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2019-2020年高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第四部分 寫作 專題三 語篇寫作 第2講 圖表作文素能特訓(xùn) Ⅰ.完形填空 [xx吉林長(zhǎng)春質(zhì)檢三]Dont let Auroras small stature (身高) fool you—her spirit is strong. She is one of 140 chickens __1__ from a farm. When we saved her, she was tiny and sick and it seemed __2__ that she would survive. Having never got the right __3__， many of the chickens were sick and some __4__ died. At a young age，Aurora and her sisters and brothers were __5__ by their mom.Luckily，another mother __6__ their care.Aurora seemed the last to __7__ food and attention. She grew at a much slower __8__ than her brothers and sisters. Everything seemed __9__ her. At the young age of seven months, Aurora had lost two moms and was __10__ to find a place with the other chickens. Aurora __11__ found fort from an old chicken named Margaret, staying under her wings during the cold nights, __12__ Margaret was so old that a few months later she died. Aurora, in her own way, thinks of Margaret. Every evening, you will find her in the __13__ spot where she kept Margaret pany. __14__ when the other chickens try to __15__ her away, Aurora es back. As Aurora grew, we became __16__ at her love to simply live. Nothing __17__ her. So remember, when life seems so __18__ that you cant take it, think of Aurora. She has lost two moms, watched her sisters and brothers die, and __19__ from serious illnesses. Yet she enjoys the small, sweet __20__ life has offered—safety, food, warmth and good friendships. 本文描述了一只小雞為了生存與各種困難頑強(qiáng)抗?fàn)幍墓适隆? 1．A.raised B．purchased C．rescued D．collected 答案：C　根據(jù)下文中的“When we saved her”的提示可知，她是被從農(nóng)場(chǎng)救出來的140只小雞中的一只。raise“提起，養(yǎng)育”；purchase“購(gòu)買”；rescue“營(yíng)救”；collect“收集”。 2．A.hopeful B．proper C．possible D．unlikely 答案：D　根據(jù)空前的“she was tiny and sick”可知，小雞生病了而且還很弱小，故此處是說她似乎不太可能活下來。hopeful“有希望的”；proper“恰當(dāng)?shù)摹保籶ossible“可能的”；unlikely“不大可能的”。 3．A.touch B．care C．gift D．partner 答案：B　根據(jù)“many of the chickens were sick”可判斷出，因?yàn)闆]有得到適當(dāng)?shù)恼疹?，很多小雞才會(huì)生病甚至一些不幸死亡。touch“觸摸”；care“照顧”；gift“禮物”；partner“搭檔”。 4．A.sadly B．a(chǎn)ngrily C．coldly D．calmly 答案：A　參見上題解析。sadly“不幸地”；angrily“憤怒地”；coldly“冷漠地”；calmly“平靜地”。 5．A.punished B．refused C．a(chǎn)bandoned D．scolded 答案：C　根據(jù)下文的“Luckily another mother”以及“Aurora had lost two moms”可以推斷，第一個(gè)母親遺棄了她和她的兄弟姐妹們。punish“懲罰”；refuse“拒絕”；abandon“遺棄”；scold“責(zé)罵”。 6．A.took on B．put forward C．looked after D．brought about 答案：A　幸運(yùn)的是，另外一個(gè)母親決定照顧他們。take on“決定做，承擔(dān)”；put forward“提出”；look after“照顧”；bring about“導(dǎo)致”。 7．A.get B．eat C．draw D．offer 答案：A　根據(jù)下文“她比她的兄弟姐妹們長(zhǎng)得慢”可知，此處是說她看起來是最后一個(gè)得到(get)食物和關(guān)心的。 8．A.cost B．rate C．standard D．value 答案：B　根據(jù)本文第一句提到的“small stature(身高)”以及上一句提到的“l(fā)ast to __7__ food and attention”可以判斷，Aurora生長(zhǎng)的速度慢于她的兄弟姐妹們，所以個(gè)子小。cost“成本”；rate“速度”；standard“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”；value“價(jià)值”。 9．A.for B．a(chǎn)round C．a(chǎn)bout D．a(chǎn)gainst 答案：D　根據(jù)上文的敘述可知，Aurora的生活不如意，因此一切似乎都在和她作對(duì)。against“逆，反對(duì)”，符合語境。 10．A.arranging B．choosing C．struggling D．a(chǎn)ffording 答案：C　Aurora已經(jīng)失去了兩個(gè)媽媽，她需要努力找棲身之處。struggle“拼搏，努力”，符合語境。 11．A.lately B．eventually C．constantly D．frequently 答案：B　此處與上一段相呼應(yīng)，她在努力尋找之后，終于(eventually)找到了安慰。 12．A.unless B．so C．because D．but 答案：D　雖然找到了安身之處，可是Margaret因?yàn)槟昀隙廊チ?。此空前后之間在意思上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此選連詞but。 13．A.same B．relevant C．similar D．normal 答案：A　Aurora每天晚上都到同樣的地方去陪伴Margaret。此處用same表示她的執(zhí)著。same“同樣的”；relevant“有關(guān)的”；similar“類似的”；normal“正常的”。 14．A.Still B．Thus C．Even D．Yet 答案：C　甚至當(dāng)別的小雞推開她時(shí)，她會(huì)再回來。still“仍然”；thus“因此”；even“甚至”；yet“然而”。 15．A.clear B．put C．turn D．push 答案：D　參見上題解析。push away“推開”。 16．A.nervous B．a(chǎn)mazed C．excited D．disappointed 答案：B　根據(jù)文章的第一句“Dont let Auroras small stature(身高) fool you—her spirit is strong”可知，我們?yōu)锳urora只要活著的熱情而感到驚訝。nervous“緊張的”；amazed“驚奇的”；excited“興奮的，激動(dòng)的”；disappointed“失望的”。 17．A.helped B．a(chǎn)ttracted C．impressed D．stopped 答案：D　沒有什么能使她停下來。help“幫助”；attract“吸引”；impress“給……留下深刻印象”；stop“停止”。 18．A.tough B．different C．smooth D．boring 答案：A　綜合上文，生活對(duì)于Aurora來說一直是艱難的，所以當(dāng)生活似乎很艱難時(shí)，你可以想想她的遭遇。tough“艱難的，棘手的”；different“不同的”；smooth“順利的”；boring“無趣的，乏味的”。 19．A.waked B．made C．recovered D．learned 答案：C　本句話的三個(gè)并列謂語都是Aurora的經(jīng)歷，所以選擇recovered與“from serious illnesses”搭配。 20．A.chances B．pleasures C．dreams D．services 答案：B　盡管嘗盡生活的艱辛，Aurora卻得到了生活給予她的簡(jiǎn)單的甜蜜的樂趣，即后面所說的“safety，food，warmth and good friendships”。chance“機(jī)會(huì)”；pleasure“樂事”；dream“夢(mèng)想”；service“服務(wù)”。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 [xx河北唐山一模]I am a taxi driver. One Monday morning, I had stopped at New York Hospital when I spied a_welldressed_man dashing down the steps. He was hailing (招手) me. I waited until he jumped into the cab. “LaGuardia Airport, please，” he said. As always, I wondered about my passenger. “What do you do？” “Im in the neurology department (神經(jīng)內(nèi)科) at this hospital.” For some unknown reason， I decided to ask for his help. “Could I ask a favour of you？” He didnt answer. “I have a son, 16. Hes doing well in school. He wants a job this summer. Is there any possibility that you might get him a summer job？” After a pause, he said, “The medical students have a research project. Maybe he could fit in. Have him send me his school records.” He searched his pocket and handed me a card. That evening, I pulled the card from my pocket. “Robbie，” I announced proudly, “this could be a summer job for you. Send him your school records.” He read it out loud, “Fred Plum, New York Hospital.”“Is this a joke？” he said in disbelief. After I yelled and threatened to cut off his allowance, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning. Two weeks later, when I arrived home, my son handed me a letter from Plum. He was to phone Plums secretary for an interview. Robbie got the job. The white coat he wore made him feel more important than he really was. As high school graduation neared, Plum was kind enough to write letters of remendation for universities. To our delight， Robbie was admitted to New York Medical College. It never occurred to me that a stranger should transform my sons future. 一名出租車司機(jī)向他的乘客求助，希望對(duì)方能為自己上高中的兒子提供一份暑期工作。正是這位陌生人的幫忙改變了出租車司機(jī)兒子的未來。 1．Who does the underlined phrase “a welldressed man” in the first paragraph refer to? A．The author. B．Plum. C．Robbie. D．A patient. 答案：B　考查推理判斷。由第一、二段可知，這位穿著體面的人上了作者的出租車，作者想請(qǐng)他幫個(gè)忙；由第三、四段可知，該乘客同意幫忙并留下自己的名片，名片上的名字為Fred Plum，由此推知，這個(gè)穿著體面的人就是Plum。 2．The author threatened to cut off Robbies allowance probably because ________. A．he was tired after a days work B．he didnt earn enough money C．Robbie was unwilling to work D．Robbie doubted what he said 答案：D　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“‘Is this a joke？’he said in disbelief. After I yelled and threatened to cut off his allowance, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning”可知，作者威脅兒子Robbie說要斷了他的零花錢，是因?yàn)镽obbie不相信作者所說的話。 3．It can be inferred from the passage that Plum is ________. A．patient and selfless B．generous and respectful C．kind and helpful D．wealthy and handsome 答案：C　考查推理判斷。Plum愿意幫助一個(gè)陌生人，給Robbie提供了一份暑期工作，又為Robbie寫了推薦信，由此可推知，Plum心地善良且樂于助人，應(yīng)選擇C項(xiàng)。 4．What message does the passage convey? A．A stranger may change your life. B．One must be friendly to strangers. C．A father should be responsible for his son. D．Doctors may have great influence over people. 答案：A　考查主旨大意。文章主要講述了一個(gè)陌生人的幫忙改變了出租車司機(jī)的兒子Robbie的未來，因此選擇A項(xiàng)。 1．a(chǎn)nnounce v. 宣布；述說　2.threaten v. 威脅；恐嚇 3．interview v．/n. 接見；面試 4．remendation n. 推薦；建議 5．occur vi. 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn) 1．for...reason 因?yàn)椤? 2．a(chǎn)sk a favour of sb. 請(qǐng)某人幫忙 3．cut off 切斷；中斷；剝奪 4．to ones delight 令某人高興的是 原文：One Monday morning, I had stopped at New York Hospital when I spied a welldressed man dashing down the steps. (had done...when...) 譯文：在周一上午，我剛把車停在紐約醫(yī)院，就留意到一個(gè)穿著體面的人沖下臺(tái)階。 仿寫：I had_just_locked_the_door_when I realized I had left my key in the room. 我剛鎖上門就意識(shí)到把鑰匙忘在屋里了。 B 點(diǎn)擊觀看解答視頻 [xx吉林長(zhǎng)春質(zhì)檢二]Scientists in Argentina have created the worlds first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce humanlike milk. Genetic engineering was used to introduce the “mothers milk” genes into the animal before birth, according to the National Institute of Agribusiness Technology in Buenos Aires. As an adult, the cloned cow “will produce milk that is similar to that of humans”， which will prove “a development of great importance for the nutrition of infants (嬰兒)”， said the institute. “The cloned cow, named Rosita ISA, is the first in the world with two human genes that contain the proteins present in human milk，” said the statement. In April, scientists in China published details of research showing that they had created dairy cows which produced milk containing proteins found in human breast milk. But the Argentine team said the Chinese only introduced one human gene. While their research involved two, meaning the milk will more_closely_resemble that of humans. “Our goal was to raise the nutrition value of cows milk by adding two human genes, which do good to the immune system of infants，”said Adrian Mutto, from the National University of San Martin which worked with the institute. Cristina Kirchner, President of Argentina, said the scientific institute made all Argentines proud. She also said that she had rejected the “honor” of having the cow named after her. “They came to tell me that the name is Cristina, but what woman would like to have a cow named after her? It appeared to me to be more proper to call it Rosita.” 阿根廷國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)綜合科技研究所的科學(xué)家們?nèi)涨靶迹麄円殉晒ε嘤鲆活^能夠產(chǎn)類似人奶的奶牛。 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．The importance of genetic engineering. B．Ways to improve mothers milk. C．A cloned cow to produce humanlike milk. D．Advanced agricultural technology in Argentina. 答案：C　考查主旨大意。根據(jù)文章第一段“Scientists in Argentina have created the worlds first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce humanlike milk”可知，阿根廷的科學(xué)家們已成功培育出一頭能夠產(chǎn)類似人奶的奶牛。故選C項(xiàng)。 6．Which of the following can best replace “more closely resemble” in Paragraph 4? A．have more varieties than B．be more similar to C．have more nutrition than D．be more different from 答案：B　考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段的第二、三句可知，阿根廷的研究組稱中國(guó)研究組僅放入了一個(gè)人類基因，而他們的研究包含了兩個(gè)，這意味著產(chǎn)出的牛奶將和人奶更相似。故選B項(xiàng)。 7．What can be inferred from Cristina Kirchners statements? A．She was quite satisfied with the research done by the institute. B．She considered it an honor to name the special cow. C．She felt it improper to be named after the cow. D．She refused to give a name to the cow out of selfrespect. 答案：A　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段Cristina Kirchner的話“made all Argentines proud”可推知，她對(duì)這個(gè)研究感到非常滿意。故選A項(xiàng)。 1．nutrition n. 營(yíng)養(yǎng)；營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)　2.statement n. 聲明；陳述 3．involve vt. 包含；牽涉 4.reject vt. 拒絕；抵制 5．proper adj. 適當(dāng)?shù)?；適合的 1．be similar to 與……相似 2．do good to 對(duì)……有益/有益于 原文：Scientists in China published details of research showing that they had created dairy cows which produced milk containing proteins found in human breast milk. (非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語) 譯文：中國(guó)科學(xué)家出版了研究細(xì)節(jié)，表明他們已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)出可以產(chǎn)出含有在母乳中發(fā)現(xiàn)的蛋白的乳牛。 仿寫：There are several reasons accounting_for the phenomenon reflected_in_the_picture. 有幾種原因能夠說明圖中所反映出的現(xiàn)象。 Ⅲ.語法填空 點(diǎn)擊觀看解答視頻 [xx河南洛陽統(tǒng)考二]How do learning habits influence learning results? Its useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous __1__ (say) “Good habits lead to good endings”， which shows the importance of habits. “An apple a day keeps the doctor away” also __2__ (show) a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, high scores and abundant knowledge __3__ (include). At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitude __4__ the content of our learning.__5__ (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see, developing a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits—keeping __6__ learning diary every day. We can start the habit by __7__ (write) a learning summary and remember to record something impressive and meaningful. Keep it in mind, __8__ gradually we will gain this good learning habit and benefit from it. Whats __9__ (much), I find out that I still have some bad learning habits __10__ well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time, and I will conquer this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice. I believe that through my efforts, I can gain good learning results by having good habits. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣會(huì)影響學(xué)習(xí)效果，本文就如何養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣給我們提出了建議。 1．saying　考查名詞。there is a famous saying表示“有一句名言”。 2．shows　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。此處陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；句子的主語為“An apple a day keeps the doctor away”，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 3．included　考查過去分詞。“high scores and abundant knowledge”和“include”之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。 4．to/towards　考查介詞。attitude to/towards表示“對(duì)……的態(tài)度”。 5．Obviously　考查副詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。 6．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。diary為可數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a，表泛指。 7．writing　考查動(dòng)名詞。by為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。 8．a(chǎn)nd　考查固定句型。這是一個(gè)固定句型“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”。 9．more　考查固定詞組。whats more表示“而且”。 10．a(chǎn)s　考查固定搭配。as well表示“還”。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) [xx河北邯鄲質(zhì)檢] Dear Mike， How are you doing? Thank you for your help and good treat while I was stayed in Sydney last summer vacation. You were so kindly and friendly to treat me to the local food, and take us to do a lot of sightseeing. Its really nice to visit Sydney, which beautiful scenery and delicious food gave me a better impression. I have a great time here and learned a lot about Sydney. Mike, are you free these days? I would like to invite you visit China. Ill act like a guide to show you around the places of interests in my hometown. Yours， Li Hua 答案： Dear Mike， How are you doing? Thank you for your help and good treat while I stayed in Sydney last summer vacation. You were so and friendly to treat me to the local food, and take to do a lot of sightseeing. Its really nice to visit Sydney, beautiful scenery and delicious food gave me a impression. I a great time and learned a lot about Sydney. Mike, are you free these days? I would like to invite you visit China. Ill act a guide to show you around the places of in my hometown. Yours， Li Hua