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Unit 3 puters (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．calculator n．　　　　　 計(jì)算器 2．laptop n. 手提電腦 3．revolution n. 革命 4．mathematical adj. 數(shù)學(xué)的 5．designer n. 設(shè)計(jì)師 6．network n. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)；網(wǎng)狀物 7．virus n. 病毒 8．naughty adj. 頑皮的；淘氣的 9．spoil vt. 損壞；寵壞 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形 1．calculate vt. 計(jì)算 2．sum n. 總數(shù)；算術(shù)題；金額 3．technology n．[縱聯(lián)1] 工藝；科技；技術(shù) 4．solve vt. 解決；解答 5．reality n. 真實(shí)；事實(shí)；現(xiàn)實(shí) 6．mobile adj. 可移動(dòng)的；機(jī)動(dòng)的 7．a(chǎn)nyhow adv.[縱聯(lián)2] (也作anyway)無(wú)論如何；即使如此 8．goal n. 目標(biāo)；目的；球門；(進(jìn)球)得分 9．happiness n. 幸福；快樂(lè) 10．signal vi.&vt. n．[縱聯(lián)3] 11．type n. 類型 vt.&vi. 打字 12．a(chǎn)rise vi.[縱聯(lián)4] 出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生 13．character n. 性格；特點(diǎn) 14．coach n. 教練 15．electronic adj. 電子的 16．universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的 17．a(chǎn)rtificial adj. 人造的；假的 18．download vt. 下載 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．operator n．(電腦)操作員；接線員→operate v．操作；經(jīng)營(yíng)→operation n．操作；經(jīng)營(yíng) 2．simplify vt.簡(jiǎn)化→simple adj.簡(jiǎn)單的[縱聯(lián)5] 3．logical adj.合邏輯的；合情理的→logically adv.邏輯上；合邏輯地；有條理地 4．intelligent adj.智能的；聰明的→intelligence n．智力；聰明；智能 5．total adj.總的；整個(gè)的n.總數(shù)；合計(jì) vt.共計(jì)；總計(jì)；把……加起來(lái)→totally adv.完全地；整個(gè)地 6．personal adj.私人的；個(gè)人的；親自的→personally adv.就個(gè)人而言；親自→personality n．個(gè)性；性格；名人 7．a(chǎn)pplication n．應(yīng)用；用途；申請(qǐng)→apply v．應(yīng)用；涉及；申請(qǐng)→applicant n．申請(qǐng)人；求職者 8．finance n．金融；財(cái)經(jīng)→financial adj.財(cái)政的；金融的；資金的 9．explore vt.& vi.探索；探測(cè)；探究→explorer n．探險(xiǎn)家；勘探者→exploration n．勘探；探測(cè)；探險(xiǎn) 10．a(chǎn)ppearance n．外觀；外貌；出現(xiàn)→appear vi.出現(xiàn) 縱聯(lián)1.以ology結(jié)尾高頻名詞一覽 ①technology科技　　　　　 ②biology生物學(xué) ③ecology生態(tài)學(xué) ④geology地理/地質(zhì)學(xué) ⑤psychology心理學(xué) ⑥physiology生理學(xué) 縱聯(lián)2.“不管怎樣，無(wú)論如何”家族 ①anyhow ②anyway ③however ④in any case 縱聯(lián)3.長(zhǎng)相雖相似，不是親兄弟 ①signal n．信號(hào) ②sign n．跡象；符號(hào) ③sigh v．嘆息 ④sight n．視力；情景 ⑤single adj.單個(gè)的；單身的 縱聯(lián)4.ABC式過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞變化 ①arise→arose→arisen ②drive→drove→driven ③ride→rode→ridden ④rise→rose→risen ⑤write→wrote→written 縱聯(lián)5.以“ify”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞薈萃 ①simplify簡(jiǎn)化 ②beautify美化 ③purify凈化 ④identify鑒定；識(shí)別出 ⑤classify分類 ⑥horrify使恐懼 單元話題——計(jì)算機(jī) 子話題1　軟件和硬件 ①keyboard n．鍵盤 ②modem n．調(diào)制解調(diào)器 ③monitor n．顯示器 ④mouse (復(fù)mice) n．鼠標(biāo) ⑤printer n．打印機(jī) ⑥screen n．幕；熒光屏 ⑦software n．軟件 ⑧microputer n．微機(jī) ⑨hardware n. 硬件 ⑩system n．體系；系統(tǒng) ?data n．?dāng)?shù)據(jù)；資料 ?browser n．瀏覽器 子話題2　計(jì)算機(jī)操作 ①search n．&v.搜索 ②copy v．復(fù)制；拷貝 ③surf v．瀏覽 ④click v. 點(diǎn)擊(計(jì)算機(jī)用語(yǔ)) ⑤insert vt. 插入 ⑥delete v．刪去 ⑦boot v．啟動(dòng) ⑧upload vt.上傳 ⑨log v．登錄 ⑩scroll v．上下滾動(dòng) [學(xué)考對(duì)接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用 1．(2014浙江高考閱讀C) These health benefits apply? to the workplace as well.Rachel Kaplan, a professor of environmental psychology，has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural? environments.Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office — even simple? views of trees and flowers — felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying.If lowtech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages. ①寫出加彩詞在本單元中的同根名詞：_application ②寫出natural在本單元中的反義詞：artificial ③寫出simple 在本單元中的同根動(dòng)詞：_simplify_ 2．(2014湖北高考閱讀C) This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality? plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things.The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (認(rèn)知的)tasks not because they aren’t clever? enough 　?　 (solve) them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information. ①寫出personality在本單元中的同根形容詞：personal ②寫出加彩詞在本單元的同義詞：intelligent，其名詞形式為intelligence, artificial intelligence意為人工智能 ③用solve的適當(dāng)形式填空：to_solve 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用 (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)及提示詞翻譯句子) 1．(2014安徽高考書(shū)面表達(dá)) 每個(gè)人都會(huì)遇到像你這樣的問(wèn)題。如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題非常重要，這里有一些建議。(solve) Everybody_will_meet_such_a_problem_like_you._How_to_solve_it_is_very_important_and_here_is_some_advice. 2．(2013北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))我認(rèn)為這幅圖是在告訴我們通常夢(mèng)想和現(xiàn)實(shí)之間是有區(qū)別的。(reality) I_think_the_picture_is_telling_us_that_there_is_usually_a_difference_between_one’s_dream_and_reality. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 1．solve vt.解決；解答 [記牢] (1)solve problems　　　　　　 解決問(wèn)題 (2)solution n. 解決辦法；處理手段 a/the solution to sth. ……的解決方法 [練通]　單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①(2017北京高考)Solving (solve) the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. ②With most of the problems solved (solve), I felt a great weight taken off my mind. ③It may take a long time to find a solution (solve) to the problem. [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ④為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我和我的朋友一心想要給學(xué)校寫點(diǎn)建議。 In_order_to_solve_the_problem,_I, together with my friends, am bent on writing some suggestions to our school. 2. signal vi.&vt.發(fā)信號(hào)n.信號(hào) [記牢] (1)signal to sb.to do sth.　　　　　 示意某人做某事 signal (to sb.) that ... 示意(某人)…… (2)a traffic signal 交通信號(hào) send out a signal 發(fā)出信號(hào) [練通]　單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①She signaled that she was about to turn left. ②As soon as he sat down at the table, he signaled to the waiter to bring the menu. ③(2015浙江高考)Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. [寫美]　句式升級(jí) The bell rang, and signaled that school was over. →④The bell rang, which_signaled_that_school_was_over.(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句) →⑤The bell rang, signaling_that_school_was_over.(分詞作狀語(yǔ)) 3．a(chǎn)rise vi.(arose, arisen, arising)出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；引起；產(chǎn)生；起身；起床 [辨清]　寫出下列句中arise的含義 ①Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身 ②New problems will arise one after another in the future.出現(xiàn) ③They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床 ④Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting？產(chǎn)生 [記牢] (1)arise from＝arise out of　 　 由……引起/產(chǎn)生； 從……中產(chǎn)生 (2)arise from one’s chair/seat 從椅子/座位上站起來(lái) [練通]　 補(bǔ)全句子 ⑤As is known to all, emotional or mental problems can_arise_from_a physical cause. 眾所周知，身體上的原因可以引起情緒或精神上的問(wèn)題。 [用準(zhǔn)]　arise為不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生”時(shí)，主語(yǔ)一般為argument, difficulty, misunderstanding, problem, quarrel, trouble等抽象名詞，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑥(2015江蘇高考書(shū)面表達(dá))開(kāi)車時(shí)你越小心越好。事故往往是由疏忽大意造成的。 You_can’t_be_too_careful_while_driving._Accidents_often_arise_from_carelessness. [詞匯過(guò)關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Seeing their favourite star e in, the devoted fans arose (起身) from their seats immediately. 2．The policeman scolded the driver for turning without a signal (信號(hào))． 3．Her childhood dream became a reality (現(xiàn)實(shí)) when she broke the world record. 4．The software downloaded (下載) on the Internet must be installed properly. 5．It is wellknown that overpopulation is a universal (普遍的) problem. 6．I haven’t calculated (計(jì)算；估算) the cost that we will spend in travelling. 7．When the puter is stopped in this way, it can only be restarted by the operator (操作員)． 8．I think happiness (幸福) depends on our attitude towards life. Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．Personally (person), I think the best present is not necessarily the most expensive one. 2．We should not judge a person by his appearance (appear) but people make that mistake from time to time. 3．This question is too difficult for the children. I think we’d better find a way to simplify (simple) it. 4．It’s like learning a totally (total) new language. 5．When a person writes, he must organize his mind to express his ideas and feelings more logically (logical)． 6．It is universally (universal) believed that puters have entered the ordinary people’s homes. 7．A man stood up and crossed his arms over his head, signalling (signal) that he was strongly opposed. 8．Have you filled in the application (apply) form for a new passport? 9．Dozens of unexplained mysteries exist in the world, which keeps the explorers (explore) puzzled. 10．When it es to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence (intelligent) and not be a slave to them! Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子/一句多譯 1．說(shuō)實(shí)話，我對(duì)如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題感到困惑。(solve) To be honest, Im at a loss how_to_solve_the_problem. 2．會(huì)議結(jié)束了，他示意該走了。(signal) The meeting was over; he_signaled_that_it_was_time_to_leave. 3．休息時(shí)，他開(kāi)始處理課上出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。(arise) ①At break, he got down to dealing with the matters arising_from_his_class.(分詞作定語(yǔ)) ②At break, he got down to dealing with the matters which_arose_from_his_class.(定語(yǔ)從句) Ⅳ.語(yǔ)境辨義 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出名詞character的詞義 (A)角色；人物　　　　　　 (B)品質(zhì)；性格 (C)特色；特性；特點(diǎn) (D)文字 1．Kindness and violence can shape ones character.__B__ 2．They are the two main characters in the play.__A__ 3．—The town is so beautiful! I just love it. —Me too. The character of the town is well preserved.__C__ 4．There are 80,000 Chinese characters, most of which are seldom used today.__D__ (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) 1．from_..._on　　　　　　　　 從……時(shí)起 2．in_a_way_ 在某種程度上 3．with_the_help_of 在……的幫助下 4．deal_with 處理；安排；對(duì)付；應(yīng)付 5．watch_over 看守；監(jiān)視；照管 6．provide_..._with_... 給……提供…… 7．have_..._in_mon 有……共同之處 8．share_..._with_... [串記1] 與……分享…… 9．a(chǎn)s_a_result 結(jié)果 10．make_up 彌補(bǔ)；編造；打扮；構(gòu)成 11．a(chǎn)fter_all 　　　　 [串記2] 畢竟；終究 12．make_good_use_of 充分利用 [同根短語(yǔ)串記](méi) 串記1.都與“with”交朋友 ①share ... with ... 與……分享…… ②cover ... with ... 用……覆蓋…… ③equip ... with ... 用……裝備…… ④mix ... with ... 把……和……混合 ⑤connect ... with ... 把……與……連接起來(lái) ⑥provide ...with ... 給……提供…… 串記2.all相關(guān)短語(yǔ)薈萃 ①after all畢竟 ②in all總共；總計(jì) ③above all首先；最重要的是 ④first of all首先 ⑤all in all總的來(lái)說(shuō) ⑥not at all一點(diǎn)也不 1．over time 隨著時(shí)間的推移 2．a(chǎn)rtificial intelligence 人工智能 3．in the_early 1960s 在20世紀(jì)60年代初 4．help with medical operations 幫助做醫(yī)療手術(shù) 5．a(chǎn) life of high quality 高質(zhì)量的生活 6．a(chǎn) devoted friend 一個(gè)忠實(shí)的朋友 7．tell stories 講故事 8．win second place 贏得第二名 1．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years_before_I_was_built_as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我發(fā)育緩慢，差不多到了兩百年之后，查爾斯巴比奇才把我制成了一臺(tái)分析機(jī)。 2．As_time_went_by,_I was made smaller. 隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我被做得更小了。 3．And my memory became so_large_that even I couldn’t believe it！我的存儲(chǔ)量變得如此之大，以至于我自己都不能相信！ 4．She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while_watching_human_games.她把觀看人類比賽時(shí)所看到的一切可能動(dòng)作編入我們的程序。 [學(xué)考對(duì)接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　完形中的短語(yǔ)(補(bǔ)全句子) 1．(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅱ完形填空) Powerful, yes, but not always accurate. For years I dealt_with (與……打交道) my travel agent only by phone. 2．(2013廣東高考完形填空)It seems that number sense is something we have in_mon_with_(與……相同) many animals in this world, and that our human ability is not much better than a crow’s. 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的短語(yǔ)和句式 (補(bǔ)全句子/詞匯升級(jí)) 1．(2015廣東高考寫作)在我看來(lái)，在我們老師的幫助下我們把組織一些課外活動(dòng)成為一項(xiàng)規(guī)定會(huì)更好。 In my opinion, it is better to make it a rule that we organize some afterclass activities regularly with_the_help_of our teachers. 2．(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書(shū)面表達(dá))As I know, you are good at taking pictures. Therefore (＝As_a_result), I’m writing to you to invite you to participate.(用本單元短語(yǔ)替換加黑詞) 3．(20186月浙江高考寫作)當(dāng)我在一家旅行社作兼職工作時(shí)，我積累了一些相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句) I accumulated some related experience as_I_worked_parttime_in_a_travel_agency. 4．(2016北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))我們做得很好，因此我們被邀請(qǐng)與我們學(xué)校的所有學(xué)生分享我們的想法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(so ... that ...) We did so_well_that_we_were_invited_to_share_our_idea_and_experience_with all the students of our school. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 [短語(yǔ)集釋] 1．a(chǎn)s a result結(jié)果 [記牢] (1)as a result of　　　　　　 因?yàn)?；由? (2)result in 導(dǎo)致；造成 result from 由……造成；起因于 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. ②Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 He was too careless; as a result, he failed the English test. →③He failed the English test as_a_result_of_carelessness. →④His carelessness_resulted_in his failure in the English test. →⑤His failure in the English test resulted_from his carelessness. [用準(zhǔn)]　(1)as a result意為“因此，結(jié)果”，是介詞短語(yǔ)，常作狀語(yǔ)。(2)as a result of意為“由于”，是介詞短語(yǔ)，表示原因，只能接名詞/代詞/動(dòng)名詞及what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。 [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ⑥(2016北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))鄭和在海上航行了28年，到過(guò)30多個(gè)國(guó)家。因此，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展得更快，中國(guó)被世界上更多的人所知。 Zheng He spent 28 years on the ocean journeys and went to more than thirty countries. As_a_result,_China’s_economy_developed_faster_and_China_was_known_by_more_people_in_the_world. 2．in a way在某種程度上；從某一角度看 [記牢] all the way　　　　　　　 一路上；自始至終；完全 by the way 順便說(shuō)一下 in no way 一點(diǎn)也不；決不(位于句首時(shí)， 句子應(yīng)使用部分倒裝) in this way 用這種方法 in the way 擋道；礙事 on the way 在途中 [練通] 選用上述短語(yǔ)填空 ①In_a_way,_the puter plays a more and more important role in our life and work. ②Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always in_the_way whenever she tries to. ③He decided that he would drive_all_the_way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night. 補(bǔ)全句子 ④In no way should_you_lose_heart_when you are faced with difficulties. 面對(duì)困難時(shí)，你決不應(yīng)該失去信心。 [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑤只有用這種方式他們才能獨(dú)立成長(zhǎng)、真正成功。 Only_in_this_way_can_they_grow_up_to_be_independent_and_bee_truly_successful. 3. deal with處理；安排；對(duì)付；應(yīng)付；論及；涉及；與……打交道；做買賣 [辨清]　寫出下列句中deal with的含義 ①As a child, he never left his parents, so he didn’t get used to dealing with everything in school independently.處理；應(yīng)付 ②His article deals with many issues we are greatly concerned about.論及；涉及 ③His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.與……打交道 [記牢] (1)deal in　　　　　　　 經(jīng)營(yíng) make a deal 成交；達(dá)成交易 (2)do with sth. 處理某事 [練通] 　補(bǔ)全句子 ④I don’t know how to deal_with the man dealing_in second cars. Can you tell me what to do_with my old car? 我不知道如何與那個(gè)買賣二手車的人打交道。你能告訴我如何處理我的那輛舊車嗎？ [用準(zhǔn)]　deal with表示“處理”時(shí)，常與疑問(wèn)詞how連用；do with表示“處理”時(shí)，常與疑問(wèn)詞what連用。 [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ⑤(2015浙江高考書(shū)面表達(dá))對(duì)于組織班級(jí)活動(dòng)我們或許有不同的觀點(diǎn)。我們也許有不同的方法來(lái)解決這一情況。 We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. We may have_various_ways_to_deal_with_such_a_situation. [句式集釋] 1．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句 [教材原句]　As_time_went_by,_I was made smaller. [悟拓展例句] (1)As time went on/by, he contented himself with a simple life. ＝With_time_going_on/by,_he contented himself with a simple life. 隨著時(shí)間的流逝，他滿足于過(guò)簡(jiǎn)樸的生活。 (2)I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao”， just as_I_might_do_in_China. 我離他們足夠近能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他們正在說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)，并且我像在中國(guó)可能做的那樣說(shuō)了聲“你好”。 (3)(2017天津高考書(shū)面表達(dá))As_I_was_busy_preparing_for_my_final_exam,_I didn’t reply to your email as soon as I received it.因?yàn)槲艺χ鴾?zhǔn)備期末考試，我沒(méi)有一收到電子郵件就給你回復(fù)。 (4)Child_as_he_is,_he knows how to help others. 他雖是個(gè)孩子，卻知道如何幫助別人。 (5)(2015福建高考)The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as_enthusiastic_as ever. 這次失敗對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)大的打擊，但是他并未感到沮喪并且很快變得和以前一樣充滿熱情。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 as作連詞，有以下用法： (1) “當(dāng)……時(shí)候；一邊……一邊……；隨著”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 (2)“按照……的方式(辦法)；如同……”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。 (3)“因?yàn)?；既然”，引?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 (4)“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 (5)引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句，常用于as ... as ... 句型，意為“像……一樣……”(第一個(gè)as是副詞，第二個(gè)as是連詞)。 注意事項(xiàng) (1)當(dāng)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句使用部分倒裝，即將形容詞、副詞、名詞、動(dòng)詞等放于as前面；單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞提前時(shí)應(yīng)該省掉冠詞。 (2)with意為“隨著”時(shí)是介詞，后接名詞或代詞等構(gòu)成with短語(yǔ)或with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 [背寫作佳句] (1)As the summer break is approaching, I will be free for almost three months.(開(kāi)頭句) (2)I think you look great as you are, and you’re a wonderful person.(要點(diǎn)句) 2．so/such ... that ...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 [教材原句]　And my memory became so_large_that even I couldn’t believe it! [悟拓展例句] (1)(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)I was so_nervous_that I could hardly tell which direction was left. 我非常緊張，幾乎不知道哪個(gè)方向是左邊。 (2)As can be seen from the picture, a boy is burdened with such_heavy_homework_that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more. 正如圖畫上所看到的一樣，一個(gè)男孩肩負(fù)著那么沉重的作業(yè)以至于他看上去好像再也承受不住了。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)so ... that ... “如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。其句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)為： (2)such ... that ... “如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。其句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)為： 注意事項(xiàng) 在“so ...that ...”和“such ... that ...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)“so＋adj./adv.”及“such ...”放在句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。例如： So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others. [背寫作佳句] (1)(2018江蘇高考書(shū)面表達(dá))Everyone is faced with such wonderful modities every day that they find they are difficult to choose from.(要點(diǎn)句) (2)(2018北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))So fast is Beijing developing that you can never imagine what it will be like next year.(要點(diǎn)句) [詞塊、句式過(guò)關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.選詞填空 1．They quarreled the other day but made_up soon. 2．With_the_help_of local media, he has already found 32 time twins from 13 countries, of whom there are 17 males and 15 females. 3．I’m going to deliver a speech about how to deal_with troubles. 4．They use specially trained dogs to_watch_over their sheep at night. 5．What he said at the meeting was reasonable in_a_way. 6．Don’t blame him for breaking that vase; after_all he is still a child. Ⅱ.一句多譯 1．隨著社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)和朋友聚會(huì)的時(shí)間變少了。 ①As_the_society_develops_rapidly,_we find less time to gather with our friends.(as) ②With_the_society_developing_rapidly,_we find less time to gather with our friends.(with) 2．因?yàn)樵絹?lái)越多的汽車，空氣質(zhì)量變得更糟。(result) ①There are more and more cars._As_a_result,_air quality is getting worse. ②As_a_result_of more and more cars, air quality is getting worse. ③More and more cars have resulted_in air quality’s getting worse. ④That air quality is getting worse results_from more and more cars. 3．天氣非常寒冷，以至于街上沒(méi)有人。 ①It was so_cold_a_day_that there was nobody on the street.(so) ②It was such_a_cold_day_that there was nobody on the street.(such) ③Such_a_cold_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(such倒裝句) ④So_cold_a_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(so倒裝句) Ⅲ.概要寫作 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。 Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school, I was driving to my parents home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City. While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款臺(tái)), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas. I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple. They said they would take me.We chatted and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.I wrote them a thankyou note.Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful. Years later, I drove to a meeting in the morning.In the late afternoon I found that Id left the lights on all day, and the battery was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom. “Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble.They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.They would accept no payment, so later, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever written him to say “thank you”， and it meant a lot, he said. “Thank you” — two powerful words. Theyre easy to say and mean so much. [寫作步驟] 第一步：歸納主旨大意 主旨大意：本篇為記敘文，作者用自己兩次親身經(jīng)歷說(shuō)明向別人表示感謝的重要性。 短文結(jié)構(gòu)分析：全文分為三個(gè)部分。 第一部分(第一、二段)：作者與一對(duì)夫婦偶遇，當(dāng)車出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)得到那對(duì)夫婦的幫助，作者表示感謝，那對(duì)夫婦說(shuō)給予幫助讓他們的假日過(guò)得有意義。 第二部分(第三、四段)：作者的車出現(xiàn)故障，得到修理人員的無(wú)償幫助，作者寫信表示感謝，他們回信說(shuō)這對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)很重要。 第三部分(第五段)：表示感謝非常重要。 第二步：提煉關(guān)鍵詞 Part 1： 1.A_couple_offered_the_author_help when black smoke poured from the back of his car. 2．The author wrote_a_thankyou_note to the couple. 3．The couple said that helping the author had made their_holidays_meaningful. Part 2： 4.Two_salesmen_gave_the_author_a_hand when there was something wrong with his car. 5．The_author wrote them a note to say_thanks. 6．One of the salesmen wrote back, saying it meant_a_lot. Part 3： 7.Saying_“thank_you” was easy but meant_so_much. 第三步：合并和改寫 1．要點(diǎn)1和4 合并：The author told us two of his experiences of being helped by the strangers, who had given him a hand when there was something wrong with his car. 改寫：In this passage, the author described two of his experiences where_he_was_helped by the strangers, who had given him a hand when there was something wrong with his car. 2．要點(diǎn)2和5 合并：During the two experiences, the author wrote thankyou notes to the strangers. 改寫：During the two experiences, the author expressed his_thanks_to the strangers. 3．要點(diǎn)3、6和7 合并：Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but meant so much. 改寫：Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but very_meaningful. 第四步：核查成文 核查連貫性，優(yōu)先考慮使用最短連接詞；核查標(biāo)點(diǎn)和語(yǔ)法；核查詞數(shù)。最終成文如下： In_this_passage,_the_author_described_two_of_his_experiences_where_he_was_helped_by_the_strangers,_who_had_given_him_a_hand_when_there_was_something_wrong_with_his_car._(要點(diǎn)1)And during the two experiences, the author expressed his thanks to the strangers. (要點(diǎn)2)Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but very meaningful.(要點(diǎn)3) 理清文體結(jié)構(gòu)之(八)　記敘文之倒敘——“本末倒置”留懸念 倒敘是根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要，把