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Unit 1 Living well 一、閱讀理解 Dear Xiaoxue， We are looking forward to meeting you in a few weeks！Training for all students is pulsory and starts on Monday,6 February—all the details including what to expect are below. Training Monday,6 February to Friday,24 February 9：00 a．m.—3：00 p．m. Building 41，Room 104 Key points to highlight： On Monday,6 February，you will be given a workbook and timetable for the next 3 weeks. On Tuesday,7 February，you will be in the Nursing Clinical Laboratory and will need to wear the correct footwear.Please click_here to see what is appropriate footwear.You also need to be bare below the elbow(肘)just as you would if working in a clinical setting with fortable clothes—a short sleeve top is remended. There is no face to face learning on 8,17,23 or 24 February.These days are set aside for selfdirected learning activities in your workbook. It is pulsory that you attend all sessions and pass the OSCE(clinical examination in week 3)in order to plete the curriculum. You can bring food or purchase it from one of the many shops on campus.There are several microwaves and student facilities located on campus. Department of Science，Medicine & Health Training Thursday,23 February 9：30 a．m.—12：00 p．m. Building 67，McKinnon Foyer This training is for all students studying in the Department of Science，Medicine & Health.It is an opportunity to meet other students studying Nursing as well as staff and each student will receive a wele pack and there will be activities and lots of fun! Were here to help！If you have any questions please contact the Program Coordinator Ms JoAnne Gray on (02)4221 5124 or jgray@uow.edu.au. Were looking forward to meeting you on 6 February! Kind regards， Faculty of Science，Medicine & Health University of Wollongong 1．When will students study by themselves? A．On 6 February. B．On 7 February. C．On 8 February. D．On 18 February. 2．What are students supposed to do in the Nursing Clinical Laboratory? A．Put on hats. B．Wear suitable shoes. C．Wear long shirts. D．Roll up sleeves. 3．Which of the following is TRUE of the key points? A．You should bring food to school. B．You had better attend all sessions. C．You will get your notebook in 3 weeks. D．You must pass the OSCE exam to finish the course. 4．What can we know about the training of 23 February? A．You must take part in many activities. B．You can be trained how to be a good nurse. C．You may have a chance to meet some teachers. D．You may receive a wele pack from other students. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一封信，是關(guān)于一所大學(xué)寫(xiě)給一名即將要入學(xué)的學(xué)生的一封信，在信中主要介紹了訓(xùn)練課程的要求、安排和重點(diǎn)事項(xiàng)等情況。 長(zhǎng)難句分析：Training for all students is pulsory and starts on Monday,6 February—all the details including what to expect are below.(第一段第二句) 譯文：所有學(xué)生都必須參加從二月六日星期一開(kāi)始的這些訓(xùn)練——你想知道的所有細(xì)節(jié)如下。 詞匯積累：pulsory adj.強(qiáng)制的，義務(wù)的 highlight v．強(qiáng)調(diào)　appropriate adj.合適的　staff n．員工 1．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Key points to highlight：”部分第三段“There is no face to face learning on 8,17,23 or 24 February.These days are set aside for selfdirected learning activities in your workbook.”可知，在2月8日、17日、23日和24日，這所大學(xué)沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一安排學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)，在這幾天學(xué)生可以自習(xí)。故選C。 2．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。On Tuesday, 7 February, you will be in the Nursing Clinical Laboratory and will need to wear the correct footwear.(Key points to highlight：部分第二段第一句) 譯文：在2月7日星期二那天，你將到臨床護(hù)理實(shí)驗(yàn)室并需要穿合適的鞋。 解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，學(xué)生們?nèi)ヅR床護(hù)理實(shí)驗(yàn)室時(shí)需要穿上合適的鞋。故選B。 3．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。It is pulsory that you attend all sessions and pass the OSCE(clinical examination in week 3)in order to plete the curriculum.(Key points to highlight：部分第四段) 譯文：要完成這門(mén)課程，你必須參加所有的訓(xùn)練課并通過(guò)客觀結(jié)構(gòu)化臨床考試(在第三周進(jìn)行的臨床考試)。 解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，學(xué)生要完成這門(mén)課程，必須通過(guò)客觀結(jié)構(gòu)化臨床考試。故選D。 4．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Department of Science, Medicine & Health Training部分中的“Thursday, 23 February”和“It is an opportunity to meet other students studying Nursing as well as staff...”可知，在2月23日那天的訓(xùn)練中，學(xué)生們有機(jī)會(huì)見(jiàn)到這所大學(xué)的一些老師。故選C。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．She adapted herself quickly ________ the climate there. 答案：to　adapt ... to ... “使……適應(yīng)……”。 2．After the meeting, the manager asked him to explain his ________ (absent)． 答案：absence 　absence “缺席；不在”；absent “不在的；缺席的”。由空前的his可知應(yīng)填名詞absence。 3．Is there any sound more ________ (annoy) than the whine of a mosquito? 答案：annoying　annoying “惱人的；煩人的；使人不高興的”，常用來(lái)描述事物的特性；annoyed “感到惱火的；覺(jué)得生氣的”，常描述人的心理狀態(tài)。此處指聲音的特點(diǎn)“令人心煩”可知應(yīng)填annoying。 4．Id like to congratulate you ________ your wonderful performance. 答案：on　congratulate sb. on sth. “就……向某人表示祝賀”。 5．The survey ________ (conduct) by the pany shows there is a large increase in customer satisfaction this year. 答案：conducted　conduct與主語(yǔ)survey 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)填過(guò)去分詞conducted充當(dāng)其后置定語(yǔ)。 6．All the rooms in this building are so well designed that they are ________ (access) to the disabled. 答案：accessible 　be accessible to “……可接近/可靠近/可使用的”。 7．The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if ________ (adapt) for television, would be a hit. 答案：adapted　adapt “適應(yīng)；改編”。所給動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)story之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填過(guò)去分詞。 8．My grandfather often goes to the countryside, because he thinks a stay there will be ________ (benefit) to his health. 答案：beneficial 　be beneficial to ... “對(duì)……有益”。 9．Without his ________ (encourage) to me, I would have been defeated in the game. 答案：encouragement　此處用名詞encouragement “鼓勵(lì)”作介詞without的賓語(yǔ)。 10．________ (ambitious) plays an important role in our daily life, because it is a guide for us to make decisions and choices. 答案：Ambition　句中缺主語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)填名詞ambition充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。且作“雄心，野心”講時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞。 三、完形填空。 (2018河北衡水中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期模擬考試) It impressed me a lot.I never thought that little help will __1__ out to be the most satisfying thing I have ever done.He was tired，and __2__ to climb further.With a broad __3__，he asked if I could help him with some money.He was paralyzed(癱瘓) in both legs and was __4__ funds for some operation.He said that if operated successfully，he could __5__ a training guaranteeing him a job.I was full of __6__ and even asked him to show his legs.I gave him the __7__ money.After a few days，he again came at my doorstep asking for more money for acmodation.This time I was more or less __8__ he was not cheating me.I gave him some and said，“This is all I have.” A year went by and I had moved to a(n) __9__ place.One fine day I got a call from an unknown number.Caller called out his name but I didnt __10__ him.Then he said he was the very paralyzed person I helped a year ago. I asked him how he was doing.He said，“What sir, you recognize me not by my name but by my __11__ state.” “With your kind help I am now able to __12__ on my legs without support.I was operated __13__.I am married to a beautiful lady and have a stable __14__.” I dont __15__ remember if I gave him my phone number.__16__，what he said next was touching.He said he wanted to return my money so that I didnt feel cheated and would continue to help people __17__ in the future.I dont know whether he read my facial expression the day I helped him but tears were __18__ down my face.That day I promised him I would continue to help people as I saw a(n) __19__—small or big.__20__ a lifechanged event of my life. 1．A.send B．break C．bring D．turn 2．A.struggling B．substituting C．playing D．walking 3．A.look B．smile C．view D．whisper 4．A.finding B．raising C．seeking D．earning 5．A.pretend B．intend C．a(chǎn)ttend D．tend 6．A.interests B．minds C．worries D．doubts 7．A.remaining B．left C．hiding D．forgotten 8．A.informed B．prepared C．convinced D．outspoken 9．A.new B．old C．systematic D．bad 10．A.remind B．recognize C．replace D．repeat 11．A.excited B．messed C．disabled D．stressed 12．A.live B．base C．focus D．stand 13．A.successfully B．surprisingly C．hopefully D．naturally 14．A.reason B．promise C．character D．job 15．A.also B．even C．a(chǎn)lready D．only 16．A.Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Meanwhile 17．A.in need B．in place C．in favor D．in advance 18．A.bringing B．putting C．running D．pulling 19．A.behavior B．case C．a(chǎn)ccident D．opportunity 20．A.Strangely B．Truly C．Generally D．Originally 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者一次無(wú)意間的幫助改變了一位癱瘓者的一生。這件事也改變了作者的人生，讓他決定繼續(xù)幫助那些有困難的人。 1．D　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。此處指作者從未想過(guò)一個(gè)小小的幫助最后竟成為他曾做過(guò)的最令自己滿意的一件事。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都能與out組成固定短語(yǔ)。turn out意為“結(jié)果是，最后成為”，符合語(yǔ)境。send out意為“發(fā)出”；break out意為“爆發(fā)”；bring out意為“生產(chǎn)，出版”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。 2．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“paralyzed (癱瘓)”可知，他癱瘓了，所以此處應(yīng)指他努力往前爬。A項(xiàng)意為“努力，掙扎”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“替換”；C項(xiàng)意為“玩”；D項(xiàng)意為“走”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。 3．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)前面的“broad”可知，此處應(yīng)指他咧嘴微笑著。B項(xiàng)意為“微笑”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“表情”；C項(xiàng)意為“觀點(diǎn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“耳語(yǔ)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。 4．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上句中的“help him with some money”可知，此處應(yīng)指他在籌集手術(shù)資金。B項(xiàng)意為“籌集”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“找到”；C項(xiàng)意為“尋找”；D項(xiàng)意為“掙得”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。 5．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)指如果手術(shù)成功了，他就能參加能讓他得到一份工作的培訓(xùn)。C項(xiàng)意為“參加”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“假裝”；B項(xiàng)意為“打算”；D項(xiàng)意為“往往會(huì)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。 6．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“even asked him to show his legs”可知，作者要求看看他的腿，所以對(duì)他所說(shuō)的話應(yīng)該是充滿了懷疑。D項(xiàng)意為“懷疑”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“興趣”；B項(xiàng)意為“思想”；C項(xiàng)意為“擔(dān)心”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。 7．A　考查形容詞辨析。此處指作者把手上剩余的錢(qián)都給了他。A項(xiàng)意為“剩余的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“剩下的”，不作前置定語(yǔ)；C項(xiàng)意為“隱藏的”；D項(xiàng)意為“被遺忘的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。 8．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“he was not cheating me”和下句中的“gave him some”可知，作者給了他一些錢(qián)，有幾分確信他并沒(méi)有騙自己。C項(xiàng)意為“確信的，信服的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的”；B項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)備好的”；D項(xiàng)意為“坦率的，直言不諱的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。 9．A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文的“moved to”及下文作者接到一個(gè)陌生電話可知，作者搬到了一個(gè)新地方。A項(xiàng)意為“新的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“舊的”；C項(xiàng)意為“系統(tǒng)化的”；D項(xiàng)意為“壞的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。 10．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“but”及下文中的“you recognize me not by my name”可知，打電話的人報(bào)出了自己的名字，但作者并沒(méi)有認(rèn)出他來(lái)。B項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)出”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“提醒”；C項(xiàng)意為“代替”；D項(xiàng)意為“重復(fù)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。 11．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“Then he said he was the very paralyzed person”可知，作者不是通過(guò)他的名字而是通過(guò)他癱瘓的情況認(rèn)出了他。C項(xiàng)意為“殘疾的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“興奮的”；B項(xiàng)意為“混亂的”；D項(xiàng)意為“有壓力的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。 12．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“without support”可知，此處指他不需要支架就可以自己站起來(lái)。D項(xiàng)意為“站立，站起來(lái)”，符合語(yǔ)境。live意為“居住”；base意為“基于”；focus意為“關(guān)注”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。 13．A　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上一句可知，他現(xiàn)在能夠站起來(lái)，所以手術(shù)成功了。A項(xiàng)意為“成功地”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“令人驚奇地”；C項(xiàng)意為“有希望地”；D項(xiàng)意為“自然地”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。 14．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)及上文中提到的“guaranteeing him a job”可推斷出，他結(jié)婚了，還有了一份穩(wěn)定的工作。D項(xiàng)意為“工作”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“理由”；B項(xiàng)意為“允諾”；C項(xiàng)意為“性格”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。 15．B　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及上文中的“A year went by”可知，此處指作者甚至不記得是否給過(guò)他電話號(hào)碼。B項(xiàng)意為“甚至”，符合語(yǔ)境。故答案選B。 16．C　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者甚至不記得是否給過(guò)他電話號(hào)碼，但是他接下來(lái)說(shuō)的話卻令人感動(dòng)。C項(xiàng)意為“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“因此”；B項(xiàng)意為“否則”；D項(xiàng)意為“與此同時(shí)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。 17．A　考查短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這位曾經(jīng)癱瘓的人想將錢(qián)還給作者，這樣作者就不會(huì)感覺(jué)到自己被騙從而以后可以放心去幫助那些有困難的人。A項(xiàng)意為“在危難中的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩?；C項(xiàng)不是短語(yǔ)；D項(xiàng)意為“提前”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。 18．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處是指眼淚流過(guò)作者的臉龐。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都能與down組成短語(yǔ)。run down意為“往下流”，符合語(yǔ)境。bring down意為“降低，打倒”；put down意為“鎮(zhèn)壓，記下”；pull down意為“拉下來(lái)，摧毀”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。 19．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及本句中的“small or big”可知，此處表示只要有機(jī)會(huì)，無(wú)論大小，作者都會(huì)繼續(xù)幫助他人。D項(xiàng)意為“機(jī)會(huì)”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“行為”； B項(xiàng)意為“事例”；C項(xiàng)意為“事故”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。 20．B　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及第一段第一句可知，此處與第一句相呼應(yīng)，指的是這的確是改變了作者一生的事情。B項(xiàng)意為“確實(shí)，的確”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“奇怪地”；C項(xiàng)意為“大體上地”；D項(xiàng)意為“起初”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．I was out of the breath after running 1,600 metres. ______________________________________________________ 答案：去掉the　out of breath “上氣不接下氣”。 2．You dont want to be made fun and neither do others. ______________________________________________________ 答案：fun后加of　make fun of “取笑”。 3．The scientist as well as his assistants were doing an experiment in the lab then. ______________________________________________________ 答案：were→was　當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面接由as well as構(gòu)成的詞組時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式要依主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。 4．English is so difficult for him to learn. ______________________________________________________ 答案：so→too　too＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do ... “(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))太……而不能……”。 5．We offer our congratulation to you on your winning the prize. ______________________________________________________ 答案：congratulation→congratulations　congratulation“祝賀”，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 五、七選五 (2018濰坊市高考模擬考試) ing facetoface with your inadequacies can be painful，to say the least.It challenges the way that you believe people see you and even makes you question yourself.__1__.But handling negative feedback properly will not only make you look wellbehaved，but it could eventually help you grow as a person.Heres how to do it. Be objective about criticism(批評(píng)) Before you jump to conclusions and begin to challenge the other persons opinion，take a step back and look at it allsidedly.__2__，dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you，but rather，take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate.__3__. Be open to the idea of change __4__.And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance(認(rèn)知失調(diào))” that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most.“People have a view of themselves or the world that they only seek to confirm，not adjust or change，” Dr.Benn，a psychologist explains.“They may ignore criticism because they wish to avoid having to change，or because it makes them feel bad，or because they feel it is not helpful.” Ask questions If youre open to using the criticism as a springboard to improvement, you will likely need more information.The initial moment you hear the criticism may not be the best time to ask for more details.Your emotions will be riding high，and you may not be particularly willing to accept extra information.__5__.“Engage with the person who criticized you，asking what you can do differently or how you can do better，” says Dr.Benn.Even if you dont agree with their advice，thank them and promise to consider it. A．When you cant hear clearly B．Most of us are pretty stubborn C．Next time you get a bad review D．But its best to avoid getting into an argument E．Your immediate reaction may be to defend yourself F．Give yourself a chance to really take in the information and evaluate it G．However，when you feel ready，it could be worth revisiting the subject with the person who criticized you 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章從三個(gè)方面告訴我們，當(dāng)面對(duì)質(zhì)疑或者批評(píng)的時(shí)候，我們應(yīng)該怎么做。 難句分析：Even if you dont agree with their advice, thank them and promise to consider it.(最后一段最后一句) 譯文：即使你不同意他們的建議，但仍然要感謝他們并且承諾會(huì)考慮他們的建議。 詞匯積累：inadequacy n．不足　springboard n．基礎(chǔ)，出發(fā)點(diǎn)　to say the least退一步說(shuō)，至少可以這么說(shuō) 1．E　It challenges the way that you believe people see you and even makes you question yourself.(第一段第二句) 譯文：這質(zhì)疑了你認(rèn)為別人看待你的方式，甚至?xí)屇汩_(kāi)始懷疑自己。 解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句及語(yǔ)境可知，當(dāng)別人質(zhì)疑你的時(shí)候，你的第一反應(yīng)肯定是要保護(hù)自己(defend yourself)。故選E。 2．C　根據(jù)“Be objective about criticism(批評(píng))”及空格后的“dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you, but rather...”可知，下次當(dāng)你收到不好的評(píng)論時(shí)，不要立即讓你的情感占了上風(fēng)。故選C。 3．F　根據(jù)上文可知，你要花時(shí)間去仔細(xì)想想這些批評(píng)是否都是正確的。F項(xiàng)“給你自己一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)去真正接收并評(píng)估這些信息”承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。 4．B　And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance(認(rèn)知失調(diào))” that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most.(第三段第二句) 譯文：這可能是由于一個(gè)叫做認(rèn)知失調(diào)的觀念阻止我們?nèi)ジ淖兩踔潦钱?dāng)我們最需要改變事情的時(shí)候。 解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，B項(xiàng)“我們中的大多數(shù)人都相當(dāng)固執(zhí)”能夠引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 5．G　上文提到當(dāng)你最初聽(tīng)到批評(píng)的聲音，你的情緒會(huì)很激動(dòng)，不太愿意接受更多的批評(píng)；下文提到你要盡力去理解批評(píng)你的人，問(wèn)對(duì)方你還能做什么或怎么能做得更好。由此可知，此處應(yīng)用一個(gè)表轉(zhuǎn)折的句子承上啟下。故選G。