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2019-2020年高考英語考前輔導(dǎo)材料 xx屆高三學(xué)子們： 高考的鐘聲即將敲響！經(jīng)過較為系統(tǒng)且全面的復(fù)習(xí)，你們?cè)谟⒄Z方面已取得了很大的進(jìn)步。其實(shí)，復(fù)習(xí)到現(xiàn)在，你們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備得相當(dāng)充分了，只要你充滿信心走進(jìn)考場(chǎng)，勝利就在向你招手。 下面請(qǐng)跟隨我進(jìn)入模塊復(fù)習(xí)的指導(dǎo)。 第一部分：聽力（善于抓住要素) ◆預(yù)測(cè)技巧 ：充分利用聽前時(shí)間和停頓時(shí)間，瀏覽題目和全部選項(xiàng)，預(yù)測(cè)可能涉及的內(nèi)容 如果是獨(dú)白，一定要聽好第一句和最后一句。在聽語篇時(shí)要抓住要素即人物,事件,時(shí)間,地點(diǎn), 以便較好地理解和回憶全“篇”故事，保持良好的心態(tài)，切忌因急躁而影響聽后面的內(nèi)容。 ◆識(shí)別關(guān)鍵詞的技巧：●透露說話人身份的關(guān)鍵詞 ●透露地點(diǎn)場(chǎng)合的關(guān)鍵詞 ●捕捉數(shù)字 ●理解意義，在聽錄音時(shí)要注意轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、否定和虛擬語氣的特殊句型以及時(shí)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換，以便把握說話者的真正意圖。自上而下關(guān)注整篇內(nèi)容的理解 ◆速記技巧：許多材料中涉及數(shù)字，如年代、日期、價(jià)格、數(shù)量、并且會(huì)以基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞、分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)等形式出現(xiàn)，有的聽力題中還設(shè)置簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算，所以要求學(xué)生熟悉各種數(shù)字形式并弄清其間關(guān)系， 如：減價(jià)20% off; special offer, special price, 25% discount, sale 原價(jià)：regular price, normal price 增長(zhǎng)：10% increase in…, 1/3 climb in sth., 下降: 10 decrease / fall in…. 打七折at a 30% discount，one third off the normal price ◆ 時(shí)間運(yùn)用技巧：切記對(duì)于沒有聽清的題目（尤其是第一部分）采取及時(shí)放棄的原則，即隨便選擇一個(gè)然后把注意力集中到下一題，搶在下一題播放之前看完下一題的三個(gè)全部選項(xiàng)，千萬不可以糾纏于已播放完的前一題。 第二部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用 一、單項(xiàng)選擇考點(diǎn) 冠詞、代詞、形容詞和副詞、語義辨析（名詞、介詞和介詞短語）、動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣、定語從句和名詞性從句、并列句和狀語從句、特殊句式、情景交際 二、單項(xiàng)選擇的應(yīng)對(duì)措施 1．提取時(shí)間信息——根據(jù)語境定時(shí)態(tài) 當(dāng)考察謂語或非謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，往往不給時(shí)間狀語。應(yīng)對(duì)方法是在試題中提取與時(shí)間相關(guān)的信息，判斷動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后關(guān)系，從而確定時(shí)態(tài)。 (1)--- Is there anything wrong，Bob？ You look sad. ---Oh, nothing much. In fact, I _____ of my friends back home. A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just be thinking 解析：由對(duì)話語境可知，一方發(fā)覺另一方不對(duì)勁，故問“怎么了？你看上去不高興?！?對(duì)方在思念家鄉(xiāng)的朋友，故回答時(shí)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與just搭配，表示“剛才正在….” (2 ) At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement ______. A. has been reached B. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached 解析：an agreement 與reach 構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故先確定用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。再由語境可知，協(xié)議達(dá)成的動(dòng)作在was announced 之前，故用過去完成時(shí)。 【一試身手】 1).Jim, what a surprise! I ____ you ____ here. A. don’t know; are B. didn’t know; were C. hadn’t known; had been D. haven’t known; were 2).--- This is Zhao Hua speaking. --- I’m sorry. I _____ your voice. A. don’t recognize B. didn’t recognize C. haven’t recognize D. hadn’t recognize 3).---Have you moved into the new flat? ------ Not yet. The rooms ______. A. are being painting B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painted 2. 識(shí)別語氣信息——與事實(shí)相反虛擬探 英語句子均含有語氣信息：句子表示的意義與事實(shí)相反，或是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿 望，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用虛擬語氣。語氣往往隱藏在前后句子的信息中，或由某些關(guān)鍵詞語（but，otherwise等）來實(shí)現(xiàn)。 I didn’t know your mobile number; otherwise I _____ you the second I got to Changsha. A. had rung B. would ring C. should have rung D. would have rung 解析: 根據(jù)句子意義，otherwise前的分句為客觀事實(shí)，使用一般過去時(shí)，而otherwise后的分句則表示與過去事實(shí)相反的一種假設(shè)，句中實(shí)際省略句If I had known your mobile phone number, 故答案應(yīng)選與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)。 【一試身手】 1).When a chopstick is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it______. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. has been broken 2).I didn’t meet Mr. Smith at the station. How I wish I ____ him. A. had seen B. saw C. have seen D. was seeing 3).But for your advice, I______ out of the trouble last week. A. wouldn’t get B. wouldn’t have got C. couldn’t get D. won’t get 3. 鑒別語態(tài)信息---及物無賓被動(dòng)看 當(dāng)選項(xiàng)中既有不同的時(shí)態(tài)形式，又有不同的語態(tài)形式時(shí)，先判斷語態(tài)， 后判斷時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)檎Z態(tài)容易判斷：當(dāng)所給動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，后面沒有帶賓語且句子的主語承受該動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作時(shí)，就可先選定被動(dòng)形式的選項(xiàng)。接下來根據(jù)所給時(shí)間狀語或語境暗示的時(shí)間判斷時(shí)態(tài)。若所給動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞， 就不需要考慮被動(dòng)語態(tài)問題。 The flowers were so lovely that they _____ in no time. A sold B had been sold C were sold D would sell 解析: 所給動(dòng)詞sell在此是及物動(dòng)詞，其后沒有賓語，主語they是sell的承受者， 一優(yōu)先考慮被動(dòng)語態(tài)選項(xiàng)B和C。再判斷時(shí)態(tài)：sell動(dòng)詞表示的時(shí)間不會(huì)再were 之前發(fā)生， 故只能考慮一般過去時(shí)。故選擇were sold. 但需注意有些動(dòng)詞，如上面提到的sell 既可以用作及物動(dòng)詞也可以用作不及物動(dòng)詞，這就需要具體情況具體分析。如sell表示銷售狀況并跟有相應(yīng)的副詞時(shí)，一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞。如：The ticket cost so much and sold badly. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight. A training B being trained C to have trained D to be trained 解析: 非謂語動(dòng)詞train是及物動(dòng)詞，后面沒有賓語，先考慮被動(dòng)語態(tài)選項(xiàng)B和D.又從非謂語動(dòng)詞的作用可知，這里應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語。故選擇不定式的被動(dòng)式。 【一試身手】 1)Gold ____ in California in the nineteenth century. A was discovered B discovered C had discovered D was being discovered 2)The girl went to the party without_______. A inviting B being invited C to be invited D invited 3) ______ from the tower at night, the city looks more beautiful/ A To be seen B Seeing C Being seen D Seen 4. 搜索明暗信息------綜合推理作判斷 在考查語境的試題中，總會(huì)提供一些有助于解題的相關(guān)信息：明示信息由關(guān)鍵詞直接提示；而暗示信息需要理解和體驗(yàn)語境意義才能得到。明示信息為解題提供參考和方向，暗示信息最終決定選項(xiàng)。因此遇到此類試題，要善于搜索明示信息，以排除與題意無關(guān)的選項(xiàng)；再深刻理解語境含義以獲取暗示信息，進(jìn)行綜合推理，作出正確的選擇。 【例題】 He and his wife are of the same _____; they both want their son to go to college. A soul B spirit C heart D mind 解析:答案為D. 本題考查名詞的區(qū)別。明示信息為：soul靈魂、心靈、精神； spirit靈魂、心靈、精神；heart心境、心情、內(nèi)心；mind頭腦、精神、愿望、看法。四個(gè)名詞均可放入空格處。暗示信息：他們想讓他們的兒子上大學(xué)，暗示了一種想法，故與mind意思相同，那么前面一句的意思就是“他和 他的妻子有一樣的愿望\想法?！? 【一試身手】 1).Mr. Li hesitated for a long time. But he decided to lend me a help ____. A finally B immediately C gradually D slowly 2). --- Good morning, Green Hotel. --- Hello, I’d like to book a room for the night of the 18th and 19th. ---_______. I’ll check. A Ten dollars for each room B Just a minute C No problem D At your service 3). Lin Tao _____ lies. No one seems to like him. A. has never told B. is always telling C. has just told D. tells 5. 分析句子成分—— 移位變通結(jié)構(gòu)顯 一般說來，英語句子的各個(gè)成分的位置事比較固定的。但有時(shí)為了表達(dá)不同的情感，態(tài)度或語氣，會(huì)通過某些語法手段，或添加某些次要成分，或把句子的某些成分進(jìn)行移位。移位現(xiàn)象常出現(xiàn)在特殊問句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、從句、倒裝句等句型中。應(yīng)對(duì)方法是認(rèn)真分析試題的各個(gè)成分之間的關(guān)系，把移了的位的成分放回到它原來應(yīng)在的位置，這樣一來，判斷正確選項(xiàng)就容易了。 The village has developed a lot ____ we learned farming two years ago. A. when B. which C. that D. where 解析: 由the village 和two years ago 可知本題由時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)。故不太可能出現(xiàn)時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)狀語從句。通過移位，把從句放在village 的后面就可以應(yīng)由where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。 【一試身手】 1)The play brought the hours back to me ____ I had worked in a faraway farm. A. until B. that C. when D. where 2)The young man has spent as much time as he could ____ English. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. done 3)My aunt was disappointed to see the washing machine she ____ went wrong again. A. has repaired B. had had repaired C. repaired D. had had repairing 6. 補(bǔ)全缺失成分-------省略替代原句現(xiàn) 試題有時(shí)創(chuàng)設(shè)一定條件，使之符合某一省略或替代規(guī)則，以增加判斷正確選項(xiàng)的難度。應(yīng)對(duì)方法是按照某一省略或替代規(guī)則補(bǔ)全被省略的缺失成分，再現(xiàn)完整的句子，這樣有助于判斷信選項(xiàng)是否正確。 ---Do you have idea what Paul does all day? ---As I know, he spends at least as much time playing as he_____. A. writes B. does writing C. is writing D. does write 解析:由試題結(jié)構(gòu)可知“as he_____” 為比較狀語從句，這樣的從句常省略和前面相同的詞語。本題用does替代謂語spends， 省略time 和in。 把從句還原為完整的句子為：as he spends time in writing。 【一試身手】 1).The research is so designed that once ____ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. beginning C. is begun D. begun 2).-------Why did you take a taxi ? ---------I ______. I was late. A. have to B. have to do C. had to D. had to do 3).-------Don’t forget to buy me a stamp when passing the post office. -------_____. A.I don’t. B.I can’t C.I haven’t D.I won’t 7.去掉次要成分-------呼語插入語不見 當(dāng)試題中有稱呼語，插入語或其他次要成分時(shí)，可采取視而不見的方法，將其去掉，從而使句子結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，易于判斷觸正確的選項(xiàng)。 Help others whenever you can _____you will make the world a nicer place to live in. A. and B. or C. unless D. but 解析:句中的whenever you can 為次要成分，可忽略不看，一個(gè) “祈使句+and+分句”的結(jié)構(gòu)就清晰可見了。 Mary,_____ here ---- everybody else, stay where you are. A. e B. es C. to e D. ing 解析: Mary 和everybody else 作為呼語出現(xiàn)， 后面的句子為祈使句，省略了第二人稱主語you, 故選動(dòng)詞原形e 【一試身手】 1). ---Ruth, look after your sister this afternoon,_____? ----- But I have to do a lot of exercises. A. will you B. do you C. have you D. don’t you 2).The lady is always saying that her daughter is the cleverest student in the class,_____, of course, made the other ladies unhappy. A. when B. that C. what D. which 3).The woman shouted in the shop with great anger , as you expected, ____her hand at the assistant. A pointed B pointing C to point D had pointed 8.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型優(yōu)先——疑似強(qiáng)調(diào)還原看 當(dāng)試題（包括選項(xiàng)）中有 it is / was…that/who時(shí)，應(yīng)先作強(qiáng)調(diào)句型來考慮，將此疑似強(qiáng)調(diào)句型還原為普通句型。若去掉it is / was和that/who之后句子結(jié)構(gòu)依然完整，就證明是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。反之，若有句子結(jié)構(gòu)問題，就不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，就要考慮是否是其他句型。 1).It ____we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ___ I found we had a lot in mon. A was until ; when B was until; that C wasn＇t until ; when D wasn’t until ; that 解析: 去掉it is/was和that之后本句可還原為 I didn’t find we had a lot in mon until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks. 故是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 2). It was after he got what he had desired _____ he realized it was not so important. A. that B. when C. since D. as 解析: 題干中有it was，選項(xiàng)中由that，疑是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。去掉it和was之后還原為普通句型After he got what he had desired he realized it was not so important。其結(jié)構(gòu)完整，證明是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 【一試身手】 1)Was it ____ the professor regarded as the brightest ones? A. them that B. they that C. them which D. they whom 2)_______ you were born ? A. Was it where that B. It was where that C. Where it was that D. Where was it that 3)_______ she realised it was too late to go home. How hardworking she was! A. It was not until dark that B. Hardly did it grow dark when C. No sooner it grew dark than D. Scarcely had it grown dark than 9．查看主賓表定-------缺啥補(bǔ)啥句健全 當(dāng)考察名詞性從句或定語從句時(shí)，依次優(yōu)先觀察從句中是否缺主語，賓語，若缺某一成分，就得選擇能夠充當(dāng)該成分的選項(xiàng)。若主語、賓語、表語或定語都不缺，就再觀察句子是否缺哪類狀語，選擇能夠充當(dāng)該狀語的選項(xiàng)，以補(bǔ)全句子結(jié)構(gòu)。 Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for. A. what B. why C how D whether 解析: what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作介詞on的賓語,what在從句中又充當(dāng)介詞for的賓語. We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of are healthy. A that B which C what D whom 解析: 本題考察非限制性定性定語從句,介詞of后面缺賓語,能夠作賓語且能夠引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞which 和whom， 由于非限制性定性定語從句用來說明前面指人的名詞people， 故用whom充當(dāng)介詞of的賓語。 【一試身手】 1)._______ I said at the meeting must be kept secret. A. Whatever B. However C. Wherever D. Whenever 2).One of the blind men held the view _____ he felt was right. A. that B. what C. what that D. that what 3).The promise ___ was made by my father was ___ he would buy me a puter if I studied harder than before. A. that; that B. what; that C. what; what D. that; what 10. 細(xì)辨句子結(jié)構(gòu)------留意連詞與標(biāo)點(diǎn) 在試題中，用連詞或用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)可以決定句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，因此，解題時(shí)不可忽視 小小的連詞和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。 The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _____ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. A. who B. that C. as D. which 解析: 空格前面是逗號(hào)，意味著后面的句子應(yīng)為從句。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺失主語，指代前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容。 The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ___for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished 解析: 由于中間有逗號(hào)， 意味著后面的部分是狀語。由于該部分前面沒有連詞，故不能用謂語形式。 因此要用finished構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 【一試身手】 1)._____ is reported on TV, another two American soldiers were killed in the bomb explosion. A. It B. That C. As D. When 2).You ____ recite the poem----- you’ve only read it twice. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. needn’t 3). ______ on the top of tower and you’ll enjoy the scenery of the whole city. A. Standing B. Stood C. To stand D. Stand 11. 注意前后搭配---舍近就遠(yuǎn)亦常見 在考查詞語搭配時(shí)，不僅要考慮與臨近詞語的搭配關(guān)系，還要考慮是否與離它 較遠(yuǎn)的前面或后面的詞語由搭配關(guān)系，若有，就得“舍近就遠(yuǎn)”。 Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, ___the way they actually are. A. as B. or C. but D. and [解析] 如果只考慮后面的搭配， 可能會(huì)選B. 但是如果和前面的not….nor… 聯(lián)系時(shí)，就會(huì)意識(shí)到還有這樣的搭配：not…nor…but。。表示 “不是…也不是…而是…” 【一試身手】 1).Writing that English position has taken what little there is ____my spare time. A. from B. in C. of D. at 2).Mr. Green made up his mind to devote all he had to ____some schools for poor children. A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up 3)._____ homework did those students have to do that they had no time to take a rest. A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little 12. 克服習(xí)慣思維---有違常理究其然 習(xí)慣思維有時(shí)對(duì)解相似題有幫助。但因?yàn)橄嗨疲袝r(shí)又會(huì)導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)論。因 此，在必要的時(shí)候，克服習(xí)慣思維的束縛，往貌似違背常理的方面去思考，探其究竟，反而會(huì)得出正確的結(jié)論。 --- Where did you get to know her? --- It was on the farm______ we worked. A. that B. there C. which D. where 解析:很容易認(rèn)為是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型而誤選that。 但分析問句和答語就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)： 第一句是問“地點(diǎn)”， 所以回答的內(nèi)容應(yīng)是地點(diǎn)。因此，這題其實(shí)是考定語從句，答語意思是“在我們工作的農(nóng)場(chǎng)里”。這樣前言后語之間就符合常理。 若視為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其意思是“我們就是在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里工作的” 這樣就答非所問了。 【一試身手】 1).In that case, there is nothing you can do _____ than wait. A. other B. more C. better D. any 2).Do you know the difficulty he had ____ the family. A. to support B. supporting C. supported D. for supporting 3).The young men have decided to spend all his spare time____ the children in the mountainous areas. A. to teach B. teaching C. teach D. taught ★★ 解題時(shí)要正確理解： ▲句子的真實(shí)含義 ▲句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，是簡(jiǎn)單句還是復(fù)合句 ▲所填部分在句中的功能或作用 ▲習(xí)語或固定搭配的確切含義 ▲詞語的意義和用法 解題技巧點(diǎn)撥： ?先考慮句子結(jié)構(gòu),再考慮語意和語法知識(shí)； ?注意前后的暗示句，從語境中挖掘提示信息； ?緊扣主句，化繁為簡(jiǎn)； ?采用代入法，逐一排除。 【友情提醒】完成時(shí)間：10分鐘內(nèi) 二、完形填空要點(diǎn) 完形填空就是在一篇語意完整的短文中有目的地制造一些空白，造成信息鏈的中斷，讓考生在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上，綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)和常識(shí)，對(duì)每個(gè)題的備選項(xiàng)做出盡可能合理的分析、判斷，從中選出正確答案或最佳答案，使重新構(gòu)建的文章主旨鮮明，文意暢達(dá)，邏輯嚴(yán)密。 一）當(dāng)前完形填空的特點(diǎn): 題材多為記敘文，夾敘夾議的。第一句一般不設(shè)空。 短文長(zhǎng)度基本穩(wěn)定，一般在250～300個(gè)單詞左右。 短文難度基本穩(wěn)定，與高中英語教材課文難易基本相當(dāng)。 考查內(nèi)容主要為語言在語境中的運(yùn)用，而非單純語法。每題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)大多屬同一語法范疇。 二）完形填空的解題步驟: 1.跳讀首尾句，判斷文體，預(yù)測(cè)主題。 一般來講，高考完形填空的首、尾句是不挖空的，先跳讀這兩句，便可判斷體裁，猜想它要講什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what,即四個(gè)W，那么就是記敘文，很可能就是一個(gè)故事，為了測(cè)試語篇的理解能力，出題者特別注意選材的趣味性，其結(jié)尾往往出人意料，耐人尋味；若首句是提出或解釋說明某事物，一般來說是說明文；若首句提出一個(gè)論點(diǎn)，那么就是議論文。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.通讀全文，掌握主旨大意 邊讀邊填獨(dú)立題(詞語搭配類、近義詞辨析類、語法類)和前提示題，了解全文，把握大意。一定要積極開動(dòng)腦筋，根據(jù)初步結(jié)論、按照不同文體的寫作特點(diǎn)，找準(zhǔn)信息詞，貯存上文信息，幫助解決下文空格。要留心詞與詞、句與句之間的各種連結(jié)和修飾關(guān)系，掌握詞語的習(xí)慣搭配，尤其要注意所選擇的詞在具體語境中的確切含義，注意識(shí)別近異詞和同義詞。有時(shí)還要運(yùn)用一些語言以外的知識(shí)，如文化背景、風(fēng)土人情、地理、歷史以及生活常識(shí)等幫助確定答案。 3.細(xì)讀全文，瞻前顧后，排除干擾，試填后暗示題和前后暗示題。 4.查漏補(bǔ)缺，反復(fù)推敲，調(diào)整答案。 復(fù)讀時(shí)，要根據(jù)文章的中心去判斷所選答案是否符合邏輯，是否服務(wù)于文章的主題，有無語法或搭配錯(cuò)誤。審讀過程中，若遇不暢之處，必有疑點(diǎn)，應(yīng)從語義和邏輯兩方面權(quán)衡優(yōu)劣，從而糾正錯(cuò)誤，彌補(bǔ)疏漏。對(duì)于仍拿不準(zhǔn)的個(gè)別選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)堅(jiān)持自己的第一感覺。 總之，完型填空題并無固定的解題技巧，但做題時(shí)需要結(jié)合文章的特點(diǎn)，弄清短文大意，從整體篇幅上隨時(shí)設(shè)想所遇空白中應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容，而后再以該題選項(xiàng)來驗(yàn)證自己的推測(cè)，做出調(diào)整和修改。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 具體步驟如下： （一）、研讀首句，通覽全文，抓準(zhǔn)主旨 完形填空是一篇意思完整、結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)奈恼拢忌鲱}時(shí)要整體把握。所以應(yīng)首先通讀全文，掌握文章大意，從整體上把握文章脈絡(luò)、結(jié)構(gòu)，理解作者的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度，為下一步做題打好基礎(chǔ)。 有的同學(xué)或是急于求成，總想"一步到位"，或是由于原文設(shè)置空格所造成的理解障礙，擔(dān)心通讀文章時(shí)不但抓不住大意反而浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，未通覽全文即邊讀邊填，結(jié)果是就句論句，無法形成連貫的思路，或"見木不見林"，理解偏離文章的中心，欲速則不達(dá)。 另外，大家要給文章準(zhǔn)確定位，不僅要重視文章的首句，有時(shí)注意一下文章的結(jié)尾，首尾聯(lián)系起來，對(duì)文章的定位會(huì)更準(zhǔn)確。 抓住文章的主旨大意后，考生圍繞主旨大意去閱讀、預(yù)測(cè)、推理、判斷，往往會(huì)收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干擾性強(qiáng)，容易使人犯想當(dāng)然錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)也就起不到作用了。 xx 全國試卷A 首句為： One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant, waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive. 從這句話中我們可以獲知事情發(fā)生在我最喜歡去的飯店里。所以下文中第41、42、43、45、46題就可以根據(jù)這個(gè)信息而輕易得出正確的答案。 When the waiter brought my 41 the man was clearly puzzled by the 42 way in which the waiter and I 43 each other. He seemed even more puzzled as 44 went on and it became 45 that all the waiters in the restaurant knew me. Finally he got up and went into the 46 . 41. A. menu B. bill C. paper D. food 42. A. direct B. familiar C.strange D. funny 43. A. chatted with B. looked at C. laughed at D. talked about 44. A. the waiter B. time C. I D. the dinner 45. A. true B. hopeful C. clear D. possible 46. A. restaurant B. washroom C. office D. kitchen （二）、細(xì)讀全文，試選答案 1. 聯(lián)系上下文語境 斷章取義，就題論題，忽視上下文的信息提示是學(xué)生常犯的錯(cuò)誤?？忌谧鐾晷翁羁盏倪^程中，應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)邊讀邊在大腦中儲(chǔ)藏上下文的信息。信息提示有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在前面，有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在后面。 如： 1) Traveling west, you set your clock __1__ ; traveling east, you set it ahead. A behind B. forward C. back D. ahead 2) Many old people don’t have good __2__. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to the music. A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time 3) Many Africans are very __3__ and so they can’t afford to eat much meat with their cereal. A healthy B. poor C. rich D .weak 4) Mrs. ONeill asked __7__ questions, and she didnt scold us either. A. no B. certain C. many D. more 5) __20__ the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket __21__ turned over to the policeman? Should the extra change received at the store be forgotten or returned? (20) A. Should B. Must C. Would D. Need (21) A. and B. or C. then D. but 6）My family was 43 . We paid our debts. But before harvest, cash was short. Would the store owner 44 us ? （xx 山東高考） (43) A. generous B. honest C. friendly D. modest (44) A. blame B. excuse C. charge D. trust 7) Carolyn Stradley is the founder of C&S Paving Inc. (鋪路公司) in Atlanta, USA. In the following account, she recalls the job that challenged her __1__ and skill but left her flying high. … “The key to our success was having the __courage__ to take on any job and then being creative in our approach to getting it done.” （07江蘇高考） (1) A. kindness B. patience C. imagination D. experience 2. 注意習(xí)慣搭配 完形填空經(jīng)常會(huì)對(duì)一些習(xí)慣搭配進(jìn)行考查，這就需要我們平時(shí)加強(qiáng)對(duì)習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配的掌握。包括介詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配、動(dòng)詞與賓語的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等。要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語 如： 11) Heres a fellow who just walks into a bank and helps himself __29__ so much money. A. for B. by C. to D. of 2) He simply stared __5__ her with that peculiar expression __6__ his face. (5) A. on B. to C. in D. at (6) A. in B. on C.with D. behind 3) As for this, there is a great __1__ between insects and human beings. The former __2__ every possible efforts to avoid being discovered, while the latter quickly __3__ attention to themselves. （05重慶高考) (1) A.connection B. difference C. munication D. similarity (2) A. do B. take C. make D. try (3) A. give B. keep C.pay D. draw 46) The chance passed and I didn’t __50__ it. I sat the exam the next day and I won. I didn’t __51__ to cheat, but I was still cheating anyhow. (06江蘇高考) (50) A. take B. have C. lose D. find (51) A. remember B. learn C. mean D. pretend 5) Life is filled with challenges. As we got older we __1__ realize that those challenges are the very things that __shape__ us and make us who we are,… （07山東高考） A. seem to B. e to C. hope to D. try to 6) …, you can still decide __how__ you will respond and handle the life that’s been handed to you. You still have __45__ of your own attitudes. (徐州三模) A. power B. control C. authority D. sense 3. 發(fā)揮邏輯思維能力 近幾年NMET完形填空以敘事為主，有時(shí)加入一定的議論和說明，內(nèi)容貼近生活，表層意思易于理解，所以很容易給學(xué)生造成一種"假象"，產(chǎn)生"輕敵"心理，有些同學(xué)做完一篇完形填空以后，自我感覺不錯(cuò)，但一對(duì)答案錯(cuò)很多，原因是這些同學(xué)僅僅理解了文章的表層含義，而忽略了其深層含義。事實(shí)上，NMET完形填空文章大都包含一定的哲理、寓意，具備深層探詢的可能性。這就要求考生不僅要明確文章的表層意義，還要挖掘出文章的深層含義，做到"表里一致"。 1) 52 laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure happiness. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I 2) I saw their bodies, but I couldn’t feel their souls 23 their souls belonged to the net_. (05浙江高考) A. because B. when C. until D. unless 3) Because we were new and really needed the work, we were __7__ to try harder. We gave National Car Rental our offer and __8__ our best effort to get the job finished within ten days. （07江蘇高考） (7) A. able B. nervous C. afraid D. willing (8) A. supported B. promised C. continued D. improved 4) It is all part of growing up, it __happens__ to everyone, and some day you will __20__ all of this and say, “Hard as it was, it made me who I am today. And that is a good thing.” (07山東高考) 4．詞義辨析 完形填空中有些考點(diǎn)涉及詞義辨析。這類考點(diǎn)可以一箭雙雕，既考查考生對(duì)詞語的掌握和詞匯量的大小，又考查考生結(jié)合語境情景用詞能力。與單項(xiàng)填空題的詞語辨析題相比完形填空題的詞語辨析更具綜合性。 如： 1) Soon I heard a __1__ like that of a door burst in, and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D. noise 2) The back door and the windows were all closed and there was no __3__ of forced entry. A. scene B. show C. sign D.