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Unit 2 Robots 一、閱讀理解。 A new study has found the amount of antibiotics given to farm animals is expected to increase by two­thirds over the next 15 years. Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to rising demand for meat, milk and eggs. The researchers warn the drugs could quicken the development of antibiotics­resistant (耐抗生素的)infections. Such infections are already a major public health concern in the United States. Experts say when people stop living in poverty, the first thing they want to do is eat better,rather than earn more money. For most people, that means their diet should contain more meat. Increasing prosperity in Asia has meant people there are eating nearly four times as much meat, milk and dairy products as they did 50 years ago. To meet that demand, farms have put many animals into smaller spaces. As the animals are crowded together, often the easiest way to deal with some of the problems of crowding is to give them antibiotics. It’s clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in a crowded environment and grow faster. But bacteria can develop resistance to the drugs gradually, and the antibiotics-resistant bacteria can spread to people. Doctors find that antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer do. The bacteria have learned ways to fight the medicine. Doctors say the heavy use of antibiotics in animals is one of several reasons for the growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide. In the United States, at least two million people get drug-resistant infections each year. At least 23,000 die from an infection. Ramanan Laxminarayan heads the Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics and Policy. He says the problem is expected to get worse. He believes the use of antibiotics in animals will soon increase sharply. He says that will not be good for human health. He and other researchers wrote a report on the study, which was published in the Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences. They used data from the United Nations that tell how and where livestock(牲畜) are raised today. They then predicted how such production would change by 2030. Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth. And she adds the United States is hoping to persuade farmers to stop using antibiotics for that purpose. 1.What is the passage mainly about? A.How to keep farm animals healthy. B.The abuse of antibiotics in human beings. C.A new way of raising farm animals. D.The disadvantages of using antibiotics. 2.From he passage, we can infer that using antibiotics too often in farm animals ______. A.will lead to animals being less active B.causes animals to get infected more easily C.makes antibiotic-resistant bacteria spread to people D.has a negative effect on the growth of animals 3.What accounts for the increasing amount of antibiotics given to farm animals? A.The increasing need for meat. B.The need for eating diversely. C.The less effective antibiotics. D.The limited farm technology. 4.How will the use of antibiotics in animals according to Ramanan Laxminarayan? A.It will soon stop rising. B.It will soon increase sharply. C.It will soon rise steadily. D.It will soon increase slowly. 參考答案： 1.D; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B 解析： 1.[縱觀全文便知,文章主要介紹了人們使用抗生素來飼養(yǎng)家畜帶來的缺點(diǎn)。如第一段:The researchers warn the drugs could quicken the development of antibioticsresistant (耐抗生素的)infections. Such infections are already a major public health concern in the United States和第五段等可得答案。] 2.[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句:But bacteria can develop resistance to the drugs gradually , and the antibioticsresistant bacteria can spread to people可得答案。] 3.[事實判斷題。根據(jù)第一段:Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to rising demand for meat, milk and eggs和第二段:Experts say when people stop living in poverty, the first thing they want to do is eat better, rather than earn more money. For most people, that means their diet should contain more meat.] 二、單句語法填空 1.The escaped prisoner， ___________ （alarm）， looked up and stared in the direction where the noise came from. 答案：alarmed 2.Marriages based on money rather than love are bound ___________ （end） in divorce sooner or later. 答案：to end 3.Having been warned of danger in the street at night， she had to go home， with a friend ___________ （acpany） her. 答案：acpanying 4.The majority of students were ___________ favour of the suggestion that they go to picnic the next day. 答案：in 5.（2018湖南衡陽聯(lián)考）The young couple set ___________ some money each month for their future use even though their ine can only make ends meet. 答案：aside 6.It is obvious to the students ___________ they should get well prepared for the ing examination. 答案：that 7.If ___________ （leave） alone outside， dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. 答案：left 8.In September 1939， Britain declared war ___________ German after Germany invaded Poland. 答案：on 9.He expressed a strong desire that measures ___________ （take） to stop pollution. 答案：（should） be taken 10.It was a great ___________ （satisfy） for her to know that her son was doing so well at college. 答案：satisfaction 三、完形填空。 Kobe Bryant, a super basketball star, announced that he would retire at the end of the 2015－16 season via a letter poem. In the letter, he __1__ the moment he started rolling his dad’s tube socks and shooting __2__ game-winning shots, indicating his deep love for basketball. “This season is all I have left to give,” the 37-year-old wrote, “My heart can take the pounding. My mind can __3__ the grind(苦差)but my __4__ knows it’s time to say goodbye.” As the only son of Joe Bryant, a former NBA player, Bryant was crazy about basketball and started __5__ in at 6, and his favorite team growing up was the Lakers. Bryant earned national __6__ during an amazing high school career and his basketball skills would have ensured __7__ to any college he chose, but he decided to go directly into the NBA. He finally made it and was __8__ out of high school in 1996 and was then traded to the Lakers, for which he has played his entire career. __9__, Bryant played limited minutes, but as the season continued, he began to see some more playing time and in his second season, he began to show more of his abilities as a talented young guard. The 1998－99 season __10__ Bryant’s appearance as a premier guard in the league. __11__, even at an early stage of his career, sportswriters were paring his skills to those of Michael Jordan and Magic Johnson. There are always different interpretations of Bryant, making him the most __12__ figure in modern sports, a bination of hero and villain(反面人物). He received criticism for getting his __13__ in the games, pletely neglecting his teammates; he was suspended __14__ deliberately breaking rules; he was even charged by the court with sex assault. __15__, with 17 NBA All-Star selections, five NBA championships with the Lakers, two Olympic gold medals, Kobe has brought his fans __16__ memories. His best days are long __17__ him indeed, but the way he approaches the game as well as life is always glamorous. We’ve always known, and __18__ are mentally prepared, that one day Kobe Bryant will not be __19__. Yet his retirement note still caught us off guard. It simply __20__ when farewell words are uttered(說出)from one of the all-time greats in basketball. 語篇解讀：文章主要講述科比退役一事，并由此介紹了科比的詳細(xì)情況。 1.A. remembered B. recalled C. recorded D. retold 【答案】B 【解析】recall意為“回憶”，符合語境，即指他回憶當(dāng)年的情況。 2.A. imaginary B. original C. practical D. contemporary 【答案】A 【解析】imaginary想象的；original原始的，原有的；practical實際的；contemporary現(xiàn)代的，當(dāng)代的，同一時代的。根據(jù)該空前面的“rolling his Dad’s tube socks and shooting”可知，他當(dāng)年是用他爸爸的圓筒短襪當(dāng)球打的，所以只能算是想象中的比賽。 3.A. treat B. operate C. pete D. handle 【答案】D 【解析】handle意為“處理；應(yīng)付”，符合語境，即“我”的思想上可以受得了這種苦差。 4.A. coach B. soul C. body D. teammates 【答案】C 【解析】body與前面的mind相對應(yīng)，即思想上承受得了這個苦差，但是身體上承受不了，要退役了。 5.A. involving B. diving C. participating D. throwing 【答案】B 【解析】dive in為固定搭配，意為“開始(從事)”，符合語境，即他從6歲開始打球。 6.A. confirmation B. recognition C. realization D. remendation 【答案】B 7.A. permission B. occupation C. admission D. submission 【答案】C 【解析】admission在這里意為“錄取”，即憑借他籃球方面的技能，他可以被任何一所他所選擇的大學(xué)錄取。 8.A. drafted B. removed C. substituted D. employed 【答案】A 【解析】draft本義為“征募”，在這里表示“被選中”，符合語境，即他被NBA選中。 9.A. Previously B. Frequently C. Basically D. Initially 【答案】D 【解析】initially意為“開始；最初”。起初，Bryant鍛煉有限的時間，后來慢慢增加練習(xí)時間。previously 先前地；frequently 頻繁地，經(jīng)常地；basically基本地。 10.A. represented B. symbolized C. marked D. reflected 【答案】C 【解析】mark...as...為固定搭配，意為“把……標(biāo)志為……”，符合語境，即1998~1999年是Bryant事業(yè)突飛猛進(jìn)的時期。 11.A. In addition B. In fact C. Therefore D. Then 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，用in fact承接。事實上，早在他的事業(yè)剛起步時，有關(guān)報道者便將他的技巧與喬丹等相提并論了。 12.A. outstanding B. ridiculous C. controversial D. honourable 【答案】C 【解析】outstanding杰出的；ridiculous可笑的；controversial有爭議的；authentic真實的。根據(jù)后半句中的“a bination of hero and villain”可知，他是一個有爭議的人物，因此選C。 13.A. way B. scores C. manner D. benefit 【答案】A 【解析】get one’s way為固定短語，意為“隨心所欲”，符合語境，即批評他打球沒有團(tuán)隊合作精神，隨心所欲、單打獨(dú)斗。 14.A. in response to B. in terms of C. on account of D. in the absence of 【答案】C 【解析】on account of意為“因為”，符合語境，即他因為故意違規(guī)而被停賽。 15.A. Instead B. Meanwhile C. Otherwise D. However 【答案】D 16.A. boring B. disappointing C. shocking D. thrilling 【答案】D 【解析】boring枯燥無味的；disappointing令人失望的；shocking令人震驚的；thrilling刺激的，令人激動的。根據(jù)上下文可知，D項正確，即科比總給他的粉絲激動的感覺。 17.A. above B. before C. behind D. beyond 【答案】C 【解析】他的輝煌已成過去。 18.A. more or less B. sooner or later C. now and then D. by and by 【答案】A 【解析】more or less意為“或多或少地”，符合語境。我們或多或少地在思想上做好了準(zhǔn)備。sooner or later 遲早；now and then不時地；by and by不久以后。 19.A. around B. here C. there D. about 【答案】A 20.A. works B. hurts C. suffers D. separates 【答案】B 【解析】當(dāng)科比說再見時，大家會感到心痛。根據(jù)句意可知，B項正確。 四、單句改錯 1.The little boy came riding at full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. How a dangerous scene it was！___________ 答案：How→What 2.That afternoon they drank much coffee than had been our custom.___________　 答案：much→more 3.The famous doctor is going to set out performing the operation， so please keep calm.___________　 答案：out→about 4.Look！ There stand the highest building of the city.___________ 　 答案：stand→stands 5.My boss used to be strict with his staffs， which made all of them nervous at seeing him.___________ 　 答案：staffs→staff 五、 單元語法——不定式的被動語態(tài) 1.（2018安徽省級示范高中聯(lián)考）She was looking for her three nephews，but they were nowhere ___________ （find），which made her worried. 答案：to be found 2.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the students，but it remains ___________ （see） whether they will enjoy it. 答案：to be seen 3.Not ___________ （interrupt） while writing，he locked himself in his study. 答案：to be interrupted 4.The play ___________ （produce） next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. 答案：to be produced 5.We’ve had a good start， but next， more work needs ___________ （do） to achieve the final success. 答案：to be done