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2019年高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破 真題分類 特殊句式 A．can be the patients treated B．can the patients be treated C．the patients can be treated D．treated can be the patients 【解析】　題干的意思是：“只有把這家醫(yī)院醫(yī)生的人數(shù)增加50%，病人才能得到適當(dāng)?shù)闹委煛！薄皁nly＋狀語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)，句子須用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。 【答案】　B 【xx福建卷】34．Not until he went through real hardship ________ the love we have for our families is important. A．had he realized B．did he realize C．he realized D．he had realized 【解析】　題干的意思是：“直到他經(jīng)歷了真正的困難，他才意識(shí)到我們對(duì)家人的愛的重要性?！庇深}干中句首的關(guān)鍵信息Not until可知此處要用部分倒裝，排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；而A項(xiàng)用了過去完成時(shí)，表示“realize表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句謂語(yǔ)went through表示的動(dòng)作之前”，這顯然不合邏輯，所以排除A項(xiàng)；而B項(xiàng)無(wú)論從語(yǔ)序還是從時(shí)態(tài)上講，都是非常正確的。 【答案】　B 【xx遼寧卷】26．At no time ________ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them. A．they actually broke B．do they actually break C．did they actually break D．they had actually broken 【解析】　句意為“實(shí)際上他們從來(lái)沒有違反比賽的規(guī)則。懲罰他們是不公平的”。at no time意為“決不；從不，任何時(shí)刻都不”，當(dāng)其位于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)該用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，故排除A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)；根據(jù)第二個(gè)句子的時(shí)態(tài)可知，此處應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)態(tài)，故排除B項(xiàng)。 【答案】　C 【xx江蘇卷】27．“Never for a second” the boy says，“________that my father would e to my rescue.” A．I doubted B．do I doubt C．I have doubted D．did I doubt 【解析】　句意：這個(gè)男孩說：“我從來(lái)沒有懷疑過我爸爸會(huì)來(lái)救我?！碑?dāng)否定副詞或具有否定含義的短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)，句子常用部分倒裝。本題中，Never for a second置于句首，所以句子要用部分倒裝。再根據(jù)would e to...可知，是在講過去發(fā)生的事情，故應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。故答案選D。 【答案】　D 【xx湖南卷】35．Not once________to Michael that he could one day bee a top student in his class. A．occurred it B．it did occur C．it occurred D．did it occur 【解析】　題干的意思是：“邁克爾成為班里的第一名這樣的情況一次也沒有發(fā)生過。”否定副詞not置于句首用于強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝，故答案為D。解答這類題目需要了解用于倒裝的各種前提，準(zhǔn)確理解句子含義。 【答案】　D 【xx江西卷】25．Only when he apologizes for his rudeness________to him again. A．I will speak B．will I speak C．do I speak D．I speak 【解析】　句意：只有他為他的粗魯?shù)狼笗r(shí)，我才會(huì)再跟他講話。only＋時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝。will表示愿意做某事。 【答案】　B 【xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II】10．It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to plete. A．when B．that C．which D．what 【解析】　題干的意思是：“直到他讀了文件之后，格羅斯先生才意識(shí)到他面前的任務(wù)非常難完成?！北揪錇閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)only after he had read the papers。根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)“It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋剩余部分”可知選B。此外，我們也可以將It is/was與空格去掉來(lái)驗(yàn)證此句是不是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 【答案】　B 【xx天津卷】11．It was not until near the end of the letter ________ she mentioned her own plan. A．that B．where C．why D．when 【解析】　本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他部分。句意為“直到快寫到信的結(jié)尾的時(shí)候，她才提到了自己的計(jì)劃”。句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)not until near the end of the letter。 【答案】　A 【xx重慶卷】27．It was with the help of the local guide________the mountain climber was rescued. A．who B．that C．when D．how 【解析】　句意：正是在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的幫助下那位爬山者獲救了。這是一個(gè)It is/was...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。判斷的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：把It is/was和that去掉，然后調(diào)整句子的順序看句子是否成立。如果成立，就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，反之則不是。而本題將It was和that去掉并調(diào)整順序后為“The mountain climber was rescued with the help of the local guide.”，句子完整無(wú)缺，因此是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，所以答案為B。 【答案】　B 【xx福建卷】23．The famous musician，as well as his students，______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the xx Taipei Flower Expo. A．were invited B．was invited C．have been invited D．has been invited 【解析】　題干的意思是：“這位著名的音樂家和他的學(xué)生被邀請(qǐng)為xx年臺(tái)北花卉展的開幕式表演?！薄氨谎?qǐng)”是一個(gè)發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作，而且不表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響，也不表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，所以不能選用完成時(shí)。根據(jù)主謂一致的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，A as well as B作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，遵循“就前原則”，也就是說謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和A保持一致。也可以理解為本句的主語(yǔ)是A而不是B，所以本題謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要和the famous musician保持一致，用was invited。 【答案】　B 【xx江蘇卷】21．Generally，students inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ essential to their development. A．is　　　　　　　　B．a(chǎn)re C．was D．were 【解析】　句意：一般說來(lái)，別人對(duì)其期望值高的學(xué)生，他們的內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)自身的發(fā)展是至關(guān)重要的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句的主語(yǔ)部分為students inner motivation with high expectations from others，中心詞inner motivation顯然為第三人稱單數(shù)。再根據(jù)generally(一般說來(lái))判斷該句話講的是通常情況，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。解答該類題目的關(guān)鍵在于找準(zhǔn)中心詞。 【答案】　A 【xx湖南卷】33．The university estimates that living expenses for international students________around $8,450 a year, which________a burden for some of them. A．a(chǎn)re; is B．a(chǎn)re; are C．is; are D．is; is 【解析】　題干的意思是：“這所大學(xué)估計(jì)，國(guó)際學(xué)生的生活費(fèi)用每年大約8 450美元，這對(duì)他們中的一些學(xué)生來(lái)說是一個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)?！钡谝粋€(gè)空的主語(yǔ)為living expenses“生活費(fèi)用”，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“which________a burden for some of them”是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which指代前面的“生活費(fèi)用高”這件事，故此處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 【答案】　A 【xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I】28．The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________. A．not to do B．not to C．not do D．do not 【解析】　本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to的保留、不定式符號(hào)to后面的省略以及不定式的否定形式。句意：那個(gè)司機(jī)想把他的小汽車停在路邊，但是警察讓他不要把車停在路邊。通過分析題干，再結(jié)合句意可知，動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to后面省略了“park his car near the roadside”，全句補(bǔ)充完整是“The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside.”。在此種用法中可以只在句中保留不定式符號(hào)to，從而把與前面重復(fù)的內(nèi)容省略；動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是直接在不定式符號(hào)to的前面加上否定副詞not/never，故答案選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】　B 【xx浙江卷】19．There are some health problems that，when ________ in time，can bee bigger ones later on. A．not treated B．not being treated C．not to be treated D．not having been treated 【解析】　題干的意思是：“有一些健康問題，如果沒得到及時(shí)的治療，在以后會(huì)變成更為嚴(yán)重的問題。”分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，從句主語(yǔ)problems與treat之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故A項(xiàng)正確，其完整的形式為when they are not treated in time。此句實(shí)際上是分隔式定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句that can bee bigger ones later on被when not treated in time分隔開來(lái)了。 【答案】　A 【xx湖南卷】30．Every day________a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized. A．read B．reading C．to read D．reads 【解析】　題干的意思是：“一則諺語(yǔ)每天大聲朗讀幾遍直到你記住?！贝颂幙疾槠硎咕涞挠梅?，故答案為A?？忌资躤very day的干擾，其實(shí)不管時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的位置如何，只要確定了關(guān)鍵動(dòng)詞和語(yǔ)氣就能判斷是不是祈使句。解答這類題目需要對(duì)常見句式熟記于心并準(zhǔn)確理解句子含義。 【答案】　A 【xx福建卷】32．Anyone，once ________ positive for H7N9 flu virus，will receive free medical treatment from our government. A．to be tested B．being tested C．tested D．to test 【解析】　題干的意思是：一旦H7N9禽流感病毒被檢測(cè)為陽(yáng)性，任何人都會(huì)受到我們政府的免費(fèi)醫(yī)治。由題干中的關(guān)鍵信息once可知此處為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。根據(jù)狀語(yǔ)從句中省略的條件：“當(dāng)主從句的主語(yǔ)一致，并且從句的謂語(yǔ)包括動(dòng)詞be時(shí)，可將從句的主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞be一起省略”，逆推可將該從句還原為“once anyone is tested positive for H7N9 flu virus”，并且時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，所以該題目自然是省略了“anyone is”。解答這類題目需要抓住句中的關(guān)鍵信息，準(zhǔn)確理解句子含義。 【答案】　C 【xx江西卷】34．If________to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once. A．a(chǎn)sked B．to ask C．a(chǎn)sking D．having asked 【解析】　句意：如果被要求為他人照看行李，請(qǐng)立即通知警察。主句為祈使句，省略了主語(yǔ)you，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，條件狀語(yǔ)從句中ask與you之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)。 【答案】　A 【xx江西卷】32．Never before seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. A．had she B．she had C．has she D．she has 【考點(diǎn)】考查倒裝。 【答案】C 【解析】句意：她從來(lái)都沒有看到過任何人打網(wǎng)球和Robert一樣好。never放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，從后面的can可以看出是描寫現(xiàn)在的情況，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，這里用完成時(shí)。 【xx全國(guó)新課程】34. You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you. A. so B. or C. and D. but 【考點(diǎn)】考查并列連詞。 【答案】B 【解析】此處or表示“否則”。句意：你必須躲開，否則卡車過不去。 【xx山東卷】31. — I don’t know about you, but I’m sick and tired of this weather. — _________. I can’t stand all this rain. A. I don’t care B. It’s hard to say C. So am I D. I hope not 【考點(diǎn)】考查倒裝句的用法。 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—我不了解你。我討厭這種天氣。—我也是。我無(wú)法忍受整天下雨。當(dāng)表示后者與前者具有相同特征的時(shí)候，后者用倒裝的形式；肯定用so，否定用nor或neither構(gòu)成。根據(jù)后面一句中的I can’t stand all this rain可知，此處與上一句中的I’m sick and tired of the weather表達(dá)同樣的感受，因此應(yīng)該用So am I，表示“我也是”。 【xx江蘇卷】25.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _______________? A. is there B. isnt there C. is he D. isnt he 【考點(diǎn)】考查反意疑問句。 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)前面there be句型里含有否定意義的詞little，所以反意疑問句用肯定形式，其主謂應(yīng)與陳述部分的主謂保持一致，故選A項(xiàng)。 【舉一反三】陳述部分如含有”never/hardly/scarcely/seldom/little/few/nobody/nothing…”等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí)，這部分應(yīng)視為否定形式，簡(jiǎn)短問句就用肯定形式。如： He was hardly twelve then，was he?他當(dāng)時(shí)幾乎不到十二歲，是嗎? 陳述部分含有帶”否定”前綴的詞，則這部分應(yīng)看做肯定形式，簡(jiǎn)短問句就用否定形式。如： she dislikes the way you work，doesn’t she?她不喜歡你的工作方式，對(duì)嗎? 【xx湖南】35. All the scientific evidence ____ that increasing use of chemicals in farming ____ damaging our health. A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查主謂一致。 【答案】D 【解析】第一空的主語(yǔ)evidence為不可數(shù)，所以排除A、C；第二空主語(yǔ)為increasing use也是不可數(shù)，所以選D。主謂一致 不可數(shù)名詞/動(dòng)名詞/含介詞短語(yǔ)的部分作主語(yǔ) [xx湖南]30. It was not until I came here ____ I realized this place was famous, for not only its beauty but also its weather. A. who B. that C. where D. before 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 【答案】B 【解析】把it was及空去掉，可轉(zhuǎn)換為一個(gè)完整的句子。且這是表示“直到……時(shí)才”的句型之一：it was not until … that …。復(fù)合句 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型that 【xx重慶卷】33. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor______ it a thought. A. does he even given B. he even gives C. will he even give D. he will even given 【考點(diǎn)】特殊句式—倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) 【答案】C 【解析】空白處前為否定詞“nor”位于句首，句子應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，而且根據(jù)語(yǔ)境空白處應(yīng)使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此，正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。 【xx重慶卷】32. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic______ Zheng sailed to East Africa. A. when B. that C. after D. since 【考點(diǎn)】特殊句式—強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 【答案】B 【解析】句子雖然比較長(zhǎng)，但是其主干為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，是對(duì)“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)調(diào)，由此可知，空白處應(yīng)該填寫“that”。因此，正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。 【xx遼寧卷】32. Not until he retired from teaching three years ago having a holiday abroad. A. he had considered B. had he considered C. he considered D. did he consider 【考點(diǎn)】特殊句式—倒裝。 【答案】D 【解析】Not until位于句首時(shí)句子要倒裝，consider having a holiday abroad這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在retire之后，所以用一般過去時(shí)。 【xx四川卷】4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another. A. while B. although C. so D. as 【答案】 A 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查并列連詞。 【解析】題干句意為：在學(xué)校，一些學(xué)生很活躍而一些卻很害羞，然而他們都可能彼此成為好朋友。根據(jù)句意選while，表示兩個(gè)分句中兩種情況的對(duì)比。 【xx四川卷】5. This is not my story, nor ______ the whole story. My story plays out differently. A. is there B. there is C. is it D. it is 【答案】 C 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查倒裝句。 【解析】nor位于句首引起部分倒裝，排除B、D；再根據(jù)句意“這并不是（關(guān)于）我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的結(jié)局不同。”選代詞it。故答案選C。 【xx陜西卷】12.The basketball coach, as well as his team , ______interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. A. were B. was C. is D. are 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。 【解析】主語(yǔ)中心詞是the basketball coach，是單數(shù)，根據(jù)shortly after the match可以推斷出題干時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，故選B。 【xx北京卷】31. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please. A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】考查祈使句。 【xx天津卷】6.Only after Mary read her position the second time_________ the spelling mistake.【A】 A. did she notice B. she noticed C. does she notice D. she has noticed 【2011全國(guó)卷I 22】Try____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open. A. if B. when C. sine D. as 【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查倒裝。 【解析】as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)將狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)甚至謂語(yǔ)提前構(gòu)成形式上的倒裝。題目前半句說，她試過；后半句說Sue不能打開門，明顯前后兩句意思相反。As表示雖然，盡管。 【2011全國(guó)卷I 28】Only when he reached the tea-house ______it was the same place he’d been in last year. A. he realized B. he did realize C. realized he D. did he realize 【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查倒裝句。 【解析】Only引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首，應(yīng)把主句中動(dòng)詞的助動(dòng)詞提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。 【2011福建卷29】—It’s nice. Never before____ such a special drink! —I’m glad you like it. A.I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I 【答案】C 【考點(diǎn)】考查時(shí)態(tài)及倒裝。 【解析】never是否定副詞，置于句首，句子要部分倒裝；由語(yǔ)意可知說話人以前從未喝過這樣特別的飲料，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選C項(xiàng)。 【2011湖南卷32】Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours _______a decision A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. do they reach 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查only前置的倒裝句。 【解析】Only引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句前置，主句主謂要部分倒裝。又因?yàn)閺那拔闹械?had discussed"判斷出是過去時(shí)間，故選B；句意：只有在他們討論這個(gè)問題好幾個(gè)小時(shí)之后他們才作出決定。 【2011四川卷15】Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down? A. where B. that C. which D. what 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 【解析】此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)on a lonely island，是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句句型：Was it + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that +句子？句意：“他是不是在小船沉沒一個(gè)月后在一個(gè)孤島上被營(yíng)救的？” 【2011陜西卷23】It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do______benefits our work most. A. who B. which C. that D. what 【答案】C 【考點(diǎn)】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 【解析】強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that連接句子的其他部分。答案選擇C。 【2011重慶卷28】I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, ______ ? A. could he B. didn’t I C. didn’t you D. could they 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查反意疑問句。 【解析】句意：我告訴他們并非每個(gè)人都可以跑得和你一樣快，不是嗎？反意疑問句的基本原則就是與主句主謂保持一致。陳述部分為肯定，故附加部分為否定，本句含有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句且主句為“I told them……”，所以選擇B。 【2011重慶卷32】—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? — Of course, I have. It was in our village _______ it was made. A.that B.where C.when D.which 【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 【解析】問話人詢問對(duì)方是否看過《山楂樹之戀》這部電影，答話人回答說當(dāng)然看過，這部電影是在自己的村莊拍攝的。本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)in our village。強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)in our village。 【2011湖南卷35】It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently A .which B. that C. how D. when 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 【解析】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)。故選B。句子意思：決定我們生活的東西不是我們偶爾所做的事情而是那些我們自始至終所做的事情。 【2011全國(guó)卷II13】Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and . A. neither won’t Tom B. Tom won’t either C. Tom will too D. so will Tom 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查特殊句式。 【解析】句意：簡(jiǎn)不會(huì)來(lái)參加我們今晚的宴會(huì)，湯姆也不會(huì)來(lái)。此處是否定句，故使用either，而too一般用于肯定句中。此處也可以用so倒裝的否定式，即neither/nor will Tom．注意A項(xiàng)中neither表否定意義，所以不能用won’t。 【2011江蘇卷33】It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine._______ , we’d better take it to the garage immediately. A. Otherwise B. If not C. But for that D. If so 【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)】考查省略和替代。 【解析】句意：聽起來(lái)車的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)好像有問題，如果那樣的話，我們最好立刻把它弄到汽修廠去。前后兩句話之間是順承關(guān)系。Otherwise否則，要不然；if not要不，不然；but for that若不是因?yàn)槟羌拢籭f so若是這樣。 【2011遼寧卷33】_____ a strange plant! Ive never seen it before. A. Which B. What C. How D. Whether 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查感嘆句。 【解析】句意：多么奇怪的植物??！我以前從沒見過。此處為“What+a/an+adj.+n．+it is/was”的省略結(jié)構(gòu)，故B項(xiàng)正確。 【2011上海卷 30】It doesn’t matter if they want to e to your party, _______? A. doesn’t it B. does it C. don’t they D. do they 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查反意疑問句。 【解析】反意疑問句的基本原則就是與主句主謂保持一致。陳述部分為否定，故附加部分為肯定，句意：他們是否來(lái)參加你的派對(duì)，沒有關(guān)系，是嗎？