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選修八 Unit 3 The world of colours and light 檢測評價A卷 Ⅰ.單項填空 1．—I want some information on ________ package tour to Thailand. —OK, it costs ＄400, including ________ acmodation. A．不填； the B．a(chǎn); an C．the; an D．the; 不填 解析：選D　考查冠詞。句意：“我想咨詢一下跟團(tuán)去泰國旅游的信息。”“好的，包括住宿在內(nèi)要400美元。”package tour為固定搭配，意為“跟團(tuán)旅游”，此處用the特指去泰國的跟團(tuán)旅游；acmodation為不可數(shù)名詞，表示“住處”，其前不需加冠詞。 2．Someone has upset the photographs I ________ so carefully, which makes me quite angry. A．laid off B．laid out C．laid down D．laid aside 解析：選B　句意：有人弄亂了我精心布置的照片，這讓我非常生氣。lay off“裁員，解雇”；lay out“布置，設(shè)計”；lay down“放下”；lay aside“把……放在一邊”。由photographs可知此處為“布置”，選B。 3．The parents were happy to know that their son had won ________ to Beijing University. A．permission B．a(chǎn)llowance C．recognition D．a(chǎn)dmission 解析：選D　句意：得知兒子被北京大學(xué)錄取，父母很高興。admission“錄取，進(jìn)入，承認(rèn)”，符合句意。permission“允許”；allowance“津貼”；recognition“識別，認(rèn)可”。 4．Life affords no higher pleasure than that of overing difficulties, ________ from one step of success to another. A．to pass B．having passed C．passed D．passing 解析：選D　句意：人生沒有比克服困難更快樂的事，從成功的一步到另一步。現(xiàn)在分詞短語passing用作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。 5．You will be successful in the interview________ you have confidence. A．before B．once C．until D．though 解析：選B　句意：一旦你有了信心，面試就會成功。once“一旦”，符合句意。 6．I ________ up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I ________ to give you a surprise. A．have e; hoped B．have been ing; has hoped C．have e; was hoping D．have been ing; was hoping 解析：選D　句意：我現(xiàn)在來這兒已經(jīng)好幾周了；你看我本希望給你個驚喜。由“for weeks now”可知是動作從過去到現(xiàn)在一直在進(jìn)行，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，第二空是表示本希望，用過去進(jìn)行時。選D項。 7．Thank you for the book. Ill ________ it this evening and return it to you tomorrow morning. A．dip into B．e into C．go into D．put into 解析：選A　句意：謝謝你借我這本書，今天晚上我要瀏覽一下，明早還你。dip into“瀏覽，翻閱一下”，符合句意。e into“進(jìn)入”；go into“走進(jìn)”；put into“放入”。 8．If you dont ________ your smoking, I will ________ your supply. A．cut up; cut down B．cut down; cut off C．cut in; cut off D．cut in; cut up 解析：選B　句意：如果你不減少抽煙，我將中斷供應(yīng)。cut down“削減”；cut off“切斷，中斷”。故選B項。 9．It is not until he returned to his hometown ________ the great changes that had happened. A．did he find B．that did he find C．that he found D．found he that 解析：選C　句意：直到回到家鄉(xiāng)他才發(fā)現(xiàn)家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為not until的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，故C項正確。 10．—Did Linda see the traffic accident? —No, no sooner________ than it happened. A．had she gone B．she had gone C．has she gone D．she has gone 解析：選A　no sooner ...than ...表示“一……就……”，前面的主句通常用過去完成時，后面的從句通常用一般過去時，而且當(dāng)no sooner置于句首時前面的主句應(yīng)用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A。 11．We wele you to use this area for your baby buggy (童車). However, ________ a wheelchair user board the bus，you are not supposed to use this special area. A．would B．might C．should D．could 解析：選C　句意：我們歡迎你使用這一區(qū)域停放你的童車。然而萬一輪椅使用者要上公共汽車，你就不應(yīng)該再使用這一特殊區(qū)域。本題為if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句對將來情況虛擬。當(dāng)從句中省略if時需要部分倒裝，即if a wheelchair user should board the bus, should 意為“萬一，應(yīng)該，竟然”。 12．(2019蘇州模擬)________ you recognize an idiom when it is being used, it is easy to misunderstand what you read or hear spoken. A．Although B．Because C．Unless D．While 解析：選C　句意：除非你能識別習(xí)語的運(yùn)用，否則你很容易誤解所讀的或聽到的內(nèi)容。unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“除非，如果不”。 13．—Ive sold my first painting! —This is really ________！ Someone actually thinks your painting fantastic. A．everything B．a(chǎn)nything C．nothing D．something 解析：選D　句意：“我把我的第一幅畫賣了。”“真的很棒！實(shí)際上，有人認(rèn)為你的畫很不可思議。”this is something“太好了”。 14．(2019蘇北四市模擬)He is famous ________his being on time, so we dont know the reason ________ his being late this time. A．for; of B．a(chǎn)s; for C．for; for D．of; of 解析：選C　句意：他因守時而出名，因此我們不知道這次他遲到的原因。be famous for “因……而出名”；the reason for“……的原因”。 15．We believe there is no independent scientific evidence that any Internet dating site is beneficial to matching people together, ________？ A．is there B．do we C．dont we D．isnt there 解析：選A　句意：我們認(rèn)為不存在獨(dú)立客觀的科學(xué)證據(jù)可以證明婚戀網(wǎng)站有利于幫助單身人士找到匹配的人選，不是嗎？在反意疑問句主句是I think, I believe, I suppose, I expect, I imagine 等結(jié)構(gòu)時，疑問部分的主語和謂語動詞應(yīng)與賓語從句的主語和謂語保持一致。陳述部分用否定詞或半否定詞no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等否定含義的詞時，疑問部分用肯定形式。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2019蘇、錫、常、鎮(zhèn)二模)Like many perfectionists, I truly believed that selfsufficiency was a virtue.And __1__ my brain was so good at finding what it was looking for, I noticed every single time that idea got proved __2__， and so I always had lots of __3__ for why it really was better if I just handled everything myself. This kind of thinking, friends, was the __4__ in disguise (偽裝)． My selfreliance came in handy when I was a kid in the seventies and in adulthood when I was an independent __5__.Then, in the first years of __6__ the Organized Artist pany, I found myself __7__ everything I could about websites, copywriting, graphic design, etc.Later whenever one of my business friends __8__ about how her website was being held hostage (人質(zhì)) by her designer, I __9__ felt too satisfied.__10__ if mistakes were made in my business, they were all mine. Now this was where my false __11__ showed up — in not wanting others to know I made mistakes.If I had other people __12__ me, they would see my errors and __13__.Working alone, I could keep up a pretty good display of __14__. But as the Organized Artist pany became increasingly __15__， I realized I was doing harm to the people I was trying to serve by attempting to do everything myself.I was __16__ my growth and the depth of my work. I had built a business with my own two hands, and I __17__ with a business that I could hold in my own two hands.Cozy, __18__ limited in scope (范圍)． Once I was willing to control my ego (自負(fù)) and admit that my vision of selfsufficiency was a __19__， my business took a remarkable leap forward, and revenue __20__.Little change, big difference. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者通過自己創(chuàng)辦公司的經(jīng)歷告訴我們?nèi)魏问虑槎加H力親為，不相信別人，會限制我們的發(fā)展。 1．A.while B．since C．before D．until 解析：選B　由于“我”的大腦總是擅長于找到它所要尋找的東西。since“由于，因?yàn)椤薄? 2．A.clear B．mistaken C．rough D．right 解析：選D　“我”每次都注意到這個想法被證明是正確的。 3．A.evidence B．experience C．suggestion D．confidence 解析：選A　所以“我”總是會有很多證據(jù)來證明如果“我”自己干，“我”會干得更好。evidence“證據(jù)”。 4．A.magic B．devil C．sheep D．heaven 解析：選B　這種想法就是偽裝的魔鬼。 friends為插入語。devil“魔鬼”。 5．A.worker B．perfectionist C．writer D．a(chǎn)rtist 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文可知作者創(chuàng)辦了藝術(shù)公司，所以作者自己也是一名獨(dú)立藝術(shù)家。 6．A.running B．owning C．founding D．establishing 解析：選A　當(dāng)“我”自己在經(jīng)營一家藝術(shù)公司的時候。run“運(yùn)營，經(jīng)營”。 7．A.losing B．quitting C．learning D．possessing 解析：選C　“我”開始學(xué)著去做關(guān)于網(wǎng)站、文案、平面設(shè)計等各種各樣的事情。learning“學(xué)著去做”。 8．A.municated B．mented C．promised D．plained 解析：選D　后來當(dāng)“我”的一個做生意的朋友抱怨自己的網(wǎng)站被她的設(shè)計師劫持的時候。plain“抱怨，埋怨”，符合語境。municate“交流”； ment“評論”； promise“傷害；妥協(xié)”。 9．A.doubtfully B．seriously C．secretly D．strangely 解析：選C　“我”私下里覺得太滿足了。secretly“私下地”。 10．A.At most B．At last C．At length D．At least 解析：選D　至少“我”工作上如果出現(xiàn)了錯誤，那都是“我”一個人的。at least“至少”，符合語境。at length“終于，最后”。 11．A.elegance B．pride C．a(chǎn)nxiety D．a(chǎn)nnoyance 解析：選B　現(xiàn)在想來那就是“我”錯誤的驕傲開始出現(xiàn)的時候。pride“驕傲”。 12．A.helping B．persuading C．criticizing D．ignoring 解析：選A　如果其他人幫“我”的話，他們就會看到“我”失誤以及錯誤的判斷。 13．A.statements B．misjudgments C．a(chǎn)rguments D．a(chǎn)greements 解析：選B　參見上題解析。misjudgment“判斷失誤”。 14．A.inspiration B．imagination C．excellence D．patience 解析：選C　但是如果“我”單干的話，“我”可以一直呈現(xiàn)出優(yōu)秀的一面。excellence“優(yōu)秀，卓越”。 15．A.difficult B．successful C．boring D．relaxing 解析：選B　當(dāng)“我”的藝術(shù)公司辦得越來越成功的時候，“我”發(fā)覺“我”這樣任何事情都自己做是對那些“我”為之服務(wù)的人的傷害。 successful“成功的”。 16．A.limiting B．designing C．creating D．promoting 解析：選A　“我”這樣其實(shí)是限制了自己的發(fā)展和工作的深度。limit“限制”。 17．A.came down B．got away C．ended up D．came up 解析：選C　根據(jù)句意，作者通過自己的雙手創(chuàng)辦了一家公司，但是因?yàn)橐恢笔侨魏问虑槎甲约鹤霾蝗で笏说膸椭赃@個公司最終也做不大。“I could hold in my own two hands”是形象的說法。end up“以……告終”。 18．A.but B．or C．so D．a(chǎn)nd 解析：選A　盡管舒適，但規(guī)模受到限制。but表示前后轉(zhuǎn)折。 19．A.dream B．virtue C．concept D．trap 解析：選D　一旦“我”愿意控制“我”的自我(自負(fù))和承認(rèn)“我”自己的那個自給自足的版本是一個陷阱。trap“陷阱”。 20．A.shrank B．doubled C．dropped D．stayed 解析：選B　“我”的生意有了驚人的飛躍，收入翻了一番。double“加倍，翻番”。 Ⅲ.任務(wù)型閱讀 (2019南京、鹽城、連云港二模)A living wall or a green wall is a garden that grows vertically rather than horizontally and can exist inside or outside the home.Any welllit place inside your home makes a suitable environment.Indoor herb gardens are growing in popularity and thrive well in sunny kitchens.Any outside wall does as well.Green or living walls are beneficial to us in so many ways.I will discuss below, in simple terms, how these vertical gardens can protect your home and environment, save you energy and benefit your health. Pollutants exist all around us both outdoors and indoors.Toxic fumes (有毒氣體) go into the air we breathe through our air systems and can cause what we monly call “Sick Building Syndrome”．Green or living walls can significantly clear up the toxins.While all plants absorb pollutants, there are certain plants that do so with much more efficiency.Even one plant can remove toxins from your home or building.However, the more plants are added, the more toxins are absorbed. The plantings prevent dramatic temperature variations, which then prevents the building from corrosion (腐蝕) that results from expanding and contracting during extreme temperatures.These plants act as a natural insulation, keeping air inside the buildings cooler in the summer months and warmer during the winter months.The manner in which these vertical gardens are constructed allows the building to breathe and protects the walls from wind, harmful UV rays and corrosive rain.Besides, living walls and green roofs help to provide a natural environment for birds and butterflies. Simply put, the plants on the buildings exterior keep the building protected from the heat of the sun, thus keeping the building itself cooler so that less energy is employed when you are cooling the building.Interior green walls also greatly help to reduce energy use by helping to keep the interior cool.With each additional plant, energy consumption is reduced.Therefore, a room with hundreds of plants can see a temperature reduction of as much as 7℃.This is indeed significant! During the cold winter months these green walls have the opposite effect and act as insulation from bitter temperatures.The additional layer prevents heat from escaping, thus helping you to consume less gas or oil. Plants offer instant stress relief by softening the environment around us.They reduce noise and pollution.Gardens have an instant calming effect.In workplaces plants have been exploited to increase productivity; in the home they increase peace.They ease stress and tiredness, and offer rich oxygen.Gardens are strategically placed in hospitals for their calming benefits, which can lead to a patients shortened stay.Try doubling the health benefits by building an eatable living wall in your kitchen.Absolutely, these greens will relax you and purify the air you breathe. With so many benefits, why not build your own living wall？ Living Walls: How They Can Improve Your Home and Your Health Brief introduction A green wall, where plants grow well if there is sufficient (1)________， benefits your environment and health. Improving indoor air (2)________ As the air we breathe contains pollutants, choose the plants that can more (3)______ remove harmful pollutants.The more plants you grow, the (4)________ air youll breathe. Protecting your building In addition to offering shelters for little birds and butterflies, green walls naturally act as (5)________ control to prevent your home from corrosion, which otherwise would damage your home. (6)________ energy Green walls protect your building from the heat of the sun in summer and the (7)________ in winter.Accordingly, they allow you to (8)________ your gas or oil consumption. Benefiting health Plants make people (9)________ stressed and calmer, making the staff more productive and patients recovery time (10)________. 答案：1.light/sunshine　2.quality/condition　3.efficiently　4.cleaner/better/fresher　5.temperature 6．Saving/Conserving　7.cold/coldness 8．lower/reduce/decrease/lessen　9.less 10．shortened/shorter　 檢測評價B卷 閱讀理解 A Dive with Big Sharks Our shark dive adventures make use of hookah systems and shark cages. A hookah system is a system of providing air from the surface to divers down below. Cage divers breathe by using a regulator connected to an air hose. Is Shark Diving Dangerous? Yes. You could get sunburn. You could hit your head on the top bunk getting out of bed. You could fall overboard. As for a shark attack, according to the International Shark Attack File, you are far more likely to be killed by a dog or a deer. One Day Cage Diver Adventure —＄875 Our expert shark diver team will acpany you to the best viewing areas within the Marine Sanctuary. There, well drop our cage and prepare to provide you with a view youll never forget. No dive experience is necessary. Our cages sit just below the surface. Youll be able to breathe fortably from your snorkel or air hose while you move about the cage, taking photos and having fun. Top Shark Adventure —＄375 If you want to see great white sharks but prefer them a little further away, we offer great topside shark viewing from our observation deck (甲板). Help scan the horizon for fins and watch for sharks attacking their prey (獵物)． Theres No Shark Guarantee Although we go to the best places at the best time of year, we cannot guarantee youll see sharks. Weve been very successful in past shark seasons and expect another incredible year. However, if we see no sharks, there is no refund (退款)． 語篇解讀：本文是一則廣告，主要介紹兩種類型的鯊魚潛水探險(潛水員籠內(nèi)探險和頂級鯊魚探險)，包括價格、探險細(xì)節(jié)、費(fèi)用和注意事項。 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the two adventures? A．Top Shark Adventure makes use of hookah systems. B．Top Shark Adventure is suitable for those worried about danger. C．Cage Diver Adventure is less interesting than the other. D．Cage Diver Adventure offers you a view of the bottom of the sea. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中細(xì)節(jié)可知，籠內(nèi)探險看到的是海洋保護(hù)區(qū)，選項D錯誤；籠內(nèi)探險提供的是永遠(yuǎn)都不會忘記的景色，因此選項C錯誤。頂級鯊魚探險是在甲板上，相對安全，選項B正確；同時它不需要hookah systems(水煙系統(tǒng))，因此選項A錯誤。 2．We can learn from the advertisement that there might be a risk that ________. A．you are hurt by a shark while diving there B．you are out of breath deep down in the sea C．you fail to achieve your purpose of the trip D．you suffer from lack of skill in shark diving 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第一、二句可知，探險不保證一定可以看到鯊魚，也就意味著探險者不一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)探險的目的。 B (2019蘇北四市一模)I used to think the whole purpose of life was pursuing happiness. Everyone said the path to happiness was success, so I searched for that ideal job, that perfect boyfriend, that beautiful apartment. But instead of ever feeling fulfilled, I felt anxious and adrift. Eventually, I decided to go to graduate school for positive psychology to learn what truly makes people happy. And whats the difference between being happy and having meaning in life? Many psychologists define happiness as a state of fort and ease, feeling good in the moment. Meaning, though, is deeper. The renowned psychologist Martin Seligman says meaning es from belonging to and serving something beyond yourself and from developing the best within you. Our culture is obsessed (癡迷于) with happiness, but I came to see that seeking meaning is the more fulfilling path. There are four pillars (支柱) of a meaningful life. The first pillar is belonging. Belonging es from being in relationships where youre valued for who you are intrinsically and where you value others as well. For many people, belonging is the most essential source of meaning. For others, the key to meaning is the second pillar: purpose. Finding your purpose is not the same thing as finding that job that makes you happy. A hospital custodian told me her purpose is healing sick people. Many parents tell me，“My purpose is raising my children.”The key to purpose is using your strengths to serve others. Without something worthwhile to do, people flounder. The third pillar of meaning is also about stepping beyond yourself, but in a pletely different way: transcendence (超然). Transcendent experiences can change you. Transcendent states are those rare moments when youre lifted above the hustle and bustle of daily life, your sense of self fades away, and you feel connected to a higher reality. For me, Im a writer, and it happens through writing. Sometimes I get so in the zone that I lose all sense of time and place. The fourth pillar is storytelling, the story you tell yourself about yourself. Creating a narrative from the events of your life brings clarity. It helps you understand how you became you. But we dont always realize that were the authors of our stories and can change the way were telling them. Your life isnt just a list of events. You can edit, interpret and retell your story, even as youre constrained by the facts. Thats the power of meaning. Happiness es and goes. But when life is really good and when things are really bad, having meaning gives you something to hold on to. 語篇解讀：本文為議論文。說明了追求快樂對于生活的重要性，但作者認(rèn)為更重要的是找尋生活本身的價值和意義。 3．What can we infer from the first two paragraphs? A．Life can be fulfilled by landing ideal jobs. B．Life dilemma is easy for us to get out of. C．Happiness is the core values in our culture. D．Happiness is what most people pursue. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。由第一段第二句“Everyone said the path to happiness was success.”(我們每個人都說通向幸福的途徑就是成功。)以及第二段最后一句中的“Our culture is obsessed (癡迷于) with happiness”(我們的文化都沉迷于幸福)可知，現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人都在追求幸福。 4．From the four pillars of a meaningful life, we can know that ________. A．nothing is as essential a source of meaning as belonging B．purpose is less about what you want than what you give C．transcendent fades easily and rarely makes us cheerful D．the way of telling stories guarantees a meaningful life 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段可知，找到你的目標(biāo)和找到讓你感到快樂的工作不是一回事，找到目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵在于盡己所能幫助他人。B項“目的性更多是關(guān)于你所給予的，而不是你所渴望得到的”正確。 5．The passage aims to tell us that ________. A．meaning is more important than happiness B．seeking meaning does more good than bad C．chasing happiness can make people unhappy D．meaning has deeper psychological significance 解析：選A　主旨大意題。縱觀全文，作者始終沒有離開對meaning和happiness的討論，也就是說這兩個詞是文中的關(guān)鍵詞，起到總結(jié)全文的作用。選項B、C、D三項均為單方面討論，因此易排除。 C (2019徐州質(zhì)檢)Famous people have a lot of influence on cultural trends, like it or not. However, one trend that seems harmless but is actually damaging, is the pressure on stars to have their photos taken with exotic (奇異的) animals. Famous people who are asked to have photos taken with wild animals for a magazine spread or who do so while on vacation always have good intentions and even love animals. This makes them easy targets for the often greedy amusement parks and illegal animal centers. Kind people are naturally drawn to places that claim (聲稱) to offer exotic animals safety and are eager to see elephants paint, to hug baby bears or to swim with dolphins. However, it turns out that many of these business persons are breeders (飼養(yǎng)動物者), dealers or exhibitors that are using famous peoples goodwill for their own purposes. Many business persons continually keep the animals just so theyll have a constant supply of young animals in order to charge money for photos. Of course, the babies are lovely but they grow fast, and within a few weeks they are too big to handle. Theyll spend the rest of their lives, sometimes decades, in small and empty cages or even be killed. In some Asian countries, elephants are kept in camps. A few camps are working to help elephants in trouble, but the vast majority are not, and training methods are barbaric (野蠻的) and cruel. As soon as the cameras are gone after someone like Prince William has a photo taken with an elephant, the chains go back on. Fans, tell the stars: stay away from exotic animal photos, and the animals will be grateful. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章列舉名人與奇異動物拍照這一現(xiàn)象可能帶來的后果，例如眾人爭相模仿，這會給飼養(yǎng)動物者帶來更多利潤，但會導(dǎo)致很多動物陷入困境。因此，作者呼吁明星們不要再與奇異動物拍照。 6．What does the author intend to do with this passage? A．To show how stars influence cultural trends. B．To urge governments to look into illegal animal centers. C．To persuade stars not to have photos taken with exotic animals. D．To remind people to think about how to treat wild animals kindly. 解析：選C　寫作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段及上文的敘述可知，作者通過列舉名人與奇異動物合照這一行為給動物造成的危害來說服明星們停止這一行為。故選C。