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2019-2020年高考英語典型試題精粹 專題八 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 　　高考精萃 1．(xx全國(guó)大綱卷)Although you ________ find bargains in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop. 2．(xx北京卷)________ I have a word with you? It wont take long. 3．(xx重慶卷)Ive ordered some pizza, so we ________ worry about cooking when we get home tired. 4．(xx江蘇卷)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food. 5．(xx湖南卷)—Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic. —Do you mean we ________ bring anything with us? 6．(xx四川卷)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends. 7．(xx江西卷)Life is unpredictable; even the poorest ________ bee the richest. 8．(xx遼寧卷)Harry is feeling unfortable. He ________(drink) too much at the party last night. 9．(xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed. 10．(xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Since nobody gave him any help, he ________ have done the research on his own. 11．(xx北京卷)—You neednt take an umbrella. It isnt going to rain. —Well, I dont know. It ________ do. 12．(xx天津卷)No one ________ be more generous, he has a heart of gold. 13．(xx浙江卷)I ________(enjoy) myself more—It was a perfect day. 14．(xx四川卷)—Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night. —Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report. 15．(xx重慶卷)—What are you doing this Saturday? —Im not sure, but I ________ go to the Rolling Stones concert. 16．(xx陜西卷)The children ________(get) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled. 17．(xx湖南卷)He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it. 18．(xx遼寧卷)One of our rules is that every student ________ wear school uniform while at school. 19．(xx全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)I ________ use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train es by my house. 20．(xx全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ________ find the money. 21．(xx天津卷)Its quite warm here; we ________ turn the heating on yet. 22．(xx重慶卷)—________ you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone? —Sorry, sir, but its urgent. 23．(xx江蘇卷)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ________ say where he was. 24．(xx陜西卷)I ________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. 25．(xx江西卷)We ________ have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner. 26．(2011遼寧卷)If you ________ go, at least wait until the storm is over. 27．(2011全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)They ________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. 28．(2011全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)If you ________ smoke, please go outside. 29．(2011北京卷)—I dont really like James. Why did you invite him? —Dont worry. He ________ not e. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were. 30．(2011上海卷)I __________ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it es. 答案與解析 1．can　句意：雖然你在倫敦可能會(huì)買到減價(jià)品，但通常那兒不是一個(gè)能買到便宜貨的地方。can 在此處表示“可能性”。 2．Can/May　句意：我能和你說句話嗎？不會(huì)花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的。can/may 可以，表請(qǐng)求允許。 3．neednt　句意：我已經(jīng)預(yù)訂了一些比薩餅，所以當(dāng)我們到家感到累的時(shí)候就不必?fù)?dān)心做飯的事了。根據(jù)句意可知答案為neednt。 4．should　句意：讓我難過的是，他們自己那么貧窮，竟然還給我?guī)硎澄?。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should可以表示說話人驚訝的語氣，意為“竟然”。 5．neednt　句意：——我已經(jīng)為野餐準(zhǔn)備好了各種食物?！愕囊馑际钦f我們不必再帶任何東西了嗎？根據(jù)上下文可知設(shè)空處表示“不必”。 6．would　句意：我仍然記得我快樂的童年，那時(shí)候我媽媽常常在周末帶我去迪斯尼樂園。would 過去常常。 7．may/might　句意：生活是不可預(yù)測(cè)的，即使是最貧窮的人也可能成為最富有的人。根據(jù)句意可知本空表示推測(cè)。may/might 可能。 8．must/shouldnt have drunk　句意：Harry 感到不舒服。他一定是/本不應(yīng)該在昨晚的聚會(huì)上喝(了)太多的酒。must have done 表示過去一定做了某事；shouldnt have done 表示過去本不該做某事而做了，以表達(dá)責(zé)備之意。 9．wouldnt　句意：不管她怎么用力推，門就是打不開?！皐ont/wouldnt open”可表示門很難打開。此處open 主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。本句題干中有“pushed”，故設(shè)空處填wouldnt。 10．must　句意：既然沒有人幫助他，他一定是獨(dú)自完成了這項(xiàng)研究。根據(jù)題干中“Since nobody gave him any help”可判斷設(shè)空處表示肯定的推測(cè)。 11．may/might　句意：——你不需要帶傘，不會(huì)下雨。——哦，我不知道。也許會(huì)下呢。may/might 表示不太確定。 12．could/can　句意：沒有人能比他更慷慨了，他擁有一顆金子般的心。cant/couldnt...more 表示最高級(jí)的意思。no one 本身就表示否定，故用can/could 的肯定形式。 13．couldnt/cant have enjoyed　句意：我玩得再開心不過了——這是完美的一天。“cant/couldnt...more”表示最高級(jí)的意思；根據(jù)題干中的was 可知設(shè)空處表示“過去再開心不過”，故答案為couldnt/cant have enjoyed。 14．cant/couldnt　句意：——你的眼睛為什么那么紅？昨晚你肯定沒睡好?！堑模野疽箤憟?bào)告了?！癱ant/couldnt have＋過去分詞”表示過去不可能做了某事。 15．may/might　句意：——你這個(gè)周六要干什么？——我不太確定。我可能去滾石樂隊(duì)的音樂會(huì)。由“Im not sure”可以判斷設(shè)空處應(yīng)填表示可能性不是很大的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may/might。 16．must have got　句意：孩子們一定是在樹林里迷路了，否則他們就會(huì)按照預(yù)定時(shí)間來到湖邊營(yíng)地了。根據(jù)“would have been”可知是對(duì)過去事情的虛擬，must have done表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定推測(cè)。 17．couldnt　句意：當(dāng)他像這樣思索一個(gè)主意的時(shí)候，盡管他很想睡，但是就是睡不著，直到把主意想出來。could 表能力，意為“能夠，可以”，couldnt 是其否定形式。 18．shall　句意：我們其中的一項(xiàng)規(guī)定就是，學(xué)生在校期間應(yīng)該穿校服。shall 用于第三人稱的陳述句中用來介紹條約、法令等文件中的規(guī)定。 19．neednt　句意：我不需要用鬧鐘來叫醒我，因?yàn)槊刻煸绯苛c(diǎn)鐘，那趟火車就會(huì)從我家附近經(jīng)過。neednt 不需要，沒必要。 20．can　句意：如果我能找到足夠的錢，我將和約翰一起去歐洲度假。考查can表示“能力”。 21．neednt　句意：這兒相當(dāng)暖和，我們還沒必要開暖氣。neednt 沒有必要。 22．Must　句意：——你非要現(xiàn)在插嘴嗎？難道你沒看見我在打電話嗎？——很抱歉，先生，但是這個(gè)事情太緊急了。must 表示“非要，偏偏”，多指令人不快的事。 23．wouldnt　句意：幾天后，我哥哥打來電話說他一切都好，但是他就不愿說出他在什么地方。wouldnt 不愿意。 24．cant　句意：我再怎么感謝你都不為過，因?yàn)槲覀儾辉诩业臅r(shí)候你幫助了我的兒子。cant...too much 表示“再……也不為過”。 25．neednt　句意：既然蘇西不和我們一起吃晚飯，我們本沒必要買如此多的食物。neednt＋have done表示本沒必要做某事，而實(shí)際上做了。 26．must　句意：如果你偏要走，至少要等到暴風(fēng)雨停了。must 表示“非要，偏偏”，多指令人不快的事。 27．should　句意：他們本應(yīng)該在午餐時(shí)間到達(dá)，可是他們的飛機(jī)誤點(diǎn)了。should have done 表示過去本應(yīng)該做某事而未做。 28．must　句意：如果你非要抽煙，請(qǐng)到外面去。must 用于條件句，表示“非要，偏要”。 29．may/might　句意：——我真的不怎么喜歡詹姆斯。你為什么邀請(qǐng)他？——?jiǎng)e擔(dān)心，他或許不會(huì)來。他說他還不能確定他的計(jì)劃是什么。根據(jù)題干中的wasnt certain 可知設(shè)空處表示不確定。 30．neednt　句意：我不必?fù)?dān)心周末的事情——我總是在周末之前就做好了計(jì)劃。neednt 沒有必要。 　　模擬精選 1．(xx遼寧沈陽一模)We cant imagine that two children ________ be killed by the washing machine of their house. 2．(xx遼寧葫蘆島調(diào)研)If you ________ be late for the party, give me a call. 3．(xx東北四校協(xié)作體聯(lián)考)You ________ get the machine repaired this week. I wont need it until next month. 4．(xx吉林延邊質(zhì)檢)—These grapes look really beautiful. —They ________！ See the price $3.99 a pound. Very expensive, arent they? 5．(xx安徽江南十校聯(lián)考)—The deadline is drawing, but I failed to challenge the task a third time. —________ my brother have a try? 6．(xx河北衡水中學(xué)調(diào)研)Liza ________ well not want to go on the trip—she hates traveling. 7．(xx四川資陽一次診斷)—Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere. —Well, he ________ have gone far—his coats still here. 8．(xx云南昆明一次摸底)—Will the book I ordered arrive on time? —It ________， if there is no traffic jam. 9．(xx湖南汝城一中、長(zhǎng)沙實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)You ________ have bought the book for me, but thank you all the same. 10．(xx河南開封二模)—Have you heard of the news that Britains former Prime Minister, Baroness Thatcher, died on Apirl 18? —Yes. ________ she rest in peace. 11．(xx北京西城一模)—Bill, be careful! —Dont worry. I ________ break it. 12．(xx北京石景山一模)On Sundays when I was a child, father and I ________ get up early and go fishing. 13．(xx河北教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))John ________(not arrive) yet, or he would have telephoned me. 14．(xx遼寧沈陽一模)Credit cards provide us with lots of convenience, but sometimes they ________ lead to problems. 15．(xx遼寧大連雙基測(cè)試)—Thank you for inviting us. Tell your wife that she gave us a perfect party. —I ________. See you later. 16．(xx東北三校一模)________ we go to the McDonalds? Im sick of the food there. 17．(xx吉林4月質(zhì)檢)Time ________ heal a broken heart. After five years, Steve seems to have got over the sorrow of losing his son. 18．(xx遼寧沈陽一模)In my memory, whenever we chose a day for a picnic, it ________ always rain on that day. 19．(xx遼寧大連雙基測(cè)試)You ________ make mistakes, but that is the way you learn how things work and how to mend them. 20．(xx江蘇泰興黃橋中學(xué)二次月考)—You didnt wait for Elizabeth last night, did you? —Yes, but we ________. She didnt e at all. 答案與解析 1．should　句意：我們無法想象兩個(gè)孩子竟然被家里的洗衣機(jī)絞死了。should 表示“竟然”。 2．should　should 用于條件狀語從句中，意為“萬一”。 3．neednt　句意：這周你不必請(qǐng)人修這臺(tái)機(jī)器。到下個(gè)月我才用呢。根據(jù)題干中“I wont need it until next month.”可推知設(shè)空處表示“不必”。 4．should　句意：——這些葡萄看起來很漂亮?！鼈儜?yīng)該這樣！看價(jià)錢，3.99美元一磅，太貴了，是不是？根據(jù)句意可以猜出葡萄看起來好是應(yīng)該的，因?yàn)閮r(jià)格貴。 5．Shall　句意：——截止日期臨近，但是我又一次挑戰(zhàn)這項(xiàng)任務(wù)失敗。——讓我弟弟試一下可以嗎？shall 用于第三人稱疑問句表示征求對(duì)方的意見。 6．may/might　句意：莉莎很可能不想去旅游——她討厭旅游。根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的well 可知本空填may 或might。may/might well do sth.＝be very likely to do sth. 意為：很可能做某事。 7．cant/couldnt　句意：——你知道戴維在哪兒?jiǎn)?？我到處找他都找不到?！?，他不可能走遠(yuǎn)，因?yàn)樗拇笠逻€在這里。cant/couldnt have done sth. 不可能做過某事。 8．should　句意：——我訂購的那本書會(huì)按時(shí)到貨嗎？——如果交通不堵塞的話，應(yīng)該會(huì)。根據(jù)“if there is no traffic jam”可推知設(shè)空處表示“應(yīng)該”。 9．neednt　句意：你本來沒必要為我買這本書的，不過還是要謝謝你。根據(jù)but thank you all the same 可知此處表達(dá)“本沒必要買但是買了”。 10．May　句意：——你聽說英國(guó)前首相撒切爾夫人在4月18日逝世的消息了嗎？——聽說了。愿她安息。may 但愿，表示祝愿。又如：May you both be happy! 祝你們倆幸福！ 11．wont　句意：——比爾，小心點(diǎn)！——?jiǎng)e擔(dān)心，我不會(huì)把它弄壞的。wont do 不會(huì)或不愿做某事。 12．would　句意：我還是孩子的時(shí)候，每逢周日爸爸和我就會(huì)早起去釣魚。would 表示過去的一種習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。 13．cant/couldnt have arrived　句意：約翰不可能已經(jīng)到了，否則他就給我打電話了。cant/couldnt have done 表示：過去不可能做了某事。 14．can　句意：信用卡給我們提供了很多方便，但有時(shí)也會(huì)帶來一些問題。can 用來表示客觀的可能性。 15．will　句意：——謝謝邀請(qǐng)我們。告訴你的妻子她給了我們一個(gè)完美的晚會(huì)。——我會(huì)的。再見。will 表示一種意愿。 16．Must　句意：我們非得去麥當(dāng)勞嗎？那里的食物我吃膩了。根據(jù)題干中“Im sick of the food there.”可知說話者不愿意去麥當(dāng)勞。must 非得，偏要。 17．can　句意：時(shí)間能夠療傷，五年之后，史蒂夫似乎已從喪子的悲痛中恢復(fù)過來。can 表示“能力，能夠”。 18．would　句意：在我的記憶中，無論我們選擇哪一天去野餐，那一天總會(huì)下雨。would 表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情，意為“總是，總會(huì)”。 19．may　句意：你可能會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，但那是你了解事情是如何運(yùn)作和應(yīng)該如何補(bǔ)救的方法。根據(jù)句意填may, may 表示可能性。 20．neednt have　句意：——你們昨天夜里沒等伊麗莎白，是嗎？——不，我們等了，但我們沒必要等。她根本就沒來。根據(jù)句意可知設(shè)空處表示過去沒必要等卻等了，故填neednt have。 　　創(chuàng)新預(yù)測(cè) 1．Amazing! You ________ e to school wearing a necklace. Dont you know it is forbidden? 2．—The work is challenging and demanding. Who do you think is equal to it? —________ Andy have a try? 3．—Why hasnt the cook arrived yet today? —She just ________e for such a low salary. 4．—Isnt that lady your English teacher? —No, it ________ be her, for she is still in Shanghai, attending a meeting. 5．I tried several times, but still couldnt get through; someone ________ have been using the telephone. 6．Its too late. Li Ping ________ not e, but lets wait for her for another 10 minutes. 7．The language barrier ________ be a problem if youre going to Europe, but my trip to Italy and Greece has proved that as long as youre an English speaker, you can go anywhere you want. 8．—I paid him 800 yuan for the Tshirt. —Oh, you were charged too much. You ________ have bought two with that money. 9．—Are you satisfied with our service? —Of course. We ________ get a better one. 10．Mr. Smith gave me a lot of help during my study in Britain. I ________ thank him enough. 11．Now that the weather is rainy, you ________ as well stay at home, playing chess. 12．Tom ________ well fall ill, for he hasnt turned up yet. 13．I cant find my pencil. Where ________ I put it? 14．The trip was very pleasant. It ________ be any better. 15．Why ________ you interrupt me? Im busy with my essay. 16．If he ________ miss the train, we will get Bill to take his place. 17．—Is he ing by taxi? —Im not sure. He ________ drive his car. 18．—The old couple each ________ get a very nice present from our manager on their birthdays. —Great! It must be a big surprise to them. 19．—Hello, may I speak to Mr. Hu? —Im afraid he is not in now. ________ I take a message. 20．—Mr. Smith, how does my son behave at school? —Pretty good, though he ________ be absentminded occasionally. 答案與解析 1．should　此處should 表示驚訝，意思是“竟然”。 2．Shall　shall 在一般疑問句中和第三人稱連用時(shí)表示征求對(duì)方意見，此處答語意為“讓Andy試試好嗎？”。 3．wont　此句中wont 表示“不愿意”。這么低的薪水她不愿來了。 4．cant　cant 不可能(表示推測(cè))。根據(jù)語境，此空指那個(gè)女士不可能是她(我們的英語老師)。 5．must　由句意可知，我過去打了好幾次電話，但(過去)無法打通，說明在我打電話時(shí)，一定有人一直在使用該電話，must have been doing sth. 表示對(duì)過去正在進(jìn)行的情況的肯定推測(cè)。 6．may　may not 可能不，也許不。句意：時(shí)間太晚了。李萍可能不來了，但讓我們?cè)俚人昼娍纯窗伞? 7．might　根據(jù)語境可知“如果你去歐洲旅行，語言障礙可能是個(gè)問題”，故用might “可能”。 8．could　根據(jù)paid 可知“我”已買了這個(gè)T恤衫了，故回答方指出“用800元你本來可以買兩件的”，could have done 表示過去本來可以做某事，但沒做。 9．couldnt　根據(jù)of course 可知“我們對(duì)服務(wù)很滿意”，故說“我們不可能得到比這更好的服務(wù)了(We couldnt get a better one.)”。couldnt 表示的是一種虛擬語氣。 10．cant　I cant thank him enough. 意思是“我對(duì)他感激不盡”，相當(dāng)于“I cant thank him too much.”是固定句型。 11．may/might　may/might as well do sth. 最好做某事。 12．may/might　may/might well do 很可能做。 13．can　can 用于疑問句中表推測(cè)，意為“可能”。 14．couldnt　couldnt 與形容詞的比較級(jí)連用，表示最高級(jí)含義。 15．must　must 表示不耐煩的語氣，意為“偏要”。 16．should　should 用于虛擬條件句中，意為“萬一”。 17．might　根據(jù) Im not sure 可知用 might。 18．shall　shall 與第三人稱連用，表許諾。 19．Shall　shall 在第一人稱前，表請(qǐng)求。 20．can　can 表示推測(cè)，意為“可能會(huì)”。