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The Present Perfect tense,,Present Perfect Tense 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語(yǔ) + have/ has + 過(guò)去分詞（pp）,助動(dòng)詞,無(wú)意義,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu),Winter has already come，,,,,will it still be far in spring ?,主語(yǔ) + have/ has + 過(guò)去分詞（pp）,否定形式 haven’t ( have not ） +過(guò)去分詞 hasn’t ( has not ) +過(guò)去分詞,疑問(wèn)句 把助動(dòng)詞 have / has 放在句首,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu),,,注：主語(yǔ)若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用 has,You have planted all the trees. I have planted all the trees. He/she has planted all the trees. They have planted all the trees.,區(qū)別have 和 has的用法,主語(yǔ)若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用 has,1) 表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成的動(dòng)作。 Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back. They have built many buildings in this city.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法,2) 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。 Someone has broken the window. (窗戶現(xiàn)在是壞的) I have already lost the key. (我現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有鑰匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解書的內(nèi)容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干凈的),常與already(已經(jīng)), yet(已經(jīng)), just(剛剛),ever(曾經(jīng))等詞連用.,already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句,疑問(wèn)句尾.,3) 表示從過(guò)去開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since 5 years ago.,since: (自…以來(lái)) 1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn) He has stayed here since 5 o’clock. 2)since+ 時(shí)間段+ ago He has stayed here since 5 hours ago. 3)since+ 從句 She has taught English since he came here. for: (長(zhǎng)達(dá)） for+ 時(shí)間段 He has kept the book for 2 weeks.,since , for 的用法:,用for 或since填空,Mr. Brown has had his TV ______ 15 years. I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. My sister has had her cell phone ______a month . My friends haven’t visited me ______few days ago. We haven’t used our car _____ a long time . She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee _____years. Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old.,for,since,for,since,for,for,since,注：并非所有for作為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 搞清一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別,I worked here for more than twenty years. (我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這里工作了) I have worked here for more than twenty years. （現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作）,疑難點(diǎn),辨析 have been to和 have gone to,My father has gone to Shanghai for a meeting. 他（已經(jīng)）去了上海。,My father has been to Shanghai for a meeting. 他（曾經(jīng)）去了上海。,She has been to China . 她（曾經(jīng)）去過(guò)中國(guó)。（人已經(jīng)回來(lái)了）,,have been to someplace. 曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，已經(jīng)回來(lái)． has gone to someplace.某人去了某地，還沒(méi)有回來(lái)．,She has gone to China last week. 上周她去了上海 。（人可能回來(lái)了也可能沒(méi)回來(lái)）,用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空： 1.—Where is your brother? —He ____________ the shop. He’ll be back soon. 2. — ______ you ever _________ to America? —Yes, I ___________ New York twice. 3. —Here you are at last! Where _____ you _____? —I _____________ London. 4. —David _____________Australia. —I’m sure he’s already arrived. 5. —Is Benny here? —No, he __________ the school library. He left five minutes ago.,has gone to,Have been to,have been to,have been,have been to,has gone to,has gone to,,9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day. 10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. Ive lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?,goes,have, found,is,were reading,is climbing,is coming,Have, seen,,1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week. 2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office. 5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999. 6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.,have, seen, saw,Has, finished,has, come,has gone,have worked, moved,have made,,have, stayed,have, finished,,1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made 7. have, stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seen,THE END,