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2019年高考英語一輪復習 語法對點講練 代詞 新人教版 Ⅰ.語法知識 1．(xx浙江卷)Half of ________ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears. A. these B. some C. ones D. those 答案與解析　D　those特指可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)； ones泛指； some“一些”； these“這些”，近指，由surveyed in 16 countries可知those符合句意。 2．(xx北京豐臺區(qū)練習二)The two runners are neck and neck; ________ of them could win the race. A. either B. neither C. all D. none 答案與解析　A　句意：兩位賽跑者齊頭并進，所以他們中任何一個都可能贏得比賽。表示兩者中的任何一個用either。故選A項。 3．(xx山東規(guī)范化學校聯(lián)考)I dont think ________ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. this B. that C. its D. it 答案與解析　D　it作形式賓語，真正賓語是后面的不定式短語。 4．(xx蘭州一中第一次月考)Chinese have a dream, ________ we devote ourselves to. A. it B. that C. what D. one 答案與解析　D　在one we devote ourselves to中， one指代a dream，作同位語， we devote ourselves to是定語從句。one表示泛指，而it指同一個， that指代上文提到的同一名詞，表特指，所以只有D項正確。 5．(xx衡水二模)You may depend on ________ that they will look after your daughter when you are away. A. them B. this C. her D. it 答案與解析　D　句意：當你離開后，你可以放心，他們會照顧好你的女兒。根據(jù)句意并分析句子成分可知，空處it作形式賓語， that引導的從句是真正賓語，故選D項。 Ⅱ.單句語法填空 6．The sick salesman was happy to stay at home because doing ________ was a thorough rest for him. 答案與解析　nothing　由句意特別是sick, happy, thorough rest等詞可知。 7．The students who do well in exams are usually ________ who ask questions in class. 答案與解析　those　空白處代替the students, students為名詞復數(shù)。所填詞有定語從句限定，表示特指，用those。 8．— Hurry up! Cant you drive faster, Jack? — No. If I got ________ speeding ticket, my dad would take away my car. 答案與解析　another　another在此作定語用，表示“另外的一個”，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 9．— Madam, the two pairs of shoes are the new arrival of this season. — Well, I like ________ of them. Do you have another pair? 答案與解析　neither　第一個講話者提到的是兩雙鞋，又根據(jù)答語“Do you have another pair？”可知答話者對被推薦的兩雙鞋都不喜歡，所以她說“I like neither of them”， neither表示兩者全部否定。 10．— Mum, have you seen my new book? — ________ you bought last Sunday? Im afraid I havent seen ________. 答案與解析　The one; it　句意：——媽媽，你看見了我的新書嗎？——你上星期日買的那本嗎？我沒有看見。第一空指代上文出現(xiàn)過的同類事物，且表特指，因此用the one；第二空指代上文出現(xiàn)過的同一事物，因此用it。 Ⅲ.語法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 When Sam first got to his boarding school with his parents, he __11__ (be) very happy. He thought he would be able to go home every weekend. When he was told that he would not, he started crying because __12__ thought of not seeing his parents was driving him crazy. He __13__ (give) uniforms and all other things that he would need for the term. He started crying when __14__ was time for his parents to leave. He was then taken to the dorm, __15__ he saw other children happy. He tried as much as he could __16__ (fit) in but could not because his mind was at home. He started feeling homesick (想家) and wanted to go home as soon as possible. He got sick soon __17__ he could not eat the school food. He could not concentrate in the classroom. All he could think of was __18__ (be) at home with his family. He had no mobile phone or __19__ means to get in touch with his parents. He was angry and felt lonely. He thought his parents hated him and that was __20__ they left him in a boarding school. 答案與解析　 11．was　所給詞在句中作謂語，且表過去的狀態(tài)，故填was。 12．the　特指看不見父母的想法，填the。 13．was given　所給詞在句中作謂語且表被動，故填was given。 14．it　it was time for sb. to do sth.“是某人該做某事的時候了”。 15．where　先行詞是the dorm，空格后面的從句中缺少地點狀語，故填where引導定語從句。 16．to fit　本句為He tried as much as he could (try) to fit in ...“他竭力去適應……”。 17．because　because引導原因狀語從句，說明原因。 18．being　動名詞作表語。句意：他想的全是和家人在一起。 19．other　other means“其他方式”。 20．why　that was why ...“這就是為什么……”。 Ⅳ.完形填空 Yesterday, our teacher asked us when a man could be referred as an old man.David stood up and said people with wrinkles could be called old people. However, Mary didnt __21__， for some people may gain wrinkles at an earlier age owing to their __22__ work.Then Lily expressed her idea that those reaching their 60s or more could be called old people.This time, Emily expressed her __23__ that some old people may still be energetic and trying to pursue their dreams, which makes them appear __24__. The class was over and we still didnt reach any __25__， so the teacher asked us to think about it after class. The __26__ has reminded me of the saying of J．Barrymore that a man isnt old as long as he is __27__ something. My grandma is such a woman who pursues her dream __28__ when shes 70 now.She has __29__ her dream of being a painter since she was a little child. __30__， because her family was poor, she had to __31__ her dream and stepped into __32__ to raise money so as to support her family.Though she has __33__ abandoned her dream, she could hardly find any __34__ to realize it because of the tough work. __35__， chance came when she retired from her work.She began taking her painting lessons __36__ she had allwhite hair and lots of wrinkles.At first, I was __37__ her idea of attending school at so old an age, but after seeing her paint happily and enjoyably, I __38__ feeling it a good choice.She seems energetic and __39__ fine. So if we have our dreams and seek for them, we arent old.Its when we dont know what we want and let __40__ be the centre point of our lives that we can finally be regarded as the old. 21．A. respond B. agree C. identify D. understand 22．A. negative B. boring C. tough D. challenging 23．A. certainty B. wish C. theory D. doubt 24．A. attractive B. young C. intelligent D. ambitious 25．A. conclusion B. contract C. decision D. destination 26．A. embarrassment B. obstacle C. question D. confusion 27.A. preserving B. seeking C. treasuring D. possessing 28.A. even B. nearly C. only D. hardly 29．A. realized B. changed C. promoted D. kept 30．A. However B. Instead C. Moreover D. Therefore 31．A. give up B. search for C. put aside D. stick to 32．A. reality B. society C. world D. nature 33．A. seldom B. occasionally C. already D. never 34．A. time B. energy C. help D. money 35．A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Soon D. Fortunately 36． A. because B. once C. though D. unless 37．A. against B. for C. at D. with 38．A. risked B. rejected C. continued D. began 39．A. feels B. proves C. looks D. grows 40．A. achievements B. regrets C. dreams D. difficulties 答案與解析　 21．B　根據(jù)空后“因為一些人有可能由于工作艱苦過早地長皺紋?！笨芍旣惒煌獯骶S的看法。 22．C　tough“艱苦的”，符合上下文意思。negative“消極的”； boring“煩人的”； challenging“挑戰(zhàn)的”。 23．D　莉莉表達了自己的見解，她認為人到60多歲就算老年了，這時埃米莉表示出了懷疑。express doubt“表示懷疑”。 24．B　在埃米莉看來，一些老年人仍然精力充沛，追求著他們的夢想，這就使得他們顯得很年輕。 25．A　reach a conclusion“得出結論”。 26．C　根據(jù)上文可知這里用question，即那個老師要我們課后繼續(xù)討論的問題。embarrassment“窘迫；難堪”； obstacle“障礙”； confusion“混淆；困惑”。 27．B　根據(jù)上文的“be energetic and trying to pursue their dream”可知，選用seek“追求”。preserve“保護”； treasure“珍惜”； possess“占有”。 28．A　even“甚至”，用于強調(diào)狀語從句。 29．D　keep ones dream“懷抱夢想”。 30．A　however“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 31．C　由于家庭貧困她只好把自己的夢想暫時擱置一邊兒，進入社會去掙錢，以便養(yǎng)家糊口。put aside“暫不考慮”； give up“放棄”； search for“尋找”； stick to“堅持”。 32．B　step into society“進入社會”。 33．D　由于工作艱苦，她雖然決心不放棄，但是幾乎找不到時間來實現(xiàn)她的夢想。 34．A　根據(jù)“because of the tough work”可知她沒有時間。 35．B　根據(jù)下文，她實現(xiàn)自己夢想的機會“終于”來了。 36．C　雖然她已經(jīng)滿頭白發(fā)，臉上布滿了皺紋，還是開始參加繪畫課程。 37．A　be against“反對”。 38．D　我開始感到這是一個好的選擇。 39．C　她似乎精力充沛，氣色很好。look“看起來”，是給人的感覺或印象。feel“感覺”； prove“證明是”； grow“變得”。 40．B　只有在我們不知道我們的欲望是什么，把遺憾放在我們生活中心位置時，我們才最終被認為是老了。 Ⅴ.閱讀理解 Where Are They Now: Life after Olympic Gold These celebrated Olympic champions from decades past wrote sports history, but what are they up to now? Heres the latest on some of the greatest. Edwin Moses _How_you_know_him:_Gold Medals in 400 Metres Hurdles (1976 Montreal Games, 1984 Los Angeles Games) Where_he_is_today:_Moses earned a degree in physics and later held a fulltime job as an engineer.After retirement, he earned his masters degree in business.In xx, Moses took on the role of executive chairman of Laureus. Kerri Strug How_you_know_her:_Gold Medal in Gymnastics (1996 Atlanta), when she peted through the pain of the ankle damage to land the goldwinning vault (跳馬)． Where_she_is_today:_Strug lives in Tucson, Arizona.She does public relations for USA Gymnastics, speaking regularly at events and attending the Games on behalf of sponsors. Dick Fosbury How_you_know_him:_Gold Medal in High Jump (1968 Mexico City Games) Where_he_is_today:_Fosbury is an executive mittee member of the World Olympians Association.But he hasnt left the tracks just yet — he coaches teenager athletes at Dick Fosbury Track Camps. Greg Louganis How_you_know_him:_Gold Medals in Diving (1984 Los Angeles Games, 1988 Seoul Games) Where_he_is_today:_Louganis developed AIDS and retired in 1989.It wasnt until the mid90s that he announced he was HIVpositive.Since then, Louganis has been an outspoken advocate for HIV awareness. Dominique Dawes How_you_know_her:_Gold Medal in Gymnastics (1996 Atlanta Games) Where_she_is_today:_President Barack Obama appointed her and New Orleans Saints quarterback (四分衛(wèi)) Drew Brees as cochairs of the Presidents Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition. Dawes is also the cohost for Yahoo — News Weekend Edition. 41．Who won two gold medals? A. Edwin Moses and Greg Louganis. B. Dominique Dawes and Edwin Moses. C. Dick Fosbury and Kerri Strug. D. Greg Louganis and Dick Fosbury. 答案與解析　A　根據(jù)Edwin Moses一欄中的“(1976 Montreal Games, 1984 Los Angeles Games)”和Greg Louganis一欄中的“(1984 Los Angeles Games, 1988 Seoul Games)”可知，獲得兩次金牌的是愛德溫摩西和格雷格洛加尼斯。 42．________ won the gold medal in Gymnastics in spite of injury. A. Edwin Moses B. Dominique Dawes C. Greg Louganis D. Kerri Strug 答案與解析　D　根據(jù)Kerri Strug一欄中的“... when she peted through the pain of the ankle damaged to land the goldwinning vault.”可知，在體操比賽中，盡管克里斯特魯格受了傷，她還是穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地完成了最后一躍，獲得金牌。 43．The gold medalist who is still training young sportsmen is ________. A. Greg Louganis B. Dick Fosbury C. Edwin Moses D. Dominique Dawes 答案與解析　B　根據(jù)Dick Fosbury一欄中的“he coaches teenager athletes at Dick Fosbury Track Camps.”可知，迪克福斯伯里現(xiàn)在還在迪克背越式跳高訓練營訓練青少年運動員。