非謂語動詞 考點(diǎn)1　非謂語動詞作狀語 1．Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way ________ the sun and the stars.(xx重慶，11) A．used B．having used C．using D．use 2．When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，________ whether to stay or leave.(xx湖南，30) A．wondering B．wonder C．to wonder D．wondered 3．________in painting，John didn’t notice evening approaching.(xx天津，5) A．To absorb B．To be absorbed C．Absorbed D．Absorbing 4．________ for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.(xx天津，8) A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked 5．________ more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.(xx福建，28) A．Learn B．Learned C．To learn D．To be learning 6．Time，________ correctly，is money in the bank.(xx湖南，23) A．to use B．used C．using D．use 考點(diǎn)歸納 1．分詞作狀語表示時間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、伴隨或方式、目的、評論性狀語等；現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，過去分詞表示被動；分詞的完成時表示動作先于謂語動詞發(fā)生。 United，we stand；divided，we fall. 合則立，分則敗。(表示條件) He entered the room，following his father (followed by his father)． 他進(jìn)了房間，跟在他爸爸的后面(他爸爸跟在后面)。(表示伴隨) She fell off her bike，breaking her left leg. 她從自行車上摔了下來，摔斷了左腿。(表示結(jié)果) Personally speaking，it’s a good idea! 就我個人而言，我認(rèn)為這是個好的觀點(diǎn)。(評論性狀語) 2．不定式作狀語主要表示原因、目的、結(jié)果、評論性狀語等。表原因時通常和形容詞連用，如be happy/sorry/surprised/ashamed等；表目的時其前可加上in order或so as (so as to do一般不放在句首)；表結(jié)果時其前通常與only連用，往往表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。 She is interesting to talk to. 和她談話很有意思。(表示原因) To succeed，one must first of all believe in himself. 要想成功，首先應(yīng)該自信。(表示目的) Tom took a taxi to the airport，only to find his plane high up in the sky.(xx四川，6) 湯姆乘出租車去機(jī)場，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他要乘坐的飛機(jī)高高地飛在空中。(表示結(jié)果) I’ve never seen such a person，to tell you the truth. 實(shí)話告訴你，我從來沒有見過這樣一個人。(評論性狀語) 考點(diǎn)2　非謂語動詞作定語 1．Amie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ________ to guard her.(xx浙江，14) A．to appoint B．a(chǎn)ppointing C．a(chǎn)ppointed D．having appointed 2．There are still many problems ________ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.(xx北京，28) A．solving B．solved C．being solved D．to be solved 3．There’s a note pinned to the door ________ when the shop will open again.(xx山東，6) A．saying B．says C．said D．having said 考點(diǎn)歸納 1．分詞作定語，單個分詞作定語一般放在所修飾詞的前面；分詞短語作定語一般放在所修飾詞的后面；分詞的完成時(having done 或having been done)形式一般不作定語。現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語表示主動或進(jìn)行；及物動詞的過去分詞短語作定語表示被動或完成；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語只表示完成不表示被動。不定式作定語一般放在所修飾的詞之后，不定式表示的是將來的動作，主動形式用to do，被動形式用to be done。 This is a problem discussed. ＝This is a problem which was discussed. 這是一個已討論了的問題。 This is a problem being discussed. ＝This is a problem which is being discussed. 這是一個正在被討論的問題。 This is a problem to be discussed. ＝This is a problem which is to be discussed. 這是一個將要討論的問題。 2．動名詞作定語表示用途，如swimming pool相當(dāng)于a pool for swimming，reading room相當(dāng)于a room for reading 等。 考點(diǎn)3　非謂語動詞作賓(主)補(bǔ) 1．Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother________ good care of at home.(xx陜西，18) A．taking B．taken C．take D．be taken 2．Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it ________ live is quite another.(xx浙江，18) A．perform B．performing C．to perform D．being performed 3．He is thought ________ foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.(xx江西，34) A．to act B．to have acted C．a(chǎn)cting D．having acted 考點(diǎn)歸納 1．不定式作賓補(bǔ)有兩種情況：一是帶to，一是不帶to。通常情況下使役動詞及感官動詞后跟不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，但是變成被動語態(tài)后賓補(bǔ)變?yōu)榱酥餮a(bǔ)，這時不帶to的不定式要變成帶to的不定式。 It’s hard to persuade Dad to give up smoking. 說服爸爸戒煙很難。 She is often heard to sing the song. 經(jīng)常聽到她唱這首歌。 2．現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語有兩種情況：一是形容詞性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語表示事物的性質(zhì)特點(diǎn)；二是具有動作性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語表示動作正在進(jìn)行。 We all think the speech very inspiring. 我們都認(rèn)為這個演講很鼓舞人。 He was last seen playing in the garden. 最后一次看到他時，他在花園玩耍。 3．過去分詞作補(bǔ)語表示賓(主)語的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，與賓(主)語之間為被動關(guān)系。 Get your answers checked before you hand in the papers. 交試卷前，請檢查核對答案。 Almost no student is seen punished in that school. 在那所學(xué)校幾乎看不到學(xué)生被懲罰。 考點(diǎn)4　非謂語動詞作賓語 1．After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on ________ all the people who had helped in her career.(xx陜西，17) A．to thank B．thanking C．having thanked D．to have thanked 2．It’s quite hot today.Do you feel like ________ for a swim？(xx陜西，12) A．to go B．going C．go D．having gone 3．The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore，he can go shopping without ________.(xx北京，35) A．recognizing B．being recognized C．having recognized D．having been recognized 考點(diǎn)歸納 作賓語的非謂語動詞形式有不定式或動名詞。有些動詞后面只跟不定式作賓語(如want，hope，decide，promise等)；有些動詞后面只跟動名詞作賓語(如admit，advise，allow，avoid，risk，suggest等)；有些動詞后面既可以跟不定式也可以跟動名詞作賓語，但是意思有所不同(如stop，remember，regret，go on等)；在介詞(除but，except之外)后面一般用動名詞作賓語。 When it es to speaking in public，no one can match him.(xx江西，26) 當(dāng)提及在公共場所發(fā)言時，沒有人能比得上他。 I remembered to lock the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn off the lights.(xx安徽，24) 離開辦公室前我記著鎖門了，卻忘了關(guān)燈。 考點(diǎn)5　非謂語動詞作表語 1．While waiting for the opportunity to get ________，Henry did his best to perform his duty.(xx安徽，32) A．promote B．promoted C．promoting D．to promote 2．For those with family members far away，the personal puter and the phone are important in staying ________.(xx福建，30) A．connected B．connecting C．to connect D．to be connected 3．The engine just won’t start.Something seems ________ wrong with it.(xx重慶，34) A．to go B．to have gone C．going D．having gone 考點(diǎn)歸納 1．不定式作表語表示主語的具體內(nèi)容、目的等。 My goal is to be a scientist. 我的目標(biāo)是當(dāng)一名科學(xué)家。 What strikes me most is to see him always busy. 使我感到驚訝的是總看見他很忙碌。 2．動名詞作表語表示籠統(tǒng)的、抽象的概念。 My favorite sport is skiing. 我最喜歡的運(yùn)動是滑雪。 Seeing is believing.眼見為實(shí)。 3．作表語的現(xiàn)在分詞，往往具有形容詞的性質(zhì)，用于說明主語的性質(zhì)與特征。過去分詞作表語和系動詞連用，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，往往表示主語所處的一種狀態(tài)，有時候用于get＋v.ed結(jié)構(gòu)中。 The report is very encouraging. 這個報告非常鼓舞人心。 I got confused，even bored. 我被搞得迷惑了，甚至有點(diǎn)煩了。 考點(diǎn)6　非謂語動詞作主語 1．________ your own needs and styles of munication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.(xx湖南，23) A．Understanding B．To be understood C．Being understood D．Having understood 2．It’s standard practice for a pany like this one ________ a security officer.(xx山東，9) A．employed B．being employed C．to employ D．employs 3．No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when it’s better________silent.(xx浙江，3) A．remain B．be remaining C．having remained D．to remain 考點(diǎn)歸納 1．動名詞作主語往往表示一種概念、習(xí)慣或經(jīng)驗(yàn)。有時候用it作形式主語，常用于It’s useful/nice/useless...等句式中。 Going to bed early and rising early is a good habit. 早睡早起是個好習(xí)慣。 It’s no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。 2．不定式作主語往往表示一個具體的動作、一種愿望、目的或未完成的事，通常用形式主語it代替。 To stop the work now seems impossible. ＝It seems impossible to stop the work now. 現(xiàn)在停止這項(xiàng)工作似乎是不可能的。 To see is to believe. 百聞不如一見。 考點(diǎn)7　獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 1．Much time ________ sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.(xx江蘇，24) A．being spent B．having spent C．spent D．spending 2．The lecture ________，a lively questionandanswer session followed.(xx江蘇，29) A．being given B．having given C．to be given D．having been given 3．The party will be held in the garden，weather________.(xx新課標(biāo)全國，28) A．permitting B．to permit C．permitted D．permit 4．The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ them.(xx遼寧，25) A．to follow B．following C．followed D．follows 考點(diǎn)歸納 1．獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)由“普通格名詞(或主格代詞)＋分詞、不定式、名詞、形容詞、副詞或介詞短語”構(gòu)成，在句中作狀語，通常用逗號與句子的其他部分隔開。 Mary ing back，they discussed it together. 瑪麗回來后，他們一起討論了那件事。 Good luck given，I will earn more money than all of you. 運(yùn)氣好的話，我掙的錢將比你們所有人掙得都多。 2．介詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) with sb./sth.＋doing/done/to do，其中非謂語動詞作賓補(bǔ)，根據(jù)賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間的關(guān)系確定用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞。 He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky. 他躺在那里，眼望天空。 3．there be句型的非謂語形式 I’ve never dreamed of there being a picture on the wall. 我從未想到墻上會有幅畫。 I expect there to be many chances for her to get a job. 我希望她有很多機(jī)會找到工作。 There being ice on the road，I told the driver to slow down. 路上有冰，我讓司機(jī)減速慢行。 There having been no water for two days，the travelers were all very thirsty. 因?yàn)閮商鞗]有水了，所有游客都非?？柿恕? 考點(diǎn)8　“連詞＋分詞(短語)”結(jié)構(gòu) 1．Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands.(xx湖南，24) A．to leave B．leaving C．leave D．left 2．Children，when ________ by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.(xx湖南，21) A．to be acpanied B．to acpany C．a(chǎn)cpanying D．a(chǎn)cpanied 3．Once________，Jo devoted her life to looking after children and being a fulltime homemaker.(xx上海春招，33) A．having married B．being married C．marrying D．married 考點(diǎn)歸納 分詞短語作狀語時，有時前面可用一個連詞，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或出于表達(dá)需要，常用的連詞有：when，while，after，before，if，though，whether...or...，unless，as if等。有時這種結(jié)構(gòu)可看成是狀語從句的省略。 After taking the medicine，she felt better. 吃過藥后，她感覺好些了。 The man will die unless operated at once. 除非立刻動手術(shù)，不然那人就會死。 解題方法 方法1　正確判斷非謂語動詞 句子按結(jié)構(gòu)分為三類，即簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。并列句和復(fù)合句都需要連詞來引導(dǎo)，如果句子中出現(xiàn)了連詞，應(yīng)選謂語動詞形式；如果兩個結(jié)構(gòu)中未出現(xiàn)連詞，則考慮用非謂語動詞。 ________many times，but he still couldn’t understand it. A．Having been told B．Told C．He was told D．Though he had been told 答案　C 解析　用連詞but引導(dǎo)并列句，因此，前面與后句一樣也是個獨(dú)立的句子，故選C項(xiàng)。 方法2　正確判斷非謂語動詞和邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系 確定要選非謂語動詞之后，第二步要找到其邏輯主語。非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞的特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫作邏輯主語。非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語須和句子的真正主語一致，找不到其邏輯主語時，整個句子或句子的主語就是非謂語動詞的邏輯主語。正確判斷非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系是正確選擇非謂語動詞形式的保證，不管是作什么成分的非謂語動詞都體現(xiàn)以下特點(diǎn)： 1．如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間是主謂關(guān)系，可用現(xiàn)在分詞； 2．如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間是動賓關(guān)系，可用過去分詞。 ________ from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. A．Seen B．Seeing C．Having seen D．To see 答案　A 解析　句意為：從塔頂看，這座山的南邊腳下是樹的海洋。seen from the top of the tower是一個過去分詞短語，在句子中作狀語，其邏輯主語是句子的主語the south foot，它們之間是動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。 方法3　正確判斷非謂語動詞和謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間先后順序 非謂語動詞具備動詞的一些特點(diǎn)，也可以有動作發(fā)生的時間，對于謂語動詞，我們用時態(tài)來表示動作發(fā)生的時間；對于非謂語動詞不能用時態(tài)來表示動作發(fā)生的時間。非謂語動詞所表示的時間是一個相對時間，即相對于謂語動詞的時間而言。同時也需要了解非謂語動詞的不同形式所指時間的含義。如to have done，having done表示該動作在謂語動作之前發(fā)生；to be doing，doing強(qiáng)調(diào)與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生。 Dina，________ for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency. A．struggling B．struggled C．having struggled D．to struggle 答案　C 解析　句意為：Dina，奮斗了幾個月，想找個做女服務(wù)員的工作，最后在當(dāng)?shù)匾患覐V告社謀到了一個職位。因Dina與struggle之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；且struggle發(fā)生在took之前，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式作定語。 1．Early in the morning，an old craftsman was invited to our class，bringing a large suitcase of tools and materials.(xx北京，書面表達(dá)二) 一大早，一位老藝人帶著一大箱工具和材料被邀請到我們的教室。(現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語) 2．Being a poor student，the boy couldn’t afford candles for light.(xx福建) 因?yàn)槭且粋€窮學(xué)生，這個小男孩買不起照明用的蠟燭。(現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語) 3．It takes four to six weeks to finish the report.(xx廣東，基礎(chǔ)寫作) 完成這份報告需要四到六周的時間。(不定式作主語) 4．Thinking that his solution might be wrong，I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.(xx湖北) 考慮到他的解決方法可能不對，我仔細(xì)分析了這個問題并盡量用不同的方法去解決。(現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語) 5．Secondly，I will have enough motivation to make more progress in my study and many other things.(xx湖南) 其次，我將有足夠的動力在學(xué)習(xí)以及其他很多方面取得更大的進(jìn)步。(不定式作定語) 6．In fact，traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order.(xx江蘇) 事實(shí)上，交通規(guī)則是與公共秩序密切相關(guān)的規(guī)則。(過去分詞作定語) 7．Our class plan to visit the nursing home this Sunday in order to help the elderly there and enrich our afterclass life at the same time.(xx全國Ⅱ) 我們班本周日計(jì)劃參觀敬老院，其目的是幫助那里的老年人同時豐富我們的課外生活。(不定式作賓語和目的狀語) 8．Sometimes giving up a little can mean getting more.(xx浙江) 有時候適當(dāng)放棄意味著有更多的收獲。(動名詞作主語和賓語) 提醒：完成作業(yè)　強(qiáng)化練(二)  強(qiáng)化練(二)　非謂語動詞 (建議用時：12分鐘) 1．—Johnson is said to be the first young teacher ________ to professor in your university this year. —Exactly.________ of his own petence is an important factor in his success.(xx泰州二模，25) A．promoted；Convincing B．to have been promoted；Convincing C．promoted；Convinced D．to have been promoted；Being convinced 2．Flocks of customers joined Alibaba Singles’ Day，Hong Kong，the U．S.and Russia ________ the top three outside.(xx南京、鹽城二模，26) A．claimed B．to be claimed C．claiming D．being claimed 3．Joint development plan of NanjingZhenjiangYangzhou ________，the residents of the areas will enjoy a happier life.(xx揚(yáng)州一模，30) A．was released B．being released C．released D．having released 4．—Could you please explain the assignment for Monday，Miss Smith? —Certainly.Read the next chapter and e to class ________ to discuss what you’ve read.(xx南京、鹽城一模，24) A．preparing B．prepared C．to prepare D．to be prepared 5．Acceptance is not about liking a situation.It is about acknowledging all that has been lost and ________ to live with that loss.(xx南京三模，24) A．learning B．learned C．to learn D．having learned 6．Who do the passengers on board think it is up to ________ a final decision about such a matter？(xx南通第二次調(diào)研，34) A．make B．making C．to make D．to be making 7．The first time I saw him，what impressed me most were his waistline ________ nearly 3 chi and his obesity ________ 210 jin.(xx江蘇百校聯(lián)考，33) A．measured；weighed B．measuring；weighing C．measured；weighing D．measuring；weighed 8．One third of the Ukrainian population live in the eastern region near Russia and speak Russian，most of them ________ closer to Russia.(xx蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)二模，27) A．a(chǎn)re feeling B．feel C．feeling D．a(chǎn)re felt 9．Have you seen the boys ________ Little Apple？That’s such a beautiful scene that I dare not have my eyes ________ on it. A．dancing；fixing B．dance；fixing C．dance；fixed D．to dance；fixed 10．China’s emerce giant Alibaba had an amazing year as the Nov.11 shopping carnival set a new record，the Double Twelve shopping day ________ with success. A．having followed B．following C．followed D．to follow 11．All of us have read thrilling stories in which the heroes have only a limited time to live.Such stories set us ________，________ what we should do under similar circumstances. A．thinking；wondering B．to think；wondering C．thinking；to wonder D．to think；to wonder 12．Carbon dioxide is said ________ the earth twice as quickly as previously feared. A．to be heated B．to be heating C．to have heated D．to have been heated 13．________ by flowers and applause doesn’t necessarily mean one is living a happy life. A．Acpanied B．Having acpanied C．To be acpanied D．Being acpanied 14．Over 200,000 hotel reservations were made in Hong Kong through Taobao last year，________ it the most popular travel destination among Chinese netizens. A．making B．to make C．having made D．made 15．________ nice，the food was all eaten up soon. A．Tasting B．Taste C．Tasted D．To taste 16．Have you seen the boys ________ “Little Apple”？That’s such a beautiful scene that I dare not have my eye ________ on it. A．dancing；fixing B．dance；fixing C．to dance；fixed D．dance；fixed 17．Shanghai is the first city in the world ________ a highspeed maglev train，from the city to Pudong Airport. A．to build B．to be built C．to have built D．to have been built 18．________ the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter. A．Devoted to teach B．Devoted herself to teaching C．Devoting to teach D．Devoting herself to teaching 19．Fear is one of the many enemies hidden inside us，and if ________ uncontrolled，it can destroy our lives. A．leaving B．left C．having left D．to be left 20．It is considered that there is a tenmonth supply of newlybuilt houses ________ in our city. A．to be sold B．having sold C．selling D．sold  學(xué)生用書答案精析 專題二　非謂語動詞 考點(diǎn)1 1．C　[考查非謂語動詞作方式狀語。句意為：就像古時候的水手一樣，鳥能利用太陽和星星找到它們的路。根據(jù)語境，use與其句中隱含的邏輯主語birds之間為主動關(guān)系，故用v.ing形式的一般式，在句中作方式狀語，相當(dāng)于by using the sun and the stars的省略。] 2．A　[考查非謂語動詞作伴隨狀語。句意為：那名店員看到一張友善的臉，臉上因歉意的微笑布滿了皺紋，這時她愣在了那里，琢磨著是走還是留。句子的主語she與wonder之間是主動關(guān)系，且wonder與主句謂語stood是同時發(fā)生的，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。] 3．C　[考查非謂語動詞作原因狀語。句意為：由于專心于繪畫，約翰沒有注意到夜幕正在降臨。此處的Absorbed in painting相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句Because he was absorbed in painting的省略。] 4．D　[考查非謂語動詞作時間狀語。句意為：工作了兩天后，史蒂夫設(shè)法準(zhǔn)時完成了報告。動詞work與句子主語Steve之間為主謂關(guān)系，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；同時work的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞managed to finish之前，故要用完成時。] 5．C　[考查非謂語動詞作目的狀語。句意為：為了了解更多的中國文化，杰克決定選擇中國民族音樂作為選修課。逗號后面沒有連詞，可以判斷此處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞，排除A項(xiàng)；learn與其邏輯主語Jack之間是主動關(guān)系，排除B項(xiàng)；此處用動詞不定式作目的狀語。] 6．B　[考查非謂語動詞作條件狀語。句意為：使用得當(dāng)，時間就是銀行里的錢。要填的是非謂語形式，而且use和主語time是動賓關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞表被動，相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句：if it (time) is used correctly。] 考點(diǎn)2 1．C　[考查過去分詞作定語。句意為：Amie Salmon是個殘疾人，在校期間由委派來看護(hù)她的一位護(hù)士全程照顧。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是a nurse的后置定語；a nurse與appoint之間為被動關(guān)系，故要用過去分詞(appointed)作定語。] 2．D　[考查不定式作定語。句意為：在我們準(zhǔn)備在月球上長住之前，還有很多問題需要解決。由there are可知設(shè)空處為非謂語動詞作后置定語，修飾problems；根據(jù)時間狀語從句before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon可知，動作solve發(fā)生在將來，故用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)；而且problems與solve之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。] 3．A　[考查現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知句中已經(jīng)有了謂語動詞is，故首先排除B項(xiàng)says。A項(xiàng)saying表示主動；C項(xiàng)said表示被動；D項(xiàng)having said表示動作先于is的動作發(fā)生。從邏輯關(guān)系上看，note與say之間是主動關(guān)系，所以選A項(xiàng)，在此用現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語。] 考點(diǎn)3 1．B　[考查非謂語動詞作賓補(bǔ)。句意為：李博士在非洲進(jìn)行了兩年的醫(yī)療服務(wù)，回來后看到他的母親在家里被照顧得很好他很高興。此處是“see＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語補(bǔ)足語可以是do，doing或者done。若賓語與補(bǔ)語之間是主動關(guān)系，且強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程，用省略to的動詞不定式，即do；若賓語與補(bǔ)語之間是主動關(guān)系，且強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行，用doing；若賓語與補(bǔ)語之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。此處his mother與take good care of之間是被動關(guān)系，故選B項(xiàng)。] 2．D　[考查非謂語動詞作賓補(bǔ)。句意為：在家聽音樂是一回事，去現(xiàn)場聽正在被演奏的音樂完全是另外一回事。題干中含有“hear＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語it(指代music)與perform之間存在被動關(guān)系，且此處表示去現(xiàn)場聽正在被演奏的音樂，故應(yīng)用being performed作賓語補(bǔ)足語。] 3．B　[考查非謂語動詞作主補(bǔ)。sb.be thought to...某人被認(rèn)為……，是固定句式。句意為：他被認(rèn)為是舉止愚蠢的，現(xiàn)在失去這份工作他只能責(zé)怪自己，不能怨別人。根據(jù)句意可知，他表現(xiàn)很糟糕是在丟掉工作之前，所以用不定式的完成式。故B項(xiàng)正確。] 考點(diǎn)4 1．A　[考查不定式作賓語。句意為：在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎之后，安妮本尼迪克特繼續(xù)感謝所有曾經(jīng)在她的事業(yè)中幫助她的人。go on to do sth.繼續(xù)做另一件事；go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做同一件事。拿獎后又繼續(xù)做另一件事，即“感謝所有幫助過她的人”，所以選A。] 2．B　[考查動名詞作賓語。句意為：今天很熱。你想去游泳嗎？feel like想要，后面接名詞、代詞或動名詞。feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”。D項(xiàng)having gone表示動作已完成，不符合語境。] 3．B　[考查動名詞的被動式作賓語。句意為：那位影星戴著墨鏡，因此他可以在沒人認(rèn)出的情況下購物了。without為介詞，后面接動名詞形式；the film star與recognize之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用動名詞的被動式，即“being done”結(jié)構(gòu)。] 考點(diǎn)5 1．B　[考查現(xiàn)在分詞作表語。句意為：當(dāng)?shù)却龣C(jī)會升職的時候，Henry盡最大努力履行職責(zé)。這里使用了get done結(jié)構(gòu)，表示被動關(guān)系。] 2．A　[考查形容詞作表語。句意為：對那些與家人離得比較遠(yuǎn)的人來說，個人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面很重要。本句中的關(guān)鍵詞是stay(保持)，它是一個連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語。connected可作形容詞，意為“有聯(lián)系的，有來往的”，符合句意。] 3．B　[考查不定式作表語。動詞seem后只能接不定式，不接doing，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；又go wrong動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，故用不定式的完成式。] 考點(diǎn)6 1．A　[考查非謂語動詞。________ your own needs and styles of munication作題干的主語，應(yīng)用動名詞形式；因?yàn)椤傲私狻钡膭幼饔勺约喊l(fā)出，用主動動作；且是陳述一個客觀事實(shí)，用動名詞的一般式，故選A。] 2．C　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的“________ a security officer”；再根據(jù)句型“It is＋n.＋for sb.to do sth.”，故選to employ。] 3．D　[句意為：不論一個健談?wù)叨嗝绰斆?，有些時候最好還是保持沉默。復(fù)合句中when引導(dǎo)的從句的主語為形式主語it，此時真正的主語可以為主語從句或不定式。 ] 考點(diǎn)7 1．C　[考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：由于大部分時間坐在辦公桌前，辦公室職員通常被健康問題所困擾。由于句中沒有連詞，故前半句要用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；time與spend之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。] 2．D　[考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：演講結(jié)束后，緊跟著是一個生動的互動環(huán)節(jié)。由于句中沒有連詞，故前半句要用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；the lecture與give之間為被動關(guān)系，且動作發(fā)生在動詞follow之前，故選D項(xiàng)。] 3．A　[考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：如果天氣允許的話，聚會將在花園里舉行。weather permitting是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，即if weather permits。] 4．B　[考查with結(jié)構(gòu)。with后跟名詞或者代詞作賓語，后面的動詞要用非謂語形式，這樣可以排除D項(xiàng)。follow的動作是dog發(fā)出的，因此是主動關(guān)系，排除C項(xiàng)；動詞不定式表達(dá)將來的動作，而此處表達(dá)的是伴隨發(fā)生的動作，因此排除A項(xiàng)。故選B項(xiàng)。句意為：晚飯后這對老夫妻經(jīng)常在公園里散步，他們的寵物狗跟在他們后面。] 考點(diǎn)8 1．D　[考查非謂語動詞。句意為：如果落在不合適的人的手中，電子游戲就會有一個很壞的影響。leave的邏輯主語是video games，它們之間是動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。if left...是“連詞＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成的狀語從句的省略。] 2．D　[考查非謂語動詞。句意為：孩子們在父母的陪同下才被允許進(jìn)入該體育館。因?yàn)閏hildren和acpany之間是被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該使用過去分詞acpanied。此處是狀語從句的省略。當(dāng)主從句的主語一致，且從句謂語中含有be動詞時，可將從句中的主語和be動詞一起省略，本題中的從句還原后是when they are acpanied by their parents。] 3．D　[考查非謂語動詞。句意為：一旦結(jié)婚了，喬會全身心地照看孩子，當(dāng)家庭主婦。從句是省略句，完整句為once she was married。]  二輪專題強(qiáng)化練答案精析 強(qiáng)化練(二)　非謂語動詞 1．D　[句意為：——據(jù)說約翰遜是今年你們大學(xué)第一個被晉升為教授的青年教師?！_實(shí)。相信他自己的能力是他成功的重要因素。由于young teacher前有the first修飾，故其后用動詞不定式作定語；約翰遜已經(jīng)被提拔，應(yīng)用to have ben promoted結(jié)構(gòu)；另外，根據(jù)convince的用法，構(gòu)成be convinced of...，此處作主語，故用動名詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)，選D項(xiàng)。] 2．C　[句意為：成群的顧客加入了阿里巴巴的光棍節(jié)，香港、美國和俄羅斯成為大陸以外的前三甲。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句后半部分應(yīng)該是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，Hong Kong，the U．S.and Russia為claim的邏輯主語，與claim之間存在主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選C項(xiàng)。] 3．C　[句意為：南京、鎮(zhèn)江、揚(yáng)州聯(lián)合發(fā)展計(jì)劃已經(jīng)公布，這些區(qū)域的居民將享受更加幸福的生活。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，逗號前應(yīng)為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；另外plan是被公布，而且是已經(jīng)被公布，應(yīng)用過去分詞，故選C項(xiàng)。] 4．B　[句意為：——史密斯小姐，請說明一下周一的任務(wù)好嗎？——當(dāng)然可以。閱讀下一章，來上課的時候準(zhǔn)備好討論你所讀的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)為狀語，表示狀態(tài)。句子的邏輯主語與prepare之間存在被動關(guān)系，用prepared表示被動和完成，說明到學(xué)校的時候已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，而不是正在準(zhǔn)備或?qū)⒁獪?zhǔn)備，故選B項(xiàng)。] 5．A　[句意為：接受不是說喜歡某種情況，而是承認(rèn)你所失去的并學(xué)會在有損失的情況下繼續(xù)生活下去。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知and連接兩個并列成分，acknowledging...和learning to...都作介詞about的賓語，都用動名詞形式，故選A項(xiàng)。] 6．C　[句意為：船上的乘客認(rèn)為該由誰來就這樣的事情做出最后的決定呢？特殊疑問詞who是up to的賓語。It is up to sb.to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中it為形式主語，to do sth.為真正的主語，故選C項(xiàng)。] 7．B　[句意為：我第一次見到他的時候，給我印象最深刻的是他那將近三尺的腰圍和210斤的體重。第一空用measuring nearly 3 chi作定語，修飾waistline，waistline與measure之間存在主動關(guān)系；第二空用weighing 210 jin作定語，修飾his obesity，同樣his obesity與weigh之間也存在主動關(guān)系，兩空都用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，故選B項(xiàng)。] 8．C　[句意為：三分之一的烏克蘭人居住在靠近俄羅斯的東部地區(qū)，說的語言是俄語，他們中的大多數(shù)人感覺跟俄羅斯更親近。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，逗號后面的內(nèi)容不應(yīng)該構(gòu)成句子，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C項(xiàng)。] 9．C　[考查非謂語動詞作補(bǔ)語。句意為：你見過那些男生跳《小蘋果》嗎？畫面太美不忍直視。see sb.do sth.表示“見過某人做某事”；第二個空構(gòu)成短語fix one’s eyes on sth.，eyes和fix之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞作補(bǔ)語，故選C。]