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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 微專題強(qiáng)化練 一 語法必備4 介詞與介詞短語 一、單句填空 1．(xx浙江，10改編)Most people work because its unavoidable.________contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work. 答案：By　by contrast“相比之下”。句意：大部分人工作是因?yàn)樗菬o法逃避的。而相比之下，有些人工作是因?yàn)榈拇_享受工作。 2．(xx浙江，17改編)These ments came ________response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen. 答案：in　in response to“回應(yīng)”。句意：這些評論出現(xiàn)是為了回應(yīng)那些當(dāng)?shù)匦侣動浾呓?jīng)常問到的具體問題。 3．(xx湖北，30改編)This meeting room is a nonsmoking area. I would like to warn you ________advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. 答案：in　in advance提前。句意：會議室是非吸煙區(qū)。我想提前警告你：如果你在這兒吸煙的話。你會被罰款的。 4．(xx重慶，10改編)Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ______ the average. 答案：above　above the average在一般水平以上。句意：去年是有記錄以來最熱的一年，全球氣溫比平均氣溫高0.68℃。 5．(xx福建，22改編)A mon memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform. 答案：of　they all have ________ their school days為memory的定語，可還原成have a memory of結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“有……的回憶”。句意：他們對學(xué)校生活的共有回憶是校服。拓展：I have a vivid memory of her face.她的容貌栩栩如生地印在我腦海里。 6．(xx福建，32改編)Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live ________harmony with nature. 答案：in　in harmony with與……和諧共處。句意：人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分；就這點(diǎn)而論，我們要存活下來的唯一方式就是與大自然和諧共處。 7．(xx課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ，改編)He reported the case ________ the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city. 答案：to　句意為：他向警察報(bào)告了這個事件，然后孤獨(dú)迷茫地坐在一個陌生的城市里。report...to...為固定搭配，意為“向……報(bào)告……”。 8．(xx福建，22改編)Our club is open to everyone regardless______age，sex or educational background. 答案：of　句意為：我們的俱樂部向每個人開放，不管你的年齡、性別或教育背景。regardless of意為“不管；不顧”，為固定搭配。 9．(xx天津，6改編)In addition ______the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support. 答案：to　句意為：除了學(xué)校之外，村子里還有一家診所，它也是在政府的支持下建起來的。根據(jù)下文關(guān)鍵詞also可知，學(xué)校也是政府開辦的，故填to，in addition to意為“除了……之外(還)”。 10．(xx浙江，10改編)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything______ return. 答案：in　句意為：當(dāng)詹姆斯呆在這個村里的時(shí)候，他無私地把他有的所有東西與村民分享，不求任何回報(bào)。根據(jù)前面的單詞unselfishly可知他這樣做不圖回報(bào)。in return為固定短語，意為“作為回報(bào)”。 11．(xx福建閩清聯(lián)考改編) The children dressed ______ long wool coats stopped to look at us. 答案：in　句意為：穿著長羊毛外套的孩子們停下來看著我們。be dressed in意為“穿著……”，為固定搭配。 12．(xx福建廈門雙十中學(xué)檢測改編)The desire for selfimprovement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities ________ physical classrooms. 答案：beyond　句意為：自我完善的愿望促使許多中國學(xué)生去追求超越實(shí)體課堂教育的機(jī)會。beyond意為“超出……”。 13．(xx山東菏澤聯(lián)考改編)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color. 答案：in　句意為：由于有了這項(xiàng)新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意為“彩色的”，符合句意。 14．(xx江蘇南通中學(xué)改編)She works well with those who are superior ________ her in the pany. 答案：to　句意為：她與公司那些職務(wù)高于她的人相處得很好。be superior to意為“優(yōu)于……；高于……”，為固定短語。 15．(xx江蘇鹽城調(diào)研改編)________ the Hong Kong singers current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show. 答案：Despite　句意為：雖然這個香港歌手現(xiàn)在很受歡迎，但是在才藝秀之前她在內(nèi)地還不為人知。despite意為“雖然”，符合句意。 16．(xx北京東城聯(lián)考改編)I have an appointment ______Dr. Brown, but I need to change it. 答案：with　句意為：我與布朗先生有約，但我需要改一下。have anappointment with sb.意為“與某人有約”，為固定短語。 17．(xx陜西西安聯(lián)考改編)Whoever es here to have the meeting will be treated ________ a wonderful dinner. 答案：to　句意為：所有來這兒開會的人都將享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意為“款待，招待某人享用……”，是固定短語。 18．(xx浙江名校聯(lián)考改編)Anyway, I cant tell lies about it—its ________ my principles, you know. 答案：against　句意為：無論如何，對于這件事我不能說謊，你知道這違背了我的原則。against意為“反對；違反”，符合句意。 19．(xx江蘇，34改編)Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but ________ Thomas Edison. 答案：for　考查介詞短語。句意：要不是托馬斯愛迪生，我們現(xiàn)在從中受益的很多東西就不會存在。由would可以看出本句用了虛擬語氣，but for“要不是”可以引出含蓄虛擬條件句。 20．(xx湖北八校聯(lián)考改編)In every classroom stands a bookshelf on which are various magazines and reference books, making reading materials more accessible ________ the students. 答案：to　句意為：每個教室都有一個書架，上面擺著各種雜志和參考書，這使得學(xué)生查閱資料更容易。be accessible to為固定搭配，意為“易得到的，易使用的”。 二、單句改錯 1．(xx新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted. 答案：on改為with　with the development of...隨著……的發(fā)展。 2．(xx新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)Tony saw a toy on a shop window. 答案：on改為in　Tony看到櫥窗里有一個玩具，故用in。 3．(xx課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ，改編)Nearly five years ago，and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden. 答案：by改為of　句意為：大約五年前，在父親的幫助下，我和姐姐在后花園種植了一些圣女果。with the help of sb.為固定搭配，意為“在某人的幫助下”。故將by改為of。 4．(xx課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ，改編)He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. 答案：toward改為to或into　turn from...to/into...從……變成……。 5．(xx課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ，改編)Interestingly, it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry. 答案：by改為with或so　connection后接with或to表示“關(guān)聯(lián)，連接”。 三、語法填空 It was so nice an afternoon that I decided to go for a walk __1__ my new boots—the ones Id seen advertised on TV __2__“the worlds best boots”. Well, __3__ theory, yes, they were very fortable boots but I soon found that in fact they gave me blisters. In general, I do enjoy walking, but at that moment what I wanted was rest and refreshment; in other words, I needed to sit down, have a drink and go home __4__ bus. The last bus home was in half an hour and I was far __5__ the bus stop so I would have to get there __6__ a hurry. At last I got to the bus stop just in time __7__ a drink at a pub before the bus came. I limped to the bus stop in the hope __8__ getting on the bus. But I was out of luck because the bus was full up—not even standing room! I knew Id never make it home on foot and I was __9__ the point of returning to the pub to drown my sorrows when another bus came round the corner, pletely empty. I got on, sat by myself at the back and started to feel __10__ peace with the world again as I took off my boots! 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 答案： 文章大意：作者介紹了自己穿著一雙電視廣告中所謂的“世界上最好的靴子”散步的尷尬經(jīng)歷。 1．in　表示“穿著”，用介詞in。 2．a(chǎn)s　表示“作為”，用介詞as。 3．in　in theory意為“在理論上”，為固定搭配。 4．by　表示交通方式時(shí)，交通工具前沒有冠詞，用by。by bus意為“乘坐公共汽車”。 5．from　far from意為“遠(yuǎn)離”。 6．in　in a hurry為固定用法，意為“匆忙地”。 7．for　in time for...為固定搭配，意為“正好趕上……”。 8．of　in the hope of為固定搭配，意為“帶著……的希望”。 9．on　on the point of doing sth.為固定搭配，意為“正要做某事”。 10．a(chǎn)t　at peace為固定搭配，意為“心平氣和”。 四、短文改錯 (xx山西省第二次四校聯(lián)考) Dear Sir or Madam， Ive learned from the newspaper that your pany is looking a receptionist. Im very interesting in the job and Id like to apply to the position. First of all, allow me to introduce myself. I have just graduated from senior high school. I want to find out a parttime job in the summer. Im 18 years old and have good knowledge of English, especial in terms of speaking and listening. In fact, I win the first prize in the English speech petition hold in our school last year. Besides, Im quite easygoing but therefore very popular among my classmates. I sincerely hope you can give us a chance. Im looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 答案： Dear Sir or Madam， Ive learned from the newspaper that your pany is looking a receptionist. Im very in the job and Id like to apply the position. First of all, allow me to introduce myself. I have just graduated from senior high school. I want to find out a parttime job in the summer. Im 18 years old and have good knowledge of English, in terms of speaking and listening. In fact, I the first prize in the English speech petition in our school last year. Besides, Im quite easygoing therefore very popular among my classmates. I sincerely hope you can give a chance. Im looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 解析： 第一處：looking后加for　look for尋找。 第二處：interesting→interested　考查形容詞。be interested in對……感興趣。 第三處：apply to的to改為for　考查介詞。apply for申請。 第四處：去掉out　考查介詞。find找到；find out查明，弄清楚。 第五處：good前加a　考查冠詞。a good knowledge of English一門好的英語知識。 第六處：especial→especially　考查形容詞與副詞。修飾介詞短語用副詞。 第七處：win→won　考查時(shí)態(tài)。由全文時(shí)態(tài)可知。 第八處：hold→held　考查非謂語動詞。petition與hold構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。 第九處：but→and　考查連詞。前后句是順承關(guān)系，所以用and而非表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but。 第十處：us→me 考查代詞。我希望你能給我一個機(jī)會。