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Unit 1 Great scientists (一)課前自主學習 Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．characteristic n．　　　　　　 特征；特性 2．radium n. 鐳 3．a(chǎn)nalyse vt. 分析 4．physician n. 醫(yī)生；內(nèi)科醫(yī)師 5．outbreak n. 爆發(fā)；發(fā)作(尤指疾病或戰(zhàn)爭) 6．victim n. 受害者 7．enquiry n. 詢問 8．neighbourhood n. 附近；鄰近 9．pump n. 泵；抽水機 vt. (用泵)抽(水) 10．firework n. 煙火(燃放) 11．chart n. 圖表 12．movement n．[縱聯(lián)1] 移動；運動；動作 Ⅱ.重點單詞——————寫其形 1．defeat vt. 打敗；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫 n. 失敗 2．expert adj. 熟練的；經(jīng)驗或知識豐富的 n. 專家；行家 3．a(chǎn)ttend vt.[縱聯(lián)2] 照顧；護理；出席；參加 4．expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光 5．cure n. 治愈；痊愈；治療方法 vt. 治愈；治療 6．a(chǎn)bsorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使專心 7．suspect vt. 認為；懷疑 n. 被懷疑者；嫌疑犯 8．foresee vt. 預見；預知 9．blame vt. 責備；譴責 n. 過失；責備 10．handle n. vt.[縱聯(lián)3] 11．link vt.&n. 連接；聯(lián)系 12．positive adj.[縱聯(lián)4] 積極的；肯定的；確實的 13．enthusiastic adj. 熱情的；熱心的 14．severe adj. 嚴重的；劇烈的；嚴厲的 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．challenge n．挑戰(zhàn) vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)→challenging adj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的 2．cautious adj.小心的；謹慎的→caution n．小心；警告 3．pollute vt.污染；弄臟→pollution n．污染 4．instruct vt.命令；指示；教導→instruction n．用法說明；指示；指導 5．conclude vt.&vi.結(jié)束；推斷出→conclusion n．結(jié)論；結(jié)束 6．contribute vt.&vi.捐獻；貢獻；捐助→contribution n．貢獻 7．reject vt.拒絕；不接受；拋棄→rejection n．拒絕；拋棄 8．scientific adj.科學的→science n．科學→scientist n．科學家 9．a(chǎn)nnounce vt.宣布；通告→announcement n．通知；宣告→announcer n．播音員；宣告者 10．construct vt.建設(shè)；修建→construction n．建設(shè)；建筑物 11．painter n．畫家；油漆匠→paint v．繪畫；涂→painting n．油畫；水彩畫 12．universe n．宇宙；世界→universal adj.普遍的；宇宙的→universally adv.普遍地 縱聯(lián)1.后綴ment構(gòu)成的抽象名詞集錦 ①movement移動；運動 ②development發(fā)展 ③disappointment失望 ④excitement興奮 ⑤improvement改善 ⑥treatment對待 ⑦judgment判斷 縱聯(lián)2.“照看/照顧某人”的多種表達 ①attend to/on/upon sb. ②care for sb. ③take care of sb. ④look after sb. ⑤watch over sb. ⑥see after sb. 縱聯(lián)3.名詞兼作動詞的高頻詞匯聚焦 ①handle n．把手→vt.處理 ②nurse n．護士→vt.護理 ③face n．臉→vt.面對 ④defeat n．失敗→vt.打??；戰(zhàn)勝 ⑤drink n．飲料→vt.喝；飲 縱聯(lián)4.發(fā)表你的“觀點；態(tài)度” ①positive積極的 ②negative消極的 ③subjective主觀的 ④objective客觀的 ⑤doubtful懷疑的 ⑥critical批評的 單元話題——偉大的科學家 子話題1　各類科學家 ①physicist n．物理學家 ②astronomer n．天文學家 ③chemist n．化學家；藥劑師 ④technologist n．技術(shù)專家 ⑤mathematician n．數(shù)學家 ⑥biologist n．生物學家 ⑦inventor n．發(fā)明家 ⑧geographer n．地理學家 ⑨zoologist n．動物學家 ⑩botanist n．植物學家 子話題2　工作職責與資格 ①certificate n．　　　　 證明；證(明)書 ②qualification n. 資格；學歷 ③qualify vt.&vi. (使)具有資格；(使)具備合格條件 ④invent vt. 發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造 ⑤qualified adj. 有資格的 ⑥r(nóng)esponsibility n. 責任；負責 ⑦undertake vt. 承擔；從事；負責 ⑧charge vt. 負責；主管 [學考對接活學活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應用 1．(2011安徽高考閱讀B)During the 1970s, people started being concerned about the pollution? that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global __?__ (move) to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind. ①寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根動詞：pollute；“環(huán)境污染”表達為environmental pollution ②用move的適當形式填空：movement 2．(2016北京高考閱讀C)Lead poisoning has proved more difficult to deal with?. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb? large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney (腎) failure and death. ①寫出加黑詞在本單元的近義詞：handle，意為“處理” ②選擇absorb在句中的含義：__A__ A．吸收　　B．理解　　C．吸引 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應用 (根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯/補全句子) 1．(2017全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)提前了解唐朝的歷史有助于你理解將要學習的唐詩。(contribute) Knowing_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance_will_contribute_to_your_understanding_the_Tang_poems_to_be_learned. 2．(2016天津高考書面表達)總之，我們在這項活動中受益匪淺。(conclusion) In_conclusion,_we_have_benefited_a_lot_from_the_activity. 3．(2018北京高考書面表達)被我的一舉一動所吸引，外國學生對這種獨特的文化感到驚奇，他們情不自禁地不時拍照。(absorb) Absorbed_by_my_every_move,_the foreign students were amazed by this unique culture and they couldn’t help taking pictures from time to time. (二)課堂重點釋疑 1．conclude vt.&vi.推斷出；結(jié)束；達成；締結(jié) [記牢] (1)conclude　　　 conclude sth. 以……結(jié)束…… to conclude 最后 (2)conclusion n. 結(jié)論；結(jié)束 e to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 in conclusion 總而言之 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①He concluded his speech with a famous saying，“Where there is a will, there is a way.” ②I’ve e to the conclusion (conclude) that he’s not the right person for the job. ③In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise. [寫美]　一句多譯 我從我自己的經(jīng)歷中得出結(jié)論：患難見真情。 ④I drew_a_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that_a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclusion) ⑤I concluded_from_my_own_experiences_that_a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclude) [聯(lián)想]　表示“總而言之”的其他表達還有：in short, in brief, in a word, all in all, to sum up, briefly (speaking), on the whole等。 2．a(chǎn)ttend vt.出席；參加；照顧；護理vi.專心；留意 [記牢] (1)attend a meeting/a lecture/a wedding/class 　　　　 　　 參加會議/聽講座/參加婚禮/上課 (2)attend on/upon sb. 伺候某人；照顧某人 attend to 處理；傾聽；專心于；照顧 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①As a daughter, I feel it my duty to attend on/upon my sick mother. ②As far as I know, the patients are well attended (attend) in the hospital. ③I can’t go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to attend to. [寫美]　補全句子 ④于是我下定決心參加那些會議并學習我能學習的一切。 I then made it a point to attend_those_meetings_and_learn_all_I_could. 3．expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面臨 [記牢] (1)expose ...to ...　　 暴露……給……；使……接觸…… expose oneself to ... 使自己面臨……；使自己暴露于…… (2)be exposed to 遭受到；(使)接觸到 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①Some people think we shouldn’t expose the children to playing (play) puter games. ②Being_exposed (expose) to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin. ③(2015四川高考)And the more birds_are_exposed (expose) to light, the more active they are at night. [用準]　及物動詞expose后若無賓語，則常常使用它的被動形式；在expose ...to ...以及be exposed to結(jié)構(gòu)中，to為介詞，其后要用名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。 [寫美]　句式升級 ④When children are exposed to difficult situations, they are better at handling challenging situations. →Exposed_to_difficult_situations,_children are better at handling challenging situations. (分詞作狀語) 4．challenge n．挑戰(zhàn)vt.向……挑戰(zhàn) [記牢] (1)face the challenge　　　　　　 面對挑戰(zhàn) accept/take up a challenge 接受挑戰(zhàn) (2)challenge sb.to sth. 向某人挑戰(zhàn)某事 challenge sb.to do sth. 向某人挑戰(zhàn)做某事 (3)challenging adj. 具有挑戰(zhàn)性的 challenged adj. 受到挑戰(zhàn)的 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①I want to challenge him to a game of basketball. ②Teaching young children is a challenging (challenge) and rewarding job. ③(2018全國卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged (challenge)． [用準]　challenge本身已含有“向……；對……”的意義，因而不要再加多余的to。 向某人挑戰(zhàn) [寫美]　翻譯句子 ④在即將到來的三年里，我們的學校生活將具有挑戰(zhàn)性。 In_the_ing_three_years,_our_school_life_will_be_challenging._ 5．a(chǎn)bsorb vt.吸收；吸引；使專心；吞并；理解；掌握 [辨清]　寫出下列句中absorb的含義 ①Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.吞并 ②After absorbing enough water, the plants grow well.吸收 ③I keep the lesson simple because the students can’t absorb that much.理解 [記牢] (1)absorb one’s attention　　　 吸引某人的注意力 absorb ...into ... 把……吸收進…… absorb oneself in ... 專心于；全神貫注于 absorb ... from ... 從……中吸收…… (2)absorbed adj. 全神貫注的 (be) absorbed in ... 全神貫注于…… [練通]　單句語法填空 ④(2016北京高考)However, when something did interest me, I could bee absorbed (absorb)． ⑤As we all know, plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air. [寫美]　一句多譯 湯姆如此專心于工作以至于他忘了告知我會議的時間。 ⑥Tom was_so_absorbed_in_his_work that he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(absorbed) ⑦So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_work that he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(so ...that ...引導的倒裝句) ⑧Absorbed_in_his_work,_Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(形容詞短語作狀語) 6．blame vt.責備；譴責；把……歸咎于n.過失；責備 [記牢] (1)blame sb.for sth./doing sth. 　　　　　 為某事責備某人/責備某人做了某事 blame sth.on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人 be to blame (for)應(為……) 承擔責任/受責備 (2)put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.　 將某事歸咎于某人 take the blame (for)應(為……) 承擔責任/受責備 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①She blamed her husband for the failure of their marriage. ②She blamed the failure of their marriage on her husband. ③(2018江蘇高考)Some social app panies were to_blame (blame) because they didn’t adequately check their users’ registration. ④(2017全國卷Ⅲ)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame_on_the alarm clock. [用準]　be to blame短語中blame不能用被動形式，該短語為主動形式表示被動含義。 [寫美]　一句多譯 誠實地說，李華應該為這次沖突負責。 ⑤To be honest, Li Hua is_to_blame_for the conflict. (blame v．) ⑥Honestly speaking, Li Hua should_take_the_blame_for the conflict. (blame n．) 7．contribute vt.&vi.捐獻；貢獻；捐助 [記牢] (1)contribute sth. to ...　　　　　 把某物捐獻給…… contribute to 有助于；導致；投稿 (2)contribution n. 捐獻；貢獻；稿件 make a contribution/contributions to 對……做出貢獻 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①(2017江蘇高考)Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. ②Your contribution (contribute) will certainly make the event a huge success. ③In conclusion, everyone should make contributions to protecting (protect) the environment. 寫出加彩詞的含義 ④(2015全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)If you want to contribute to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline.投稿 [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑤(2017北京高考書面表達)那些在電腦方面有天分的人有助于制作視頻。 Those_who_were_talented_in_puter_contributed_to_making_the_video. [詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓練]　 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Researchers find cures (治療方法) for certain diseases often by using the forests’ plants and animals. 2．He made an apology to me for his not attending (參加) the concert on time. 3．(2017江蘇高考)Many Chinese brands, having developed their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges (挑戰(zhàn)) from the modern market. 4．Our team was defeated (打敗) last night, which made us sad and disappointed. 5．The students must learn to handle (處理) those urgent cases in the summer camp. 6．If you have a positive (積極的) attitude towards your work, you will feel happy. 7．William tried to join the basketball club but was rejected (拒絕) because of his poor health. 8．Blamed (責備) for the breakdown of the school puter network, Alice was in low spirits. 9．Children, when exposed (暴露) to an Englishspeaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily. 10．I read the letter once again, trying to absorb (理解) its contents. Ⅱ.單句語法填空 1．Do remember you must read the instructions (instruct) before taking the medicine. 2．From these facts we can draw some conclusions (conclude) about how the pyramids were built. 3．(2017全國卷Ⅲ) He said the lucky woman will be_announced (announce) on the website and the trip will be shared online. 4．Because of the severe pollution (pollute), the water in the river is too dirty to drink. 5．We will have to adopt a more scientific (science) approach to preserving the traditional customs. 6．As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to_handle (handle) the problem. 7．When asked about his dream, Jack says he wants to be a_painter (paint) when he grows up. 8．When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, absorbed (absorb) in conversation. Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補全句子/一句多譯 1．治好他病的那位醫(yī)生非常有經(jīng)驗。(cure) The doctor who cured_him_of_his_illness was very experienced. 2．我是一名中國學生，我打算在假期去英國參加一個暑期學習班。(attend) I am a Chinese student and I plan to go to Britain to_attend_a_summer_school during the vacation. 3．(2018全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)總之，我相信你們會從這部影片中獲益匪淺。(conclude) In_conclusion,_I believe that you can benefit a lot from the film. 4．(2015重慶高考寫作)只有用這種方法我們才能為我們的家庭和社會做出巨大貢獻。(contribution) Only in this way can_we_make_great_contributions_to our family and our society. 5．他把考試失敗歸咎于老師。 ①He_blamed_the_failure_of_his_exam_on_the_teacher. (blame ...on) ②He_blamed_the_teacher_for_the_failure_of_his_exam. (blame ...for) ③He_put/laid_the_blame_for_the_failure_of_his_exam_on_the_teacher. (blame n．) Ⅳ.語境辨義 根據(jù)語境選出動詞attend的詞義 1．On his deathbed the General was attended by several doctors.__C__ 2．You know, my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting.__B__ 3．She hadnt been attending during the lesson.__A__ (一)課前自主學習 1．put_forward　　　　　　　 提出 2．draw_a_conclusion 得出結(jié)論 3．expose_..._to [串記1] 使顯露；暴露 4．link_..._to_... [串記2] 將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來 5．a(chǎn)part_from 除……之外；此外 6．make_sense 講得通；有意義 7．(be)_strict_with_... 對……嚴格的 8．be_to_blame 應受責備；應承擔責任 9．look_into 調(diào)查 10．lead_to [串記3] 導致；通向 11．die_of/from 死于 [同根短語串記] 串記1.“動詞＋ (n.)＋to”短語薈萃 ①expose ...to 使顯露；暴露 ②add ...to 增添；增加 ③pare ...to 把……比作 ④devote ...to 把……奉獻于 ⑤supply ...to 為……提供 串記2.由link ...to ...聯(lián)想到的 ①connect ...with ... 把……和……連接起來 ②tie ...to ... 把……拴到…… ③mix ...with ... 把……和……混合起來 ④bine ...with ... 把……和……結(jié)合起來 ⑤attach ...to ... 把……系到/縛到…… 串記3.“引起；導致；有助于”聚焦 ①lead to ②cause ③result in ④bring about ⑤contribute to 1．slow down_ 慢下來；減速 2．be responsible for 對……負責 3．be determined to do sth. 決定做某事 4．be enthusiastic about 熱衷于；對……充滿熱情 5．personal physician 私人醫(yī)生 6．face the challenge 面對挑戰(zhàn) 7．gather_ information 收集信息 8．the cause_ of the disease 疾病的起因 1．Neither_its_cause_nor its cure was understood. 人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。 2．So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak. 所以每次爆發(fā)霍亂時，都有成千上萬驚恐的人病死。 3．Only_if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清楚。 [學考對接活學活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的短語(補全句子) 1．(2017天津高考閱讀表達)In the years of my growing up, Dad was_strict_with_me (對我嚴格)． 2．(2016全國卷Ⅲ完形填空)We went 101 and I was named most valuable player, but I often had crazy dreams in which I was_to_blame (應該負責任) for Miller’s accident. 3．(2014全國卷Ⅰ完形填空)As a general rule, all forms of activity lead_to (導致) boredom when they are performed on a routine (常規(guī)) basis. 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的短語和句式 (詞匯升級/補全句子) 1．(2018天津高考書面表達)The training schedule, besides regular training, includes joining in a variety of activities, such as participating in some national petitions.(用本單元短語替換加黑詞匯)apart_from 2．(2015湖南高考寫作)他在全班面前說，只有我們把心放在學習上我們才能取得大的進步。(only if) He said before the whole class that only if we put our heart into our lessons could we make great progress. 3．(201711月浙江高考寫作)每次我們野營，媽媽都會讀一本書或者唱一首柔和的歌。(every time) Every_time_we_camped,_Mom would read a book or sing a soft song. (二)課堂重點釋疑 [短語集釋] 1．put forward提出(建議)；推薦；將……提前；將(鐘表等)向前撥 [辨清]　寫出下列句中put forward的含義 ①(2016天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.提出 ②I think he is fit for the position; therefore, I’ll put him forward as a candidate.推薦 ③They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.將……提前 [記牢] put aside　　　　 節(jié)?。粌π?；儲存；留出 put away 放好；積蓄 put off 延期；推遲 put up 舉起；張貼；建立；提供食宿 put through 接通電話；完成；使經(jīng)受 [練通]　選用上述短語填空 ④Encourage children to_put_aside some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents. ⑤It was because of the bad weather that the football match was_put_off. [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑥(2017北京高考書面表達)在我們實施這項計劃之前，同學們提出了不同的想法。 Before_we_carried_out_the_plan,_various_ideas_were/had_been_put_forward_by_my_classmates. 2．make sense有意義；有道理；講得通 [記牢] (1)make sense of　　　 理解；明白 make no sense 沒道理；沒意義 (2)in a sense 在某一方面；就某種意義來說 in no sense 決不(位于句首時用部分倒裝) (3)there is no/little sense in doing sth.　 做某事沒道理 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①As far as I’m concerned, there is no sense in getting (get) upset about it now. ②In no sense should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later. 補全句子 ③See, your puter has broken down again! It doesn’t make_sense to buy the cheapest brand of puter just to save a few dollars. 看，你的電腦又壞了！僅為了節(jié)省幾美元而買最便宜品牌的電腦不明智。 ④Planning so far ahead makes_no_sense — so many things will have changed by next year. 提前這么久計劃沒有意義——到明年許多事情都會發(fā)生變化。 [寫美]　詞匯升級 ⑤There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly understand them at all.(升級加黑詞匯) →There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make_sense_of_them at all. [句式集釋] 1．neither ...nor ...“既不……也不……” [教材原句]　Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. [悟拓展例句] (1)(2016江蘇高考書面表達)Neither should we embrace online voting aimlessly nor can we deny it pletely. (2)Not only John and Tom but also their sister, Mary, takes (take) great interest in the piano lessons now. (3)Either you or one of your students is (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. (4)The teacher is not content with the result. The students are not content with the result.(句式升級) →Neither_the_teacher_nor_the_students_are content with the result. [析用法規(guī)則] (1)neither ...nor ...“既不……也不……”，連接句中兩個相同的句子成分。當連接并列主語時，謂語動詞遵循“就近一致”原則。 (2)遵循“就近一致原則”的其他并列連詞： either ... or ...不是……就是……；或者……或者…… not only ... but also ...　　　不但……而且…… not ...but ... 不是……而是…… [背寫作佳句] (1)This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.(要點句) 這種現(xiàn)象既不是很好也不是很差；這就是現(xiàn)實中的大學生活，過去是這樣，現(xiàn)在依然還是如此。 (2)Not you but the scientist is to attend the ceremony to be held in our school.(要點句) 不是你而是這位科學家將出席我們學校舉辦的典禮。 2．every time引導時間狀語從句 [教材原句]　So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak. [悟拓展例句] (1)(20166月浙江高考)Every_time he arrived home at the end of the day, we’d greet him at the door. 每當在一天結(jié)束他到家時，我們都在門口迎接他。 (2)The_first_time he came to the city, he decided to settle there. 他第一次來到那個城市，他就決定在那里安家。 (3)You are wele to e back any_time you want to. 你什么時候想回來，我們都歡迎。 (4)On arriving (arrive) home, he set out to do his housework. [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)every time是名詞詞組作連詞，引導時間狀語從句，相當于whenever，意為“每當……”，從句謂語常用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。 (2)名詞詞組作連詞用而且能引導時間狀語從句的還有： any time　 　 　　　　　　任何時候 next time 下次……時 the last time 最后一次 the＋序數(shù)詞＋time 第……次 (3)the＋瞬間名詞(moment/minute/instant/second) 一……就…… on/upon doing sth. 一……就…… 注意事項 (1)此類名詞詞組可單獨引導時間狀語從句，因此后面不再用when。 (2)這些從屬連詞引導的從句都表示從句的動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作隨即就發(fā)生，從句中用一般時態(tài)代替將來時態(tài)。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2017天津高考書面表達)I do hope that you can pay a visit to Tianjin every time you e to China.(要點句) (2)(201610月浙江高考寫作)Tom dashed out the instant the helicopter landed and hugged Jane tightly.(要點句) [詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓練]　 Ⅰ.選詞填空 be strict with， lead to， apart from， look into， put forward， draw a conclusion， die of， make sense 1．The official plan put_forward by China to build the Belt & Road was supported by many countries. 2．We must be_strict_with our students while we should give them love and care as well. 3．I wrote a letter of plaint, and the manager has promised to look_into the matter. 4．We can’t draw_a_conclusion without having a wide investigation into this matter. 5．Eating too much fat can lead_to heart disease and cause high blood pressure. 6．Apart_from the English class, I took an active part in English Corner and other afterclass English activities. 7．Don’t waste time thinking about a sentence which doesn’t make_sense. 8．Stephen Hawking, one of the greatest scientists in the world, died_of a serious disease at the age of 76. Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補全句子 1．每次我聽到那首英文歌，我就禁不住想起我在澳大利亞的那些日子。(every time) Every_time_I_hear_the_English_song,_I can’t help thinking of the days when I was in Australia. 2．沒有足夠的證據(jù)而下結(jié)論毫無意義。(sense) There’s_no_sense_in_drawing_a_conclusion without enough evidence. 3．只有當人們和睦相處時，我們才能有一個和諧的社會。(only if ...) Only if people live in harmony with each other can_we_have a harmonious society. 4．這個老師和他的學生都沒有碰到過這么難的一個問題。(neither ... nor ...) Neither_the_teacher_nor_his_students_have_e_across such a difficult problem. Ⅲ.應用文分步寫作 假定你是李華， 請根據(jù)下面表格中的內(nèi)容提示，為校報的英語園地寫一篇英語短文，介紹你最崇拜的一位中國科學家。 姓名 梁建英 出生年份 1972年 職務 中國高鐵總設(shè)計師 主要經(jīng)歷 (1)1995年大學畢業(yè)后開始從事高鐵研究工作 (2)研制出時速300～350千米高速動車組 (3)2015年獲獎 注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右； 2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 參考詞匯：高速動車組highspeed EMU 第一步：準確審題，理行文脈絡(luò)，擬寫作要點 本文屬于應用文中的人物介紹，時態(tài)以一般過去時和一般現(xiàn)在時為主，人稱為第三人稱。文章可分兩個層次：主體部分應依據(jù)題目所給的要點進行構(gòu)思，介紹梁建英的職務、出生年份、主要經(jīng)歷(1995年大學畢業(yè)后開始從事高鐵研究工作；研制出時速300～350千米高速動車組；2015年獲獎)，由于所給要點齊全，只要清清楚楚表達出來即可；最后表達自己的感想。 要點1－①：梁建英是中國高鐵總設(shè)計師。她出生于1972年。 Liang_Jianying_is_general_designer_of_the_China_highspeed_EMU.She_was_born_in_1972. 要點1－②：梁建英1995年畢業(yè)。她一直致力于研究中國高速列車的發(fā)展。(devote ... to) Liang_Jianying_graduated_in_1995._She_has_been_devoting_all_her_time_to_researching_into_the_development_of_the_China_highspeed_railway. 要點1－③：她研制出時速300～350千米高速動車組。 She_invented_the_300～350km/h_highspeed_EMU. 要點1－④：她在2015年獲獎。(aw