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2019-2020年高考英語典型試題精粹 專題十 定語從句 　　高考精萃 1．(xx北京卷)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ________ my classmates remended to me. 2．(xx天津卷)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ________ uses it differently. 3．(xx山東卷)A pany ________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 4．(xx重慶卷)Well reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the year. 5．(xx江蘇卷)The book has helped me greatly in my daily munication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must. 6．(xx浙江卷)I dont bee a serious climber until the fifth grade, ________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. 7．(xx福建卷)Students should involve themselves in munity activities ________ they can gain experience for growth. 8．(xx安徽卷)The exact year ________ Angela and her family spent together in China was xx. 9．(xx湖南卷)I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 10．(xx陜西卷)Please send us all the information ______ you have about the candidate for the position. 11．(xx四川卷)Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite unexpected. 12．(xx江西卷)Among the many dangers __________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog. 13．(xx遼寧卷)He may win the petition, in______case he is likely to get into the national team. 14．(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ)When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ________ I would be staying. 15．(xx北京卷)Many countries are now setting up national parks ________ animals and plants can be protected. 16．(xx天津卷)We have launched another manmade satellite, ________ is announced in todays newspaper. 17．(xx重慶卷)John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members. 18．(xx山東卷)There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science. 19．(xx山東卷)Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was pletely cut off from the outside world. 20．(xx浙江卷)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. 21．(xx福建卷)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________ lives were affected. 22．(xx江蘇卷)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood. 23．(xx安徽卷)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in xx, ________ made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams e true. 24．(xx湖南卷)Happiness and success often e to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 25．(xx四川卷)Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live. 26．(xx江西卷)He wrote a letter ________ he explains what had happened in the accident. 27．(xx課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ)That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. 28．(xx安徽卷)A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. 29．(xx湖南卷)Care of the soul is a gradual process in ________ even the small details of life should be considered. 30．(xx浙江卷)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ________， for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. 答案與解析 1．which　句意：我上周從圖書館借了《夏洛克福爾摩斯》這本書，這是我的同學(xué)推薦給我的。先行詞為the book Sherlock Holmes，從句中remended后缺少賓語成分，故填關(guān)系代詞which。 2．which　句意：英語是一種被好幾種不同的文化都使用的語言，而且每一種文化使用它的方式也不同。設(shè)空處前后兩部分之間既沒有并列連詞也沒有從屬連詞，故后面部分應(yīng)為定語從句，又因?yàn)橄刃性~是cultures且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作介詞of的賓語，所以填which。 3．whose　句意：從國內(nèi)市場得到的利潤正在下降的公司可以去國外尋找機(jī)會。先行詞為pany，將先行詞代入定語從句后為：The panys profits from home markets are declining.由此可見關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作定語，故填whose。 4．which/that　句意：一個月以后我們將會達(dá)到年初所定的銷售目標(biāo)。在本句中，先行詞是the sales targets，關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作set的賓語，所以填關(guān)系代詞which/that。設(shè)空處也可以不填，因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時可以省略。 5．where　句意：這本書對我的日常交流很有幫助，尤其是在那些必須給人留下良好印象的工作中。根據(jù)句意填關(guān)系副詞where。where 引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。 6．when　句意：我直到五年級才真正成為一個攀登者，那時，我爬到樹上去拿一個被掛在樹枝上的風(fēng)箏。在本句中，先行詞為the fifth grade，設(shè)空處在定語從句中作時間狀語，故填when。 7．where　句意：學(xué)生應(yīng)該參加社區(qū)活動，他們從中能獲得成長經(jīng)驗(yàn)。將先行詞munity activities代入定語從句后為：They can gain experience for growth from the munity activities.由此可知關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。故填where。 8．which/that　句意：安杰拉和她的家人一起在中國度過的確切年份是xx年。在本句中，先行詞是the exact year，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作spent的賓語，故填which/that。 9．when　句意：我正期待著那一天的到來，那時我的女兒可以讀這本書并且了解我對她的感情。在本句中，先行詞為the day，關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語，故填when。 10．that　句意：請把你擁有的關(guān)于競聘這個職位的那個候選人的所有信息發(fā)給我們。在本句中，先行詞the information被all修飾，所以只能填關(guān)系代詞that，而不填which。 11．which　句意：到目前為止，我們已經(jīng)為那些貧窮的孩子們籌款50,000英鎊，這非常出乎我們的意料。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是前面整個句子，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，所以填which。 12．which/that　句意：在海員們不得不面對的許多危險(xiǎn)中，最大的危險(xiǎn)很可能是霧。在本句中，先行詞為dangers，將先行詞代入定語從句后為：Sailors have to face the dangers.由此可見，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作face的賓語，且指“物”，故填which/that。 13．which　句意：他有可能贏得這次比賽，假使那樣的話，他有希望進(jìn)入國家隊(duì)。句子可改為：He may win the petition，and in that case he is likely to get into the national team.去掉并列連詞and，用which替換that后變?yōu)橐粋€非限制性定語從句。 14．where/in which　句意：在我到達(dá)后，Bryan帶我去看了我將要住的房子。先行詞the house表示地點(diǎn)，還原到定語從句中為：I would be staying in the house.故應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞where或in which引導(dǎo)定語從句。 15．where/in which　句意：很多國家現(xiàn)在都在建立國家公園，在那里動植物能夠受到保護(hù)。先行詞為national parks，代入定語從句后為：In the national parks animals and plants can be protected.故使用表示地點(diǎn)的關(guān)系副詞where或in which引導(dǎo)定語從句。 16．which/as　句意：我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星，這件事是在今天的報(bào)紙上宣布的。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面一句話，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，故用which/as引導(dǎo)。 17．whom　句意：約翰邀請了大約40人參加他的婚禮，他們當(dāng)中絕大部分都是自家人。在定語從句中如果介詞放在關(guān)系代詞之前，且先行詞指人時，從句中關(guān)系代詞只能使用whom。 18．a(chǎn)s　句意：科學(xué)往往就是這樣，它沒有一個簡單的答案?？崭裉幍囊龑?dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，并引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 19．which/that　句意：他最后到了一座完全與外面世界隔絕的孤島上。定語從句修飾的先行詞是island，將先行詞代入定語從句后為：The island was pletely cut off from the outside world.由此可見先行詞在定語從句中作主語，且先行詞表示“物”，可以用which或that引導(dǎo)。 20．where/on which　句意：博物館將在春天開放，屆時將有一個展覽和一個觀景平臺。參觀者可以在那個觀景臺上觀看正在建設(shè)的大溫室(玻璃暖房)。先行詞為a viewing platform，將其代入定語從句后為：Visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built on the viewing platform.由此可見關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用where/on which。 21．whose　句意：這本書從生活遭受地震影響的人們的視角講述地震的故事。將先行詞those代入定語從句后為：The lives of those were affected.由此可知先行詞在從句中和lives是所屬關(guān)系，從句中缺少定語，故填whose。 22．which　句意：世界銀行主席說他對中國有一種情結(jié)，他記得這種情結(jié)始于他的兒童時代。先行詞是a passion for China，且在定語從句中作starting 的賓語，要用關(guān)系代詞，在非限制性定語從句中用which。 23．which　句意：莫言被授予xx年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎，這使得中國人長久以來擁有的夢想之一變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面整個主句。 24．who　句意：幸福和成功經(jīng)常青睞那些善于發(fā)現(xiàn)自身長處的人。先行詞為those，將先行詞代入非限制性定語從句后為：Those are good at recognizing their own strengths.由此可見，先行詞在定語從句中作主語，且表示“人”，故用who。本題易誤填that。當(dāng)先行詞是指人的不定代詞，如：one，ones，anyone，those，all，nobody等時，用who不用that。 25．where/in which　句意：現(xiàn)在人們更加關(guān)心他們居住的環(huán)境。先行詞是environment，將先行詞代入定語從句后為：They live in the environment.由此可見關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用where/in which 引導(dǎo)。 26．where/in which　句意：他寫了一封信，信中他解釋了事故中發(fā)生了什么。將先行詞letter代入定語從句后為：He explained what had happened in the accident in the letter.由此可知從句中缺少狀語，應(yīng)該用關(guān)系副詞where或in which。 27．which　句意：那晚我工作到很晚，稍后我會告訴你更多關(guān)于那晚的事。先行詞為that evening，將先行詞代入非限制性定語從句后為：I will tell you more about that evening later. 由此可見關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作about 的賓語，且表示“物”，故用which引導(dǎo)。本題易誤填when，考生只看到先行詞為表示時間的名詞，但沒有注意到先行詞在定語從句中的功能。 28．a(chǎn)s　句意：正如人們所發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，許多語言學(xué)習(xí)是在人出生后的第一年發(fā)生的，所以在那段時期父母應(yīng)該跟孩子多說話。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處所填詞為非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，先行詞為A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，且定語從句作為插入語放在了句子中，故答案為as，意為：正如。 29．which　句意：對心靈的關(guān)愛是一個漸進(jìn)的過程，在這個過程中即使最細(xì)微的生活細(xì)節(jié)都應(yīng)該被考慮在內(nèi)?？疾椤敖樵~＋which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。先行詞為a gradual process，將先行詞代入定語從句后為：Even the small details of life should be considered in the gradual process.由此可見關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作介詞in的賓語，所以填which。 30．who　句意：埃倫是一個專畫鳥類和自然風(fēng)景的畫家。由于某種原因，她遠(yuǎn)離了人類社會。此題考查非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Ellen。因?yàn)殛P(guān)系詞指人并且在從句中作主語，所以只能用who。 　　模擬精選 1．(xx沈陽質(zhì)監(jiān)一)—When did you first read Mo Yans stories? —In xx ________ I was attending high school. 2．(xx山東濰坊一模)Life is like an onion, ________ sometimes makes you weep when you try opening it. 3．(xx江蘇蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市調(diào)研一)In the fastmoving information age，teenagers should keep pace with the media environment ________ they municate with the outside world. 4．(xx陜西寶雞質(zhì)檢二)Officials of our city are considering a law ________ would require pet owners to put microchips in their animals. 5．(xx山東濰坊聯(lián)考)Mo Yan，most of ________ novels have been adapted for films，is now a worldfamous writer. 6．(xx山東青島質(zhì)檢)The result was not the same as they had expected, ________ was rather disappointing. 7．(xx北京東城統(tǒng)一檢測)Most of my friends shop at the stores ________ the goods are very cheap. 8．(xx成都二診)The school library is a resource ________ you can take advantage to make progress. 9．(xx北京海淀期末練習(xí))This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ________ many others are short of. 10．(xx福州質(zhì)量檢測)Whether you like it or not，we live in a munity ________ online chatting is an important part of munication. 11．(xx福州畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢)The Voice of China has set up a big stage for young people with a talent for music, ________ some have stood out among them. 12．(xx陜西質(zhì)量檢測一)The living standard of the people in China, ________ is shown in the report, has improved over the past decades. 13．(xx杭州高考科目教學(xué)質(zhì)檢)Each graduate standing on the playground, ________ was acpanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster. 14．(xx合肥第一次質(zhì)檢)The mother thanked the young man again and again, without ________ help her son would have been killed by the passing car. 15．(xx浙江名校聯(lián)盟第一次聯(lián)考)My grandmother lived in a generation ________ women were looked down upon. 16．(xx南京一模)—How do you understand life? —It is a constant match ________ the greatest opponent is yourself. 17．(xx成都第一次診斷)American students take part in a wide variety of afterschool activities ________ they develop their social skills. 18．(xx江西贛州十二縣重點(diǎn)中學(xué)期中)He is such a lazy man ________ nobody wants to work with. 19．(xx濟(jì)南高考模擬)Salina wants to find a job ________ she can use what she has learned at school. 20．(xx遼寧錦州期末)Driveins have large parking lots ________ customers are served in their cars by waitresses. 答案與解析 1．when　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，xx年是先行詞，在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)氖菚r間狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞when 引導(dǎo)。 2．which　句意：生活就像一個洋蔥，當(dāng)你嘗試著剝開它時，它有時候會讓你流淚。which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的先行詞an onion，在從句中做主語。 3．where/in which　此處為定語從句，先行詞為the media environment，在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語。 4．that/which　此處為定語從句，修飾先行詞a law; 因先行詞指物，且關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語，所以用that 或 which 引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 5．whose　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非限制性定語從句。先行詞指人，且關(guān)系詞在從句中做novels 的定語，因此用whose 引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 6．which　句意：結(jié)果與他們當(dāng)初預(yù)料的不一樣，這讓人覺得很失望。這里用which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系代詞which 指代空前的整句內(nèi)容并在從句中做主語。 7．where/in which　根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為the stores, 且空處在從句中做狀語，表示地點(diǎn)，所以要用where/in which。 8．of which　此處為“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，take advantage of 表示“利用”，根據(jù)該搭配可知，應(yīng)填of which。 9．that/which　句意：這家餐館有一種誘人的、如家一般的氛圍，這是很多其他餐館所沒有的。這里需要用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，且指物并在從句中做賓語，因此填that 或which。 10．where/in which　句意：不管你是否喜歡，在我們生活的這個社會，網(wǎng)上聊天是人際交流的一個重要部分?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞a munity，并在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語，因此用where/in which 引導(dǎo)。 11．where/on which　句意：《中國好聲音》為有音樂天賦的年輕人建立了一個大舞臺。在這個舞臺上，一些人從中脫穎而出。分析句子成分可知，“________ some have stood out among them”是定語從句，修飾先行詞stage，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故用where 引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于on which。 12．a(chǎn)s　句意：正如報(bào)告所顯示的，中國人民的生活水平在過去的幾十年里得到了改善。這里用as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系代詞as 指代主句的內(nèi)容并在從句中做主語。 13．who　句意：每個畢業(yè)生都由父親或母親陪伴著站在操場上，等待校長給他們頒發(fā)文憑。這里需要用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中做主語，指人，故用who 引導(dǎo)。 14．whose　句意：這位母親一次又一次地感謝這個年輕人，如果沒有他的幫助，她的兒子就被過往的汽車撞死了。分析句子成分可知，此處應(yīng)用whose 修飾名詞help，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 15．when/in which　句意：我的祖母生活在一個婦女被看不起的時代。此處用when 引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞generation, 在從句中做時間狀語，相當(dāng)于in which。 16．where/in which　句意：——你如何理解生活？——它是一場沒有盡頭的比賽，在這個比賽中最大的對手是你自己。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個定語從句，先行詞是a constant match, 空處在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where 引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于in which。 17．where/in which　空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞activities，且空處在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用where 引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于in which。 18．a(chǎn)s　句意：他是個如此懶惰的人，以至于沒有人想和他一起工作。such...that... 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，that 只起連接作用，從句中不缺少成分。such...as... 中as 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，as 為關(guān)系代詞，在從句中做主語、賓語等。 19．where/in which　句意：Salina 想找一份能用上她在學(xué)校學(xué)的知識的工作?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞a job 并在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語，因此該空可填in which 或 where。 20．where　句意：“免下車”餐廳有很大的停車場，顧客可以在自己的汽車?yán)锝邮芘陶叩姆?wù)。large parking lots 是地點(diǎn)，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以填where。 　　創(chuàng)新預(yù)測 1．With the fast development of agriculture, the people, in ________ village she taught 10 years ago, have lived a happy life. 2．He didnt keep his word, ________ made me upset. 3．Mr. Luke, in ________ supermarket we bought an iPad last week, will give us a report on how to choose a career this evening. 4．Tango is a passionate dance, ________ brings the dancers together in a way that words cant express. 5．The realname policy for train tickets has been applied to all trains since January 1,xx in China, ________ will make it easy for people to get tickets. 6．—Where did you see the movie Life of Pi directed by Ang Lee? —It was in the cinema ________ I regularly go. 7．What do you think of the reason ________ he gave at the meeting yesterday? 8．London successfully held the Olympic Games opening ceremony in xx, ________ is really impressive and beyond peoples imagination. 9．________ is shown in the report, teenager problems are often connected with family life education. 10．Eleven people got killed in the accident, ________ the identities havent been available. 11．His younger sister may already be in high school now, in ________ case this picture book is too childish for her. 12．My daughter, ________ job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home a lot. 13．Amanda hopes to live a simple life ________ she can just enjoy her activities rather than rushing to meet the dealine. 14．There are a couple of art galleries in the city ________ exhibitions are worth visiting. 15．________ is often the case, he es to life when it es to playing football. 16．Living in the mountain area has its problems, of ________ obtaining water is a big one. 17．Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ________ consumer plaints have led to changes in the law. 18．Few people would take an active part in a society ________ culture is so different from their own. 19．Chinas population is expected to increase to about 1.5 billion in 2040, after ________ it will start to decline slowly. 20．I have been looking forward to the day, ________ I am admitted to a key university. 答案與解析 1．whose　句意：隨著農(nóng)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，在她10年前教書的村子里，人們一直過著幸福的生活。in whose village＝in peoples village, 關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，所以填whose。 2．which　which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語。 3．whose　句意：上周我們在他的超市里購買iPad 的那個Luke 先生今天晚上要給我們作關(guān)于擇業(yè)的講座。關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語修飾supermarket，用whose。 4．which　句意：探戈是一種熱情奔放的舞蹈，它以一種難以用語言表達(dá)的方式把跳舞者聚在一起。先行詞是dance，從句為非限制性定語從句，且關(guān)系詞作主語，用which。 5．which　句意：從2012年1月1日以來，在中國實(shí)名制購買火車票制度已應(yīng)用到了所有的火車上，這將會讓人們買票變得容易。根據(jù)語境可知此處為非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語且指代前面整個主句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，故應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞which。 6．where/to which　句意：——你是在哪兒看的李安導(dǎo)演的電影《少年派的奇幻漂流》的？——就是在我常去的那家電影院。定語從句中不缺主語也不缺賓語，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，要用關(guān)系副詞where 或 to which。 7．that/which　句意：你認(rèn)為他在昨天的會上給出的那個理由怎么樣？定語從句修飾的先行詞是the reason，關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語，應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞that/which。 8．which　句意：倫敦成功舉辦了xx年奧林匹克運(yùn)動會的開幕式，給人們留下了深刻的印象，超出了人們的想象。考查which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，which 在從句中作主語。 9．As　句意：正如報(bào)告中所表明的那樣，青少年問題經(jīng)常和家庭生活教育有關(guān)。as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，位置比較靈活，而且可以意為“正如”。 10．of whom　句意：在這次事故中，11人死亡，他們的身份還沒有被確定。of whom the identities＝whose identities 指“死者的身份”。 11．which　句意：他妹妹現(xiàn)在可能已經(jīng)上高中了，這樣的話，這本圖畫書對她來說就太幼稚了。in which case...＝and in this/that case...。 12．whose　句意：我的女兒總不在家，因?yàn)樗墓ぷ餍枰?jīng)常出差。關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，所以填whose。 13．where　句意；Amanda 希望過簡單的生活，在這樣的生活里她可以只做自己喜歡的事情不是忙著趕工期。關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填where。 14．whose　句意：在這座城市里有幾個美術(shù)館，其中的展品值得觀看。因?yàn)殛P(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，所以填whose。 15．As　as is often the case 意為“情況常常如此”，為定語從句的特殊句式，需牢記。 16．which　先行詞為物，定語從句用介詞＋which 引導(dǎo)。 17．where　先行詞為 cases，定語從句中缺狀語，故用 where 引導(dǎo)。 18．whose　whose 引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作定語。 19．which　先行詞為物，定語從句用介詞＋which 引導(dǎo)。 20．when　先行詞為時間名詞，定語從句中缺狀語，故用 when 引導(dǎo)。