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Making the news 一、閱讀理解。 It may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech. At some point in every speech, every speaker says something that is not understood exactly as he has planned. Fortunately, such moments are usually not obvious to the listeners. Why? Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say. They hear only what the speaker does say. If you lose your place for a moment, wrongly change the order of a couple of sentences, or forget to pause at a certain point, no one will be any the wiser. When such moments occur, don’t worry about them. Just continue as if nothing happened. Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech, that doesn’t really matter. If you have ever listened to Martin Luther King’s famous speech — ＂I Have a Dream＂, you may notice that he stumbles (結巴)over his words twice during the speech. Most likely, however, you don’t remember. Why? Because you were fixing your attention on his message rather than on his way of speech-making. People care a lot about making a mistake in a speech because they regard speech-making as a kind of performance rather than as an act of munication. They feel the listeners are like judges in an ice-skating petition. But, in fact, the listeners are not looking for a perfect performance. They are looking for a well-thought-out speech that expresses the speaker’s ideas clearly and directly. Sometimes a mistake or two can actually increase a speaker’s attractiveness by making him more human. As you work on your speech, don’t worry about being perfect. Once you free your mind of this, you will find it much easier to give your speech freely. 1.The underlined part in the first paragraph means that no one will 　　　　. A.be smarter than you B. know what you are talking about C.do better than you D. notice your mistakes 2.You don’t remember obvious mistakes in a speech because 　　　　. A. you find the way of speech-making more important B. you don’t fully understand the speech C. you don’t know what the speaker plans to say D. your attention is on the content 3.From the last two paragraphs, the author means that 　　　　. A. giving a speech is like giving a performance B. the listeners should pay more attention to how a speech is made C.one or two mistakes in a speech may not be bad。 D. the more mistakes a speaker makes, the more attractive he will be 4.What would be the best title for the passage? A. How to Be a Perfect Speaker B. Don’t Expect a Perfect Speech C. Don’t Expect Mistakes in a Speech D. How to Make a Perfect Speech 【文章大意】這篇文章主要講了不要期盼完美的演講，沒有人會注意到你的錯誤，有時一兩個錯誤也不壞。 1.D 【解析】詞義猜測題。根據上文＂Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say. They hear only what the speaker does say.＂可知，沒人會注意到你在演講中所出現的問題和錯誤，故選D。 3.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段最后一句話＂Sometimes a mistake or two can actually increase a speaker’s attractiveness by making him more human＂ 作者認為演講中的一兩個錯誤并不壞。故選C。 4.B 【解析】標題判斷題。根據第一段的句子＂It may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.＂可知，文章主要介紹不要期望完美的演講。故選B。 二、單句語法填空 1．It is necessary that we keep the young generation (inform) of the current affairs. 答案：informed 2．A man helping an old lady who fell on the floor to get up on a bus ended up (accuse) of causing her injury. 答案：being accused 3．Don’t defend him any more. It’s obvious that he (deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology. 答案：deliberately 4． (acquire) a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school. 答案：To acquire 5．It is every citizen’s demand that the murderer who killed three children (punish)． 答案：(should) be punished 6．The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, (depend) on your different answers. 答案：depending 7．The diligent man is (achieve) his goal, because he spares no effort to do the best for every detail. 答案：to achieve 8．(2018銀川質檢)My parents didn’t approve my leaving school this year and I had to accept it. 答案：of 9．You should get down to your study from now on. Please concentrate what is of great importance for your future development. 答案：on 10．What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You are supposed (be) asleep. 答案：to be 三、完形填空。 Over the last 15 years, as a doctor, I have had heart-to-heart conversations with countless patients near the end of their lives. The most mon emotion they express is　1　. And that’s　2　I came up with a project to encourage people to write a　3　to their loved ones. It’s a lesson I learned years ago from a memorable　4　patient. He was a retired　5　with a cancer. Every day, his　6　spent many hours watching him watch television. She explained to me he had never been much of a　7　in their 50-plus years of marriage. But he seemed quite　8　to share his ideas with me, 　9　 when it became clear his days were　10　. He spoke of his deep regret for not having spent enough time with his wife, and of his great　11　in his son, who had joined the Navy in his father’s footsteps. One afternoon, when I mentioned these　12　to his wife and son, they looked disbelievingly at each other. They thanked me for being so kind but　13　my patient was unlikely to express such feelings. To make sure his family could hear his　14　, I took my video camera with me the next morning and with the patient’s　15　, recorded an open letter from him to his family. When I gave them the　16　letter, both his wife and son were moved to tears. The experience　17　my letter project, which can help people plete their life review tasks: apologizing to those we may have hurt; 　18　 those who have hurt us and saying “I love you”. It may take much courage to write a life review letter. For some people, it　19　deep and troubling emotions. 　20　 it may be the most important letter you will ever write. 【文章大意】 作為一名醫(yī)生, 因為與無數臨終的病人交談過, 他們常表達出自己的遺憾。這激發(fā)了作者想讓人們給自己愛的人寫一封信的想法, 以此表達對曾經傷害過的人的歉意及原諒傷害過自己的人們。 1. A. gratitude　 B. regret　 C. apology　 D. affection 【解析】選 B。根據下文的內容可知在臨終之前表達的都是遺憾的心情。最后一段中有提示。gratitude感激; regret后悔, 遺憾; apology 道歉; affection情感。 2. A. because B. why C. when D. how 【解析】選B。從語境可看出那就是我為什么(why)提出這個項目。 3. A. note B. bill C. letter D. sentence 【解析】選C。通過語境可知病人臨終時常有遺憾, 因此作者通過這個項目來鼓勵人們寫信給自己所愛的人。故選 letter。 4. A. dying B. weak C. unconscious D. silent 【解析】選A。從下文可知這是從一個將要去世的人身上學到的教訓。因此選項dying符合題意。weak虛弱的; unconscious 無意識的; silent沉默的。 5. A. merchant B. worker C. official D. soldier 【解析】選D。從后文可知他當過海軍, 因此是個士兵(soldier)。 6. A. family B. daughter 　C. son D. wife 【解析】選D。從下文中“in their 50-plus years of marriage. ”(在他們結婚的50多年里)可知是他的妻子(wife)。 7. A. husband B. lover C. talker D. panion 【解析】選C。上文說他妻子每天都在看他看電視, (可知他是個不健談的人。)由此可推斷出她向我解釋說在他們結婚的50多年里, 他不是個健談的人(talker)。 8. A. willing B. disturbing C. embarrassed D. delighted 【解析】選A。根據句意可知這個人不善言談卻愿意(willing)和“我”分享他的一些想法。disturbing煩擾的, 令人不安的; embarrassed局促不安的, 為難的, 尷尬的, 窘迫的; delighted高興的。 9. A. specially B. especially C. exactly D. gradually 【解析】選B。他看起來非常愿意和“我”分享他的想法, 尤其(especially)是他在世上的日子不多了的時候。 specially特別地, 專門地, 特意地, 格外地; especially尤其; exactly確切地; gradually慢慢地。 10. A. numbered B. died C. ended D. pleted 【解析】選A。從上文可知他是個癌癥患者, 所剩時日不多, 屈指可數。故用numbered。 11. A. satisfaction B. pride C. concern D. plaint 【解析】選B。他兒子以他為榜樣參加了海軍, 因此他以兒子為傲(pride)。 satisfaction 滿意; concern關心; plaint抱怨; pride驕傲, 自豪。故選B。 12. A. ments B. decisions C. explanations D. promises 【解析】選A。當我把他的話(即評論)對他的妻子和兒子說時, 他們難以置信。ment評論; decision決定; explanation解釋; promise承諾, 允諾。 13. A. denied B. disbelieved C. insisted D. realized 【解析】選C。從上文可知這個病人是個不善言談的人, 所以當他兒子和妻子聽到這樣的評論時難以相信, 因此他們才會感謝我并堅持(insisted)他是不可能如此表達的。deny否認; disbelieve 難以相信; realize意識到, 知道, 實現。從上文可知C符合題意。 14. A. sorrow B. anxiety C. wish D. love 【解析】選D。從上文的內容可知這個病人表達的是對家人的愛(love)。sorrow悲痛; anxiety 焦慮, 擔心; wish 愿望; love愛。 15. A. desire B. permission C. request D. assistance 【解析】選B。第二天我?guī)е鴶z像機, 經過病人的同意(permission)。 desire渴望; permission允許, 批準; request 請求; assistance幫助。從上下文可知是病人的允許。故選permission。 16. A. taped B. typed C. written D. unopened 【解析】選A。tape錄音; type打字; write 寫作; unopen未打開。 17. A. raised B. inspired C. proved D. weled 【解析】選B。根據下文可知這個項目能幫助人們彌補過去的憾事, 這事激勵了我。raise引起, 抱起, 提高(價格等), 養(yǎng)育, 籌集; inspire鼓舞, 激勵, 賦予靈感, 啟迪; prove證明, 證實; wele歡迎, 樂于接受。 18. A. acknowledging B. forgetting C. hurting D. forgiving 【解析】選D。向那些我們可能傷害過的人道歉; 原諒那些傷害過我們的人, 并說“我愛你”。acknowledge承認, 感謝; forget忘記; hurt傷害; forgive原諒。通過上下文可知是原諒(forgive)那些傷害過我們的人, D符合題意。 19. A. calls for B. calls off C. calls in D. calls up 【解析】選D。它可能喚起人們內心深處的煩惱情緒。call for要求, 需要, 提倡; call off放棄, 取消, 叫走; call in召集, 召來, 收回; call up 打電話, 召集,使想起, 喚醒。故選D。 20. A. So B. For C. Yet D. Otherwise 【解析】選C。雖然能讓人們想起不好的情緒但卻是最重要的一封信。由此可知是轉折關系。故選C。 四、單句改錯 1．I can think of many cases that the media have a strong effect on young men. 答案：that →where 2．You’d better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows. 答案：去掉of 3．They decided to go on holiday for a week because all the tasks have been fulfilled ahead of the time. 答案：去掉time前的the 4．You can depend on that he will e to help you when needed. 答案：on后加it 5．(江西卷)Never before she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. 答案：在before后加has 五、單元語法——倒裝句 1．(2018廣東執(zhí)信中學期中)So difficult I find it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. 答案：did 2．(2018安徽安慶四校聯考)—How was the weather then? —Hardly I stepped off the plane when it started to rain. 答案：had 3．(2018北京海淀區(qū)一模)Hard it is, the Chinese government is determined to open up the new Silk Road. 答案：as/though 4．(2018湖南益陽箴言中學模擬)In front of our school (stand) a tower on whose top we can have a clear view of the lake. 答案：stands 5．At the top of the hill (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city. 答案：lies