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2019-2020年高三英語專題復(fù)習(xí) 動詞不定式 一、動詞不定時的形式： 肯定式：_______________ 否定式：__________________ 被動式：_______________ 完成式：__________________ 【趁熱打鐵】Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.　 A. never to drive　 B. to never driver　 C. never driving　 D. never drive　 二、動詞不定式的用法 1．作主語 A 動詞不定式作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如： (1) To see is to believe. (2)To master English gives us much help in the study of science. B 不定式或不定式短語作主語時，常用it作形式主語，構(gòu)成“It is + 形容詞(+for sb.)不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 It is impossible for him to give up smoking. 【趁熱打鐵】1. Is ________ necessary to plete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he 2. When and where to build the new factory _______ yet． A．is not decided B．a(chǎn)re not decided C．has not decided D．have not decided 2.作賓語 A．動詞后直接不定式作賓語的動詞有許多，如want, decide, intend, fail, wish, export, pretend, choose等等。 I mean to go there at once. B.不定式短語作賓語時，如果還帶有賓語補足語，往往把不定式短語放在賓補之后，而用it作形式賓語。句型為“主語+find (feel, think, believe, consider,etc) +it+形容詞/名詞+to do sth”。 I think it necessary to report the thing to the teacher. I find it interesting to work with him. 【趁熱打鐵】1. She pretended ________ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 2. —Do you know Mr. Smith? —Yes. Hes a strange man. We found ________ difficult to work with him. A. us B. it C. him D. you 3． 作表語 動詞不定式作表語，一是主語由不定式充當(dāng)；二是主語由抽象名詞充當(dāng)。 To teach is to learn. The best way to improve your English is to join an English club. 【趁熱打鐵】The purpose of the new technologies is to make life easier,______ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 4． 作賓語補足語 【注意】在感官動詞（see, hear, feel, listen to , notice, watch, observe等）和使役動詞（let, have， make ）后的補足語中，不定式不帶to。但這類句子變成被動語態(tài)時，必須帶to。 I saw him play in the park. →He was seen _______ in the park. 5． 定語 1、不定式與被修飾的名詞往往構(gòu)成邏輯上的關(guān)系。如名詞為不定式的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系； 若名詞為邏輯賓語，則構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系； He is not a man to tell lies. There will not be enough space to stand in on the earth. 2、作定語的不定式與所修飾的名詞之間是動賓關(guān)系， 不定式動詞又是不及物動詞時，應(yīng)在該動詞上加上一個介詞，如; He has a nice pen to write with. He is looking for a room to live in. 【趁熱打鐵】With a lot of difficult problems ___________ , the newly elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled The chair looks rather hard, but in fact, it is very fortable to ________. A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 6. 作狀語 不定式作狀語時，可表示目的，原因，結(jié)果或條件。 如; I’m very glad to hear the news. （原因) 不定式作目的狀語時，常可與to, to order to, so as to 連用。 He got up early so as not to be late. 不定式可以跟在表語的形容詞之后作狀語。 The question is difficult to answer. 有些不定式短語可以做獨立成分，通常放在句首，有時置于句中或句未，須用逗號的開。 To tell the truth,Strange to say, to make matters worse, to start with,to be brief 【趁熱打鐵】We were astonished______ the temple still in its original condition. A. finding B. to find C. find D. to be found Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _____ away. A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay 三．高考真題鏈接 1. I dont think ________ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. this B. that C. Its D. It 2. The play ______ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. A. produced B. being produced C. to be produced D. having been produced 3. With the world changing fast, we have something new ______ with all by ourselves every day. A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. dealing 4. The children all turned ______ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at 5. ______, you need to give all you have and try your best. A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner