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Unit 2 English around the world ***閱讀理解 People who possess high selfesteem are able to mit better and produce a greater bond in relationships with others. Dr. Douglas feels that most people do not value themselves， but with love and selfrespect anyone can be above normality and grasp success with the family， the office， or others. We have bee too reliant on intelligence， beauty， and money for our own selfesteem. The loss of esteem reduces the will and ability to set and reach goals. In a series of reading Douglas teaches how to avoid negative statements， how to change them into selffacing behavior， and how to take charge of your mental attitude. Where other motivational and selfhelp work stops with the theoretical plan for success， Douglas takes everyday examples and puts them into his books. From raising children who believe in themselves to using selfesteem to help bridge the gap in the workplace， he gives readers concrete solutions to the problems that might ruin their interpersonal relations. Selfesteem building es from filling your thoughts with positive affirmations（肯定） and learning to react to failures with motivation instead of selfdestruction. These lessons are valuable for anyone who feels that life is even slightly out of control. People who feel they have adequate esteem can learn to use it to make their success grander， faster， and more beneficial for others. Douglas approaches this process of selfdevelopment as a means of more than creating good things for the individual but also for setting up keys for influencing good things for others. For more than thirty years， Dr. Douglas has addressed more than two million people on topics from time management to speaking effectively to raising drugfree children. He is the author of fifteen books， including How to Make a Habit of Succeeding. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要講述了自尊心強(qiáng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)以及如何培養(yǎng)自尊。 1.What can we infer from Paragraph One？ A.Most people behave well enough. B.Selfrespect means being above normality. C.Selfesteem matters much. D.mitting better equals greater success. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，自尊心很重要，故選C。 2.Why does Douglas put everyday examples into his books？ A.To be reliant on selfesteem. B.To set and reach goals. C.To avoid negative thoughts. D.To offer concrete solutions. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句可知，Douglas把日常的具體案例寫(xiě)進(jìn)自己的書(shū)里是為了給出具體的應(yīng)對(duì)方法，故選D。 3.What does the author advise those whose life is slightly out of control to do？ A.Learn to be positive.　 B．Face it unmotivatedly. C.Admit selfdestruction. D．Ask for help. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的前兩句可知，對(duì)于那些感覺(jué)生活有些失控的人，作者建議他們肯定自己，積極應(yīng)對(duì)，故選A。 4.What’s the most important to be selfdevelopment？ A.Influencing the individual. B.Influencing more people. C.Gaining more benefits. D.Speaking more effectively. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句可知，自我發(fā)展最重要的是影響更多的人，故選B。 ***語(yǔ)法填空 Theres no such thing __1__ living alone. Never mind if youre the only person in your house and have no dog, no cat, or even no fish. You still have got several billion __2__ (roommate) and so do we all. Some of them are harmless, some are __3__ (actual) helpful and some could even kill you. They are, of course, bacteria, fungi (霉菌) and viruses, and whether you like it or not, theyre on you, around you, and deeply within you. The fact __4__ bacteria are everywhere is not surprising. Its something you __5__ (learn) from your childhood when your mother told you not to drink water from someone elses glass. There are lots of bacteria __6__ are living in your tea kettle. There are bacteria __7__ (sleep) with you on your bed. Scientists are beginning __8__ (realize) the richness of the microbiome (微生物群系), which is as plex as the ones __9__ (find) in oceans, rainforests, deserts and woodlands. Your house has a microbiome and __10__ do you. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　 6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。世上沒(méi)有真正獨(dú)自的生活，即使你單獨(dú)在家，家里沒(méi)有狗、貓或者魚(yú)，你身邊還是有成千上萬(wàn)的陪伴者——各種細(xì)菌、霉菌和病毒。 1．a(chǎn)s　考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。There is no such thing as ... “沒(méi)有像……這樣的事”。 2．roommates　考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。roommate為可數(shù)名詞，由several billion可知，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 3．a(chǎn)ctually　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞helpful。 4．that　考查同位語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本句中含有由that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明The fact的具體內(nèi)容。 5．learned/learnt　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)下文中的told可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 6．which/that　考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為bacteria，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用which或that。 7．sleeping　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。bacteria與sleep存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。 8．to realize　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。start和begin后跟表示心理狀態(tài)或精神活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，如understand和realize等，常用不定式。 9．found　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。the ones與find是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。 10．so　考查特殊句型?！皊o＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”表示“……也如此”。 ***完形填空 One morning Maila woke up with a start.She had had a vivid __1__ of a lonely child with huge big tired eyes praying for love and crying out“Find me！” Maila was one of those people who used all her free time to help others and did it all in quiet，__2__ bragging (自夸)about it.But its hard to keep an angel a secret __3__she would have wanted to do her helping __4__ raising attention to herself.Soon word __5__，bringing even more people in need of help to her attention. Although she was __6__ to people in distress(困苦)，she was shaken by the dream.She __7__ to find the lonely child of her dream. And so she started __8__.She drove to every local hospital and institution where there were children.Maila felt __9__ because she had no idea what the child would look like.All she could do was to __10__ her feelings.She did this for weeks.She was not going to__11__ her search. Then one day she decided to visit an institution for __12__ handicapped(殘疾的)children.This institution __13__ children that were so badly handicapped they could not be taken care of at home.Many of the children had been __14__ as babies.There were stories of __15__ who never told their new husbands they had had a handicapped child. She walked into one room after another.And then she saw the tired __16__ she had been looking for.They belonged to a girl who could not __17__.She looked at Maila with such longing in her eyes Maila __18__ her immediately. “There you are！”she said.“I finally found you！” And the girls eyes were so full of __19__ no one dared to doubt they were __20__ to find each other.All the love she could not express with her words was written in her eyes. 1．A.story B．dream C．report D．a(chǎn)ccount 2．A.sometimes B．often C．a(chǎn)lways D．never 3．A.now that B．in case C．even though D．a(chǎn)s if 4．A.by B．for C．without D．despite 5．A.ended B．failed C．helped D．spread 6．A.addicted B．used C．devoted D．opposed 7．A.decided B．a(chǎn)greed C．forgot D．pretended 8．A.plaining B．searching C．volunteering D．changing 9．A.confident B．terrified C．excited D．a(chǎn)wkward 10．A.express B．trust C．ignore D．control 11．A.give up B．carry on C．focus on D．depend on 12．A.slightly B．rarely C．severely D．mainly 13．A.interested B．housed C．cured D．recorded 14．A.educated B．starved C．a(chǎn)bused D．a(chǎn)bandoned 15．A.mothers B．friends C．parents D．nurses 16．A.children B．patients C．eyes D．legs 17．A.speak B．hear C．see D．walk 18．A.believed B．forgave C．suspected D．recognized 19．A.surprise B．joy C．scare D．stress 20．A.allowed B．forced C．determined D．meant 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。Maila總是默默無(wú)聞地幫助別人，本文講述了她尋找她睡夢(mèng)中出現(xiàn)的女孩的故事。 1．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)第三段中的“find the lonely child of her dream”可知，Maila是在夢(mèng)中見(jiàn)到那個(gè)孩子的。dream意為“夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)想”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 2．D　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“did it all in quiet”可知，Maila 做好事的時(shí)候非常低調(diào)，從不自夸。never意為“從不，從未，絕不”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 3．C　考查連詞短語(yǔ)辨析。now that意為“既然，由于”；in case意為“以防，以防萬(wàn)一”； even though意為“即使”；as if意為“似乎，好像”。根據(jù)空格前的“its hard to keep an angel a secret”可知，保守秘密是很難的，即使Maila不想引起別人的注意。故選C。 4．C　考查介詞辨析。由上文可知，Maila想要默默地幫助別人，所以不想引起別人的注意。without意為“沒(méi)有”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。 5．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。end意為“結(jié)束”；fail意為“失敗”；help意為“幫助”；spread意為“傳播，擴(kuò)散”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指她樂(lè)于助人的事跡傳播開(kāi)來(lái)，使她注意到更多需要她幫助的人。故選D。 6．B　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)皆可與be和to構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)：be addicted to意為“對(duì)……上癮”； be used to意為“習(xí)慣/適應(yīng)于……”；be devoted to意為“奉獻(xiàn)/投身于……”；be opposed to意為“反對(duì)……”。句意為：盡管她已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了那些受苦的人們，但那個(gè)夢(mèng)令她很震驚。故選B。 7．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。decide意為“決定”；agree意為“同意”；forget意為“遺忘”；pretend意為“假裝”。由下文中的“And so she started ________.She drove to every local hospital...there were children.”可知，Maila決定找到她夢(mèng)中那個(gè)孤獨(dú)的孩子。故選A。 8．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。plain意為“抱怨”；search意為“尋找，搜尋”；volunteer意為“自愿(做某事)”；change意為“改變”。根據(jù)下文中的“She drove to every local hospital and institution”可知，她是在一些可能的地方尋找那個(gè)夢(mèng)中的孩子。故選B。 9．D　考查形容詞辨析。confident意為“充滿信心的”；terrified意為“感到害怕的”；excited意為“興奮的”；awkward意為“難對(duì)付的，難處理的”。由下文中的“because she had no idea what the child would look like”可知，因?yàn)镸aila連她自己要找的孩子長(zhǎng)什么樣都不清楚，所以很難辦。故選D。 10．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。express意為“表達(dá)”；trust意為“信任，相信”；ignore意為“忽視，忽略”；control意為“控制”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指因?yàn)椴恢篮⒆娱L(zhǎng)什么樣，她只能跟著感覺(jué)走，只能相信感覺(jué)。故選B。 11．A　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。give up意為“放棄”；carry on意為“繼續(xù)”；focus on意為“專注，聚焦”；depend on意為“依靠，取決于”。由下文“one day she decided to visit”可知，Maila不打算放棄尋找。故選A。 12．C　考查副詞辨析。slightly意為“輕微地”；rarely意為“稀有地，稀少地”；severely意為“嚴(yán)格地，嚴(yán)重地”；mainly意為“主要地”。根據(jù)下文“children that were so badly handicapped”可知，此處指她決定去看望一些嚴(yán)重殘疾的孩子。故選C。 13．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。interest意為“使感興趣”；house意為“讓……居住，給……提供住處”；cure意為“治療”；record意為“記錄”。句意為：這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)給那些嚴(yán)重殘疾、在家不能被照顧的孩子提供住宿。故選B。 14．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。educate意為“教育，培養(yǎng)”；starve意為“挨餓”；abuse意為“濫用，虐待”；abandon意為“遺棄，放棄”。由下文中的“who never told their new husbands they had had a handicapped child”可知，此處指那些孩子當(dāng)中有很多都是在嬰兒時(shí)期被遺棄的。故選D。 15．A　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“who never told their new husbands they had had a handicapped child”可知，那些遺棄殘疾孩子的媽媽們不會(huì)跟她們的再婚丈夫提及這些事。mother意為“母親，媽媽”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 16．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)第一段中的“a lonely child with huge big tired eyes”可知，此處指她看到了那雙她想尋找的疲憊的眼睛。eyes意為“眼睛”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。 17．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“All the love she could not express with her words was written in her eyes.”可知，雖然這個(gè)孩子無(wú)法說(shuō)話，但是她的眼睛會(huì)“說(shuō)話”。speak意為“說(shuō)，講”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 18．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。believe意為“相信，信任”；forgive意為“饒恕，原諒”；suspect意為“懷疑”；recognize意為“認(rèn)出”。由下文中的“I finally found you！”可知，Maila立刻認(rèn)出了那個(gè)出現(xiàn)在她夢(mèng)中的孩子。故選D。 19．B　考查名詞辨析。surprise意為“驚奇”；joy意為“快樂(lè)”；scare意為“恐懼”；stress意為“壓力”。根據(jù)第一段可知，那個(gè)夢(mèng)中的小女孩渴望得到愛(ài)并日夜祈禱讓人找到她，故此處指小女孩看到Maila非常高興。故選B。 20．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意為：那個(gè)孩子眼睛里的快樂(lè)讓人相信她們注定會(huì)找到彼此。be meant to do意為“注定做……”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 ***短文改錯(cuò) Three years ago I became a student in an ordinary school. Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorlyequipped classroom, I found the teachers patiently and considerate. Beside, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class. I decided to make the best of it. I worked hardly and got along well my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they are always available. Soon, I became one of the top student in our class, that greatly increased my confidence and I got more motivated. My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make a use of it what determines who you are. 答案： Three years ago I became a student in an ordinary school. as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorlyequipped classroom, I found the teachers and considerate. ， I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class. I decided to make the best of it. I worked and got along well my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they always available. Soon, I became one of the top in our class, greatly increased my confidence and I got more motivated. My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it determines who you are. 難項(xiàng)分析： 第三處：Beside→Besides　考查副詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“此外，而且”。beside為介詞，表示“在……旁邊”。故把Beside改為Besides。 第八處：that→which　考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷，逗號(hào)后的句子是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明前面整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容，故把that改為which。 第十處：what→that　考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷，這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It is＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that ... ”，句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)not what ... use of it(含有not ... but ... 結(jié)構(gòu))，故把what改為that。 ***