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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 微專題強(qiáng)化練 一 語法必備5 形容詞與副詞 一、單句填空 1．(xx安徽，26改編)Im so ________(gratefully) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily. 答案：grateful　be grateful to...意為“對(duì)……感激/感謝”。 2．(xx安徽，31改編)They gave money to the old peoples home either ________(person) or through their panies. 答案：personally　personally“私人地，個(gè)人地”。句意：他們以個(gè)人的名義或通過他們的公司給養(yǎng)老院捐錢。 3．(xx浙江，13改編)Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food es from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was ________(former) alive. 答案：formerly　formerly“先前地，以前地”。句意：如果我們了解甚至一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)有關(guān)食物是從哪兒來的，那么大多數(shù)人都懂得每一口放進(jìn)我們嘴里的食物之前都是活著的。 4．(xx湖北，27改編)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be________(punctuality)． 答案：punctual　punctual準(zhǔn)時(shí)的。句意：盡管會(huì)議大廳就在他的公寓附近，但如果他想要準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)，他必須得快點(diǎn)。 5．(xx湖北，28改編)I dont think what he said is ________(relevantly) to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point. 答案：relevant　relevant相關(guān)的，切題的。句意：我認(rèn)為他所說的話與我們正在討論的問題不相關(guān)。他沒有抓住要點(diǎn)。 6．(xx四川，9改編)Little Tom sat ________(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him. 答案：amazed　amazed意為“感到吃驚的”，常修飾人。句意：小湯姆吃驚地坐在那兒看著猴子在他面前跳舞。拓展：These soldiers spent three days in the old weather，cold and hungry.這些士兵們又冷又餓，在嚴(yán)寒的天氣中過了三天。 7．(xx福建，23改編)It was ________(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 答案：considerate　considerate考慮周到的，體貼的，常用結(jié)構(gòu)It is considerate of sb. to do sth。句意：邁克爾告知我們他耽擱了一些時(shí)間，以防我們擔(dān)心真是太考慮周到了。 8．(xx江蘇，31改編)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and________(prehension) review of the case. 答案：prehensive　prehensive“全面的，詳盡的”。句意：警官們決定對(duì)這個(gè)案件做一個(gè)徹底、詳盡的審查。 9．(xx課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ，70改編)Just be ________(patience)． 答案：patient　句意為：要耐心。設(shè)空前為系動(dòng)詞be，因此要用提示詞的形容詞形式作表語，故填patient。 10．(xx湖北，27改編)What was so ______(impress) about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted. 答案：impressive　句意為：賈絲明韋斯特蘭的勝利給人印象很深的是，她赤腳取得了馬拉松的第一名。設(shè)空處和前面的系動(dòng)詞was構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，所以用形容詞作表語。impressive意為“給人印象深刻的”。 11．(xx陜西，16改編)—You know, I met my girlfriends parents for the first time only yesterday. —______(real)? I thought youd met them before. 答案：Really　句意為：——你知道么，我就是在昨天第一次見了女友的父母?！娴膯?？我以為你以前就見過他們了呢。really意為“真的”，在此處表示驚奇。 12．(xx湖北，29改編)Dont defend him any more.Its obvious that he______(deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology. 答案：deliberately　設(shè)空處修飾謂語動(dòng)詞destroyed，用副詞形式。句意為：不要再為他辯解了。很顯然他是故意弄壞花園的柵欄的，他甚至都不道歉。 13．(xx江西，23改編)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldnt have found it ______. 答案：otherwise　句意為：多謝你把我們領(lǐng)到這所房子，否則，我們是不可能找到它的。otherwise意為“要不然，否則”符合語境。 14．(xx湖北，78改編)This novel was once the ______(wide) read book in high schools in the United States. 答案：most widely　句意為：這部小說曾經(jīng)是美國高中閱讀最廣泛的書。根據(jù)空前的定冠詞及空后的in high schools in the United States可知，應(yīng)用最高級(jí)the most widely來修飾過去分詞read，故填most widely。 15．(xx遼寧，68)The ________ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.He controls you! 答案：harder　本句是固定句式：“the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)”，表示“越……就越……”。句意為：你越是用力打他，你就越可能被打，他能夠控制你！故答案為harder。 二、單句改錯(cuò) 1．(xx新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already bee a very seriously problem. 答案：seriously改為serious　應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞，不能用副詞。 2．(xx遼寧)That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are. 答案：closely改為close　closely是副詞，副詞通常不能和系動(dòng)詞連用構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)改為形容詞close，本句how close the houses are中的close本應(yīng)該是在系動(dòng)詞are的后面，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)are close。 3．(xx廣東，23改編)But such a small thing couldn’t possible destroy a village. 答案：possible改為possibly　修飾動(dòng)詞destroy，用副詞形式。 4．(xx湖北，26改編)“Perhaps we need to send for Dr.Smith to see what we can do about it，”Father suggested tentative to his neighbor who had e to discuss the problem. 答案：tentative改為tentatively　修飾謂語動(dòng)詞suggested，用副詞形式。 5．(xx湖南，24改編)Bicycling is good exercise；beside, it does not pollute the air. 答案：beside改為besides　句意為：騎單車是一項(xiàng)非常好的運(yùn)動(dòng)，而且，還不會(huì)污染空氣。這里表示的是“另外，而且”表示進(jìn)一步從另外一個(gè)角度闡明該問題，應(yīng)用副詞besides。beside是介詞，意為“在……旁邊”。 6．(xx寧夏銀川一中月考)Therefore, I told them interestedstories and how I was enjoying Brazil. 答案：interested改為interesting　表示“(事物本身)有趣的”，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式的形容詞。句意為：因此，我給他們講有趣的故事，告訴(他們)我有多么喜歡巴西。 7．The doctor said there was nothing seriously with her. 答案：seriously改為serious　修飾不定代詞nothing，用于說明其性質(zhì)和程度，應(yīng)該用形容詞作后置定語。 8．I write to my mother every week, most on Sundays. 答案：most改為mostly　副詞mostly表示“大部分地；主要地”，此處作“大多數(shù)”講，故將most改為mostly。most作副詞時(shí)，意為“最”。 9．Zaire is the second large producer of diamonds. 答案：large改為largest　根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示最高級(jí)意義，largest前加序數(shù)詞表示“第幾大……”。 10．After making a carefully examination, the doctor said, “You arein a very good state of health for a woman of your age. 答案：carefully改為careful　examination是名詞，要用形容詞來修飾。 11．The dog may be a good panion for the old. Therefore, theneed to take it for walks may be a disadvantage. 答案：Therefore改為However　句意為：狗或許是老年人的好朋友，然而帶著它散步可能不方便。disadvantage是關(guān)鍵詞，由此可知前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用however。 12．Hearing the news that he failed in the exam, he felt very sadly. 答案：sadly改為sad　此處felt為系動(dòng)詞，后面應(yīng)跟形容詞作表語，故應(yīng)用sad。 13．He has to work if he wants to live fortable. 答案：fortable改為fortably　修飾動(dòng)詞live，應(yīng)用副詞fortably。 14．When he was young, he read a lot, and late he became a famouswriter of his day. 答案：late改為later　late作形容詞或副詞，意為“遲，晚”；later作副詞，意為“后來”，符合語境。 15．This is a most beautiful park. I have never seen a best one before. 答案：best改為better　此處用比較級(jí)better，放在否定句中表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義。 三、語法填空 (xx日照市校際聯(lián)考) A man looking at his smartphone while walking across a railway crossing in Nanjing__1__(have) a close knock on Oct. 22. He was so __2__(absorb) in his smartphone that he didnt see a train approaching until it brushed past him, __3__(throw)him to the ground. This should serve __4__a warning that people should be aware of their surroundings, especially __5__ crossing roads. __6__(lucky), the man survived a brush with death, but the incident forced the driver __7__(stop)the train. An 18minute delay followed the incident, __8__led to a break in the running of other trains on the route. Smartphone __9__(addicted)has spread like an infectious disease. Its evident that it will do great harm to society. Whats even __10__(bad), some addicts bee impatient with relatives and friends. Some people blame the smartphone for the tragedy，yet in fact peoples weakening selfcontrol and selfdiscipline are to blame. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 答案： 文章大意：如今手機(jī)上癮現(xiàn)象非常嚴(yán)重，對(duì)人們的生活有著很大的危害。文章告訴我們是我們的自控力和自我約束力差而導(dǎo)致此種現(xiàn)象，并非手機(jī)本身的問題。 1．had　考查一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“on Oct. 22”可知，此處是在描述發(fā)生在過去的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。 2．a(chǎn)bsorbed　考查固定短語。be absorbed in“專心致志，全神貫注”，是固定短語。 3．throwing　考查現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“火車與他擦身而過，把他摔在了地上”，train和throw之間是主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。 4．a(chǎn)s　考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。serve as意為“起作用，產(chǎn)生效果”，此處表示“這應(yīng)該給人們起一個(gè)警告作用”。 5．when/while　考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“尤其是當(dāng)過馬路的時(shí)候”，故用when或while，此處是“主語＋系動(dòng)詞”的省略。可還原為：especially when/while they are crossing roads。 6．Luckily　考查副詞。幸運(yùn)的是，這個(gè)男子與死亡擦肩而過，但是這個(gè)事件迫使駕駛員停下了火車。在句首應(yīng)該用lucky的副詞形式，即Luckily。 7．to stop　考查動(dòng)詞不定式。force sb. to do sth.意為“迫使某人做某事”，為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。 8．which　考查非限制性定語從句。因?yàn)檫@件事耽擱了18分鐘，導(dǎo)致路線上其他火車的運(yùn)行中斷了。此處用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面的“An 18minute delay”。 9．a(chǎn)ddiction　考查名詞。分析句子成分可知，此處作主語，意為“手機(jī)上癮”，故用addicted的名詞形式addiction，意為“上癮”。addict作為名詞時(shí)，意為“對(duì)……著迷的人”，此處不符合語境。 10．worse　考查形容詞比較級(jí)。whats even worse意為“甚至更糟糕的是”，even修飾比較級(jí)，故用worse。 四、短文改錯(cuò) (xx云南師大附中適應(yīng)性考試) Alibaba founder Jack Ma, his pany has been valued at more than $ 221 billion of which Ma owned 6%, is put in the top position among Chinas wealthiest. But he stays outside the list of the worlds 10 rich people. Fought against a hard life, young Ma still managed to learn English well enough to gain a degree and became a teacher. Afterwards he started a translation agency in which took him to the US, where he introduced to the Internet. His fate was bound to change before he was accidentally appointed to take an American visitor Jerry Yang, a cofounder of Yahoo, in a tour of the Great Wall. The meeting obvious proved to be a turning point for all of them, promoting the birth of Alibaba and the later cooperation with Jerry Yang. 答案： Alibaba founder Jack Ma, pany has been valued at more than $ 221 billion of which Ma 6%, is put in the top position among Chinas wealthiest. But he stays outside the list of the worlds 10 people. against a hard life, young Ma still managed to learn English well enough to gain a degree and became a teacher. Afterwards he started a translation agency in which took him to the US, where he introduced to the Internet. His fate was bound to change he was accidentally appointed to take an American visitor Jerry Yang, a cofounder of Yahoo, a tour of the Great Wall. The meeting proved to be a turning point for of them, promoting the birth of Alibaba and the later cooperation with Jerry Yang. 解析： 第一處：his→whose　考查定語從句。第一句話主干成分是Jack Ma is put in the top position，所以逗號(hào)后應(yīng)該是定語從句，所以把his改為whose。 第二處：owned→owns　考查時(shí)態(tài)。由第一段時(shí)態(tài)可知。 第三處：rich→richest　考查形容詞的最高級(jí)。世界上最富有的十個(gè)人，所以用最高級(jí)。 第四處：Fought→Fighting　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句子主語young Ma與fight之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以用其ing形式。 第五處：去掉which前的in　考查定語從句。定語從句部分took him to the US缺少主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which。而in which相當(dāng)于關(guān)系副詞where。 第六處：introduced前加was　考查語態(tài)。此處是他被介紹到網(wǎng)絡(luò)上，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 第七處：before→when或after　考查連詞。在他帶領(lǐng)雅虎的創(chuàng)辦人美國旅游家Jerry Yang游覽長城時(shí)(后)，他的命運(yùn)必定會(huì)改變。 第八處：in→to　考查介詞。分析句子，此處是與前面的took連在一起的，所以是take sb. to some place領(lǐng)某人去某地。 第九處：obvious→obviously　考查形容詞與副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞proved用副詞。 第十處：all→both　考查代詞。此處提到了兩個(gè)人Jack Ma和Jerry Yang。