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Unit 1　Cultural relics 課文與語法填空 　　閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The Amber Room, one of the greatest 　1　(wonder) of the world, was a great work that took about ten years to make. In 1716, the Amber Room 　2　 (give) to the Russian people as a gift of friendship by Frederick William I, who loved soldiers more 　3　 the Amber Room itself. In Russia, the room first served as a small reception hall for 　4　(importance) visitors 　5　 later was moved and redesigned by Catherine Ⅱ. 　6　 (unfortunate), the Amber Room disappeared when the Nazi Germany and Russia were at war and now nobody knows 　7　 happened to it. In 2003, 　8　, a new Amber Room, built by the Russians and Germans on the 　9　 (base) of the old photos, was ready for the people of St Petersburg 　10　 they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city. 1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　 6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　 答案　 1.wonders　考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)?！皁ne of+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式”為常見結(jié)構(gòu)。 2.was given　考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài),且主語與動(dòng)詞give之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 3.than　考查介詞。根據(jù)前文的more可知,此處應(yīng)用than。 4.important　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾名詞visitors,故用形容詞形式。 5.and　考查連詞。根據(jù)上文的first及下文的later可知,此空應(yīng)填and,表示順承關(guān)系。 6.Unfortunately　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾整個(gè)句子需用副詞形式,結(jié)合句意可知,此處表示“不幸的是”。 7.what　考查連接詞。what引導(dǎo)賓語從句并在從句中充當(dāng)主語。 8.however　考查副詞。根據(jù)前后關(guān)系可知,此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,且需用副詞。 9.basis　考查固定短語。on the basis of...在……的基礎(chǔ)上。 10.when　考查連詞。此處用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 課文與短文改錯(cuò) 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容,對下面材料進(jìn)行修改。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 A fact is anything which can be proved while an opinion is what someone believes is true and has not been proved. So a opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are good pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to be prove. Some people may not agree to this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses believe and which not to believe. He/She only cares about if the eyewitness has given true informations, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is calling evidence. 答案　 　　A fact is anything ①whichthat can be proved while an opinion is what someone believes is true ②andbut has not been proved. So ③aan opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are ④goodbetter pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to ⑤be prove. Some people may not agree ⑥towith this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses ⑦∧tobelieve and which not to believe. He/She only cares about ⑧ifwhether the eyewitness has given true ⑨informationsinformation, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is⑩callingcalled evidence. ①先行詞為不定代詞anything,故引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞需用that。 ②觀點(diǎn)是人們相信但是還沒有被證實(shí)的,此處前后內(nèi)容為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 ③opinion以元音音素開頭,故用冠詞an。 ④根據(jù)后面的than可知,此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。 ⑤在“主語+be+形容詞+to do”句型中,不定式動(dòng)作與主語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),不定式中的動(dòng)詞常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)的意義。故去掉be。 ⑥agree with sth.贊同/同意某事,為固定表達(dá)。 ⑦此處為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 ⑧whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句作介詞about的賓語,此時(shí)不能與if互換。 ⑨information為不可數(shù)名詞。 ⑩主語與call之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 話題知識(shí)與寫作 Ⅰ. 根據(jù)提示翻譯下列句子。 1.眾所周知,文化遺產(chǎn)屬于全人類而不是個(gè)人。(belong to;rather than) 2.有些人想方設(shè)法地尋找它們,并非法地占有它們。(search for) 3.其中一些文化遺產(chǎn)已遭破壞,只有少數(shù)幸免于難。(survive) 4.我們每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)盡最大努力避免它們遭到破壞。(make efforts) 5.毫無疑問保護(hù)好文化遺產(chǎn)是我們的責(zé)任。(there is no doubt that) Ⅱ. 將以上句子連成一篇語言流暢、用詞準(zhǔn)確、邏輯嚴(yán)密的短文。 答案　 Ⅰ.1.Its well-known that cultural relics belong to the human beings rather than individuals. 2.Some people try their best/take great pains to search for them and take possession of them illegally. 3.Some of the cultural relics have been damaged and only a few survive. 4.Every one of us should make efforts to prevent them from being destroyed. 5.There is no doubt that it is our duty to protect cultural relics well. Ⅱ.[參考范文] Its well-known that cultural relics belong to the human beings rather than individuals. However, some people take great pains to search for them and take possession of them illegally. Some of them have been damaged and only a few survive. Therefore, every one of us should make efforts to prevent them from being destroyed, for there is no doubt that it is our duty to protect cultural relics well. 單元詞匯拓展速記 1.“爭論”詞塊 argue v.爭論 conflict v.沖突 debate v.辯論;爭論 discuss v.討論 dispute v.爭論 quarrel v.爭吵 2.“in+n.+of”短語 in favor of支持;贊同 in front of在……前面 in honour of為了紀(jì)念;向……表示敬意 in memory of為了紀(jì)念 in need of需要 in place of代替;取代 in search of尋找 in terms of就……而言 3. “前綴in表否定”詞塊 inactive adj.不活躍的 inaccurate adj.不精確的 inconvenient adj.不方便的 inplete adj.不完全的 indirect adj.間接的 informal adj.非正式的