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2019-2020年高三英語上學(xué)期開學(xué)測(cè)試題分類匯編 五 短文改錯(cuò) 短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下文章。句中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加: 在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）, 并在其下寫出該加的詞。 刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。 修改: 在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意: 1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2.只允許修改10處, 多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。 （一） Dear editor, I’m sorry to occupy your precious time, and I really want to tell you anything about the problem of some people keeping too many pets nowadays. I take the problem more and more seriously for the following reason. First of all, as it is known to people, pets make so much noise that trouble residents a lot. What’s more, it is widely accepted that animal waste pollutes the environment, where makes people quite unfortable. Many owners like taking their pets to public place where they may frighten children or even bite people. The mostly important is that pets can spread some diseases and this has attracted much attention. Take all these factors into consideration, I sincerely hope that I can get help from you and expect the media do something for this. Yours truly, Wang Lin 【答案】 【小題1】and→but 【小題2】anything →something 【小題3】reason→ reasons 【小題4】去掉it 【小題5】trouble→troubles/they trouble 【小題6】where→which 【小題7】place→places 【小題8】mostly→most 【小題9】Take→Taking 【小題10】do→to do/will do 【解析】 試題分析：本文是一封信，講述了當(dāng)今人們養(yǎng)的寵物過多的情況。 【小題1】and→but 考查連詞以及對(duì)文章的理解。I’m sorry to occupy your precious time,與 I really want to tell you anything about the problem of some people keeping too many pets nowadays之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用but 。 【小題2】anything →something 考查代詞。Anything任何事，something一些事，陳述語氣，所以用something。 【小題3】reason→ reasons 考查名詞。理由，可數(shù)名詞，故用reasons。 【小題4】去掉it 考查代詞。As is known to...眾所周知，固定句式，故去掉it 【小題5】trouble→troubles/they trouble 考查動(dòng)詞。Noise不可數(shù)名詞，用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，也可以增加主語，用 troubles/they trouble。 【小題6】where→which 考查關(guān)系詞。非限制性定語從句，用which引導(dǎo)，故用which。 【小題7】place→places 考查名詞。地點(diǎn)，可數(shù)名詞，用places。 【小題8】mostly→most 考查形容詞。Most此處是最高級(jí)，最重要的是，mostly表示大多數(shù)，所以用most。 【小題9】Take→Taking 考查動(dòng)詞。與主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用Taking。 【小題10】do→to do/will do 考查時(shí)態(tài)。Expect sb to do /will do希望某人做某事，用to do/will do。 【難度】一般 （二） My classmate, Joseph, is at present in hospital with a breaking leg. He was walking to school the other day when he let a bicycle ran right into him. He never watches where he is going, so he often gets into the trouble. And he is having a nice time there. He has a fortable room, patiently nurses, and a great deal of time to read. Some friends of him go to see him every day, and they take him lots of good book and fresh fruit. He is not losing any time from school because he is busy studying which he has missed in classes. The doctor says he is recovering fast than expected and will be out of hospital a few weeks. 【答案】 【小題1】breaking- broken 【小題2】ran- run 【小題3】去掉trouble前的the 【小題4】And--But 【小題5】patiently- patient 【小題6】him--his 【小題7】book- books 【小題8】which--what 【小題9】fast--faster 【小題10】hospital后面加in 【解析】 【小題1】breaking- broken 考查形容詞 。過去分詞作定語，意為“斷了的，摔壞了的” 【小題2】ran- run 考查動(dòng)詞的用法 。let sb./sth. do.“讓某人做……”，使役動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞原形，作賓語補(bǔ)足語 【小題3】去掉trouble前的the 考查固定搭配。get into trouble意為“陷入困難、麻煩”，為固定搭配，不加定冠詞the 【小題4】And—But 考查連詞。句意：但他玩的高興。表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 【小題5】patiently- patient 考查形容詞 。句意：他有一個(gè)舒適的房間，耐心的護(hù)士和大量時(shí)間閱讀。 【小題6】him--his 考查形容詞 。句意：每天有他的朋友去看他。 【小題7】book- books 考查名詞。lots of修飾book要用復(fù)數(shù)，表示“許多書” 【小題8】which--what 考查定語從句。句意：他沒有失去在學(xué)校的時(shí)間因?yàn)樗τ趯W(xué)習(xí)，這是他所丟失的。Which引導(dǎo)定語從句； 【小題9】fast--faster 考查形容詞。由than連接的從句表示“比……更”，前面的形容詞或副詞要用比較級(jí) 【小題10】hospital后面加in 考查介詞 。句意：醫(yī)生說他比想象的恢復(fù)地快在數(shù)周之內(nèi)就能出院。in a few weeks在數(shù)周之內(nèi)。 【難度】一般 （三） One afternoon, when I was on my way home, the weather changed suddenly. Darker clouds were gathering. I began to feel worried so I didn’t have both a raincoat or an umbrella with me. It soon started to rain. Just as I was hurrying up home,I heard someone calling me from behind. I turned to have a look and find that he was Liu Wei, good neighbor of mine. He offered to share her umbrella with me. We walked all the ways home. With Liu Wei’s help, I would have got wet to the skin. How thankfully I was for his help. 【答案】 【小題1】Darker—Dark 【小題2】so—because 【小題3】both—neither 【小題4】去掉up 【小題5】find—found 【小題6】good前加a 【小題7】her—his 【小題8】ways—way 【小題9】With—Without 【小題10】thankfully--thankful 【解析】 【小題1】Darker—Dark 考查形容詞 。句意：黑色的烏云正在聚集； 【小題2】so—because 考查連詞。句意：我開始感到著急因?yàn)槲覜]有雨衣也沒有傘； 【小題3】both—neither 考查代詞。Neither nor 即不……也不……； 【小題4】去掉up 考查動(dòng)詞。Hurry home匆忙回家； 【小題5】find—found 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。And連接turned與found并列，故時(shí)態(tài)保持一致； 【小題6】good前加a 考查冠詞。A good neighbor of mine我的一個(gè)好鄰居，表示泛指； 【小題7】her—his 考查代詞。句意：他把他的傘分享給我。He表示是男性，故用his; 【小題8】ways—way 考查名詞。All the way 一直； 【小題9】With—Without 考查介詞 。句意：沒有他的幫助，我肯定會(huì)淋濕。 【小題10】thankfully—thankful 考查形容詞 。be thankful for 對(duì)。。表示感謝。 【難度】一般 （四） I’m quite familiar your situation. As puters bee increasingly popular, some student can’t help play online games or chatting. It was not only a problem of wasting time, but a seriously problem which does harm to their health. What you should do first is to find out what make them addicted with puter games. Lack of love from parents? Poor test scores?Then having a heart-to-heart talk with them. Secondly, you should help them build up their confidence and make them interesting in studies. Thirdly, to find something else for them to do instead of playing puter games. Your efforts will surely make a difference and help change their lives. 【答案】 【小題1】familiar后加with 【小題2】student改成students 【小題3】play改成playing 【小題4】was改成is 【小題5】seriously改成serious 【小題6】make改成makes 【小題7】with改成to 【小題8】having改成have 【小題9】interesting改成interested 【小題10】去掉to find前的to 【解析】 【小題1】短語“對(duì)某事熟悉”be familiar with，因此familiar后加with 。 【小題2】學(xué)生是可數(shù)名詞，some “一些”修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)，因此“學(xué)生”student改成“學(xué)生們”students。 【小題3】短語“忍不住做某事”can’t help doing，因此play改成playing 。 【小題4】通篇是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此was改成is。 【小題5】形容詞修飾名詞“問題”， 因此seriously改成serious 。 【小題6】what 后面的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，因此make改成makes。 【小題7】短語“對(duì)某事沉迷”be addicted to。因此介詞with改成to 。 【小題8】祈使句用動(dòng)詞原形開頭。因此having改成have。 【小題9】人對(duì)某事感興趣用interested。因此interesting改成interested 。 【小題10】祈使句用動(dòng)詞原形開頭。因此去掉to find前的to。 【難度】一般 （五） Dear fellow students, There is a serious phenomenon in our school that many students crowded in the school store to buy snacks and some students even eat snacks in class. Eating snacks are a bad habit and is also waste of money. In addition to, most snacks are unhealthy food, for they contain too many fat and sugar. Eating snacks improper may lead to fatness and illness. What’s more, some students throw the wrappers everywhere, that pollutes our campus. Dear fellow students, it’s high time that we pay attention to this phenomenon. Our high school students, should develop good eating habits. Remember that three regular meals a day as well as a balance diet is essential for us. 【答案】 【解析】： 試題分析：本文是一篇小作文，作者指出了學(xué)校不文明的現(xiàn)象：許多學(xué)生聚集到學(xué)校小店里買零食，有人甚至在課堂上吃零食，吃完零食又把包裝袋到處扔。吃零食是個(gè)壞習(xí)慣，不僅浪費(fèi)錢又對(duì)健康不利。作者提倡養(yǎng)成良好的飲食習(xí)慣。 1. crowded →crowd考察動(dòng)詞。crowded為形容詞，意思是擁擠的，塞滿的，而此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞crowd，意思是聚集，句意：在我們學(xué)校有一個(gè)很嚴(yán)重的現(xiàn)象就是很多學(xué)生聚集到學(xué)校商店里買零食，一些學(xué)生甚至在課堂上吃零食。故把crowded 改成crowd。 2. are→is考察be動(dòng)詞。這句話主語是 Eating snacks吃零食，屬于單數(shù)，所以be動(dòng)詞要用is，句意：吃零食是個(gè)壞習(xí)慣也浪費(fèi)錢。故把a(bǔ)re改成is。 3. waste 前加a考察冠詞。waste是名詞，意思是浪費(fèi)，廢物，要用冠詞a來修飾，a waste of money意思是浪費(fèi)錢。故在waste 前加a。 4. 去掉 addition to 的 to考察介詞。in addition to意思是除……之外（還），后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞。in addition作為連詞，意思是另外。句意：另外，大多數(shù)零食是不健康食物。故把in addition to 的 to 去掉。 5.many →much考察副詞。fat作名詞的時(shí)候是不可數(shù)名詞，意思是脂肪，所以用much修飾。句意：因?yàn)樗鼈儼嗟闹竞吞穷?。故把many 改成much。 6. improper→improperly考察副詞。improper是形容詞，意思是不正確的，此處應(yīng)用副詞來修飾eating，eating snacks improperly意思是不正確地吃零食。故把improper改成improperly。 7. that→which考察關(guān)系代詞。此處是要用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，只能用which引導(dǎo)。句意：而且，一些學(xué)生到處扔包裝紙，污染了校園。故把that改成which。 8. we 后加should 或把pay→paid考察固定搭配。it’s high time that sb. did(should do) sth.固定句型，屬虛擬語氣的一種。意思是：是做……的時(shí)候了。句意：親愛的同學(xué)們，是我們注意這一現(xiàn)象的時(shí)候了。故在we 后加should/pay改成paid。 9. our→we考察人稱代詞。we high school students指我們高中生，而our high school students指我們的高中生，作者此處表達(dá)的是我們作為高中生的意思。故把our改成we。 10. balance→balanced考察形容詞。balance為動(dòng)詞，意思是平衡，balanced為形容詞，意思是平衡的，此處要用形容詞balanced修飾名詞diet，意思是平衡的飲食習(xí)慣。故把balance改成balanced。 【難度】較易