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Unit 4　Public transport 一、單詞表詞匯全查驗(yàn)——運(yùn)用多媒體，提問(wèn)默寫(xiě)詞匯 Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢) [第一屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 1．*route n．　　　 　 (常規(guī))路線 2．rail n. 鐵路；欄桿，扶手；橫桿 3．outer adj. 遠(yuǎn)離中心的，外圍的；外表的，表層的 4．horsedrawn adj. 用馬拉的 5．tram n. 有軌電車 6．cab n. 出租車，的士 7．*metropolitan adj. 大城市的，大都會(huì)的 8．*tunnel n. 地下通道，隧道　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第二屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 9．section n．　　　　　　 部分；部件；部門(mén) 10．interval n. 間隔，間隙 11．ownership n. 所有權(quán)，產(chǎn)權(quán) 12．a(chǎn)rchitect n. 建筑師 13．*prime adj. 首要的，主要的 n. 盛年；鼎盛時(shí)期 14．minister n. 部長(zhǎng)，大臣；牧師 15．userfriendly adj. 方便用戶的，便于使用的 16．*subway n. 地鐵 17．platform n. 站臺(tái)，月臺(tái)；平臺(tái)；講臺(tái)，舞臺(tái)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第三屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 18．handful n．　　　　　 少量的人或物；一把(的量) 19．*newsflash n. (插播的)簡(jiǎn)明新聞 20．port n. 港口；(計(jì)算機(jī))端口 21．cyclist n. 騎自行車的人 22．pedestrian n. 行人，步行者 adj. 行人(使用)的 23．minibus n. 中巴，小型公共汽車 24．*lane n. 車道；小路，小巷 25．beer n. 啤酒；一杯(或一罐)啤酒 26．brake n. 剎車，車閘 vt. 用車閘減速，剎車 27．tyre n. 輪胎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英) [第四屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 1．convey vt.　 　　　　 運(yùn)送，輸送；表達(dá) 2．unfortunately adv. 遺憾的，不幸地，可惜地 3．unbelievable adj. 非常壞(或非常好、非常極端)的，令人難以置信的 4．traffic_jam n. 堵車，交通堵塞 5．via prep. 經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過(guò)(某一地方)；通過(guò)，憑借 6．postpone vt. 延遲，延期 7．choke vi. & vt. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽；塞滿，堵塞 n. 哽咽聲，嗆住的聲音　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第五屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 8．undertake vt. & vi.　　　 承擔(dān)，從事；承諾，答應(yīng) 9．a(chǎn)uthority n. 權(quán)力，權(quán)威；官方，當(dāng)權(quán)者；批準(zhǔn)，授權(quán) 10．enlarge vt. & vi. 擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展，增大 11．a(chǎn)nniversary n. 周年紀(jì)念日 12．growth n. 增加，增長(zhǎng)；成長(zhǎng)，生長(zhǎng) 13．enquiry n. 詢問(wèn)，咨詢；調(diào)查，查究，探究　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第六屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 14．split vi. & vt.　　　　　 分割，(使)分開(kāi)；撕開(kāi)，割破 15．a(chǎn)nnual adj. 每年的，一年一次的 16．receptionist n. 接待員 17．detail n. 具體情況，詳情，細(xì)節(jié) 18．reservation n. 預(yù)訂，預(yù)約；保留意見(jiàn) 19．timetable n. 時(shí)間表，時(shí)刻表 20．departure n. 離開(kāi)，出發(fā)；背離，違反 21．ferry n. 渡船；擺渡 vt. 渡運(yùn)，擺渡　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第七屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 22．punctual adj.　　　 　　 準(zhǔn)時(shí)的，守時(shí)的 23．a(chǎn)rise vi. 出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生 24．a(chǎn)ggressive adj. 好斗的，挑釁的，富于攻擊性的 25．crash n. & vi. & vt. 撞車；碰撞；倒閉；崩潰 26．fine vt. 處以罰金 27．drunk adj. 喝醉的 n. 醉漢，酒鬼　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第八屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 28．violate vt.　　　 　　 　 違犯，違反；侵犯 29．turning n. 拐彎處，轉(zhuǎn)彎處 30．load n. 負(fù)荷，負(fù)載；大量，許多 vt. 裝載，裝上，裝入 31．crossing n. 人行橫道；十字路口，交叉點(diǎn)；穿越 32．drop_off 中途下客或卸貨 33．link_up 聯(lián)合，連接 34．a(chǎn)t_(...)_intervals 每隔……距離或時(shí)間 35．put_through 給某人接通(電話)；使經(jīng)歷　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第九屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 36．decide_on/upon　　 　 　 決定，選定 37．put_off 推遲，推延；使反感 38．turn_up 出現(xiàn)，到來(lái)；調(diào)高(音量等) 39．fill_in 填寫(xiě)(表格)；消磨(時(shí)間) 40．a(chǎn)_handful_of 少數(shù)的，少量的 41．split_up 分組，分解；分離 42．speed_up (使)加速 43．a(chǎn)rise_from 起因于，由……引起　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 二、單元核心考點(diǎn)初熱身——提供語(yǔ)境，單元考點(diǎn)自測(cè)回顧 (一)分類識(shí)記單詞——用時(shí)少功效高 識(shí)記單詞寫(xiě)對(duì) Ⅰ.知其意(英譯漢) 1.tunnel n．　地下通道，隧道 2.choke vi.&vt. (使)窒息，(使)哽咽；塞滿 n. 哽咽聲 3.prime adj. 首要的，主要的 n. 盛年；鼎盛時(shí)期_ 4.minister n. 　 部長(zhǎng)，大臣；牧師 5.newsflash n. (插播的)簡(jiǎn)明新聞 6.interval n. 間隔，間隙 7.pedestrian n. 行人，步行者 8.crash n．&vi.&vt. 撞車；碰撞；倒閉；崩潰 Ⅱ.寫(xiě)其形(漢譯英) 1.split vi. & vt. 分割，(使)分開(kāi)；撕開(kāi) 2.annual adj. 每年的，一年一次的 3.departure n. 離開(kāi)，出發(fā)；背離，違反 4.timetable n. 時(shí)間表，時(shí)刻表 5.drunk adj. 喝醉的 n. 醉漢，酒鬼 核心單詞練通 1.Hello, my name is Susan and I am calling to confirm (證實(shí)) my reservation. 2.She thought she would not be able to bear the load (重?fù)?dān)) of bringing up her family alone. 3.A number of high buildings have arisen (出現(xiàn)) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins. 4.Its reported that this pany will undertake (承擔(dān)) the construction of the new subway. 5.It rained and therefore the football match was postponed (推遲)． 6.When the information is to be conveyed (傳遞) over any distance, a munication system is required. 7.World Health Day is celebrated every year on 7 April, which marks the anniversary (周年紀(jì)念日) of WHO. 8.The Oxford English Dictionary is the best authority (權(quán)威) on English words. 拓展單詞用活 [記全記牢] 1.cyclist n．騎自行車的人→cycle v．騎自行車 2.unfortunately adv.遺憾地，不幸地，可惜地→fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的→fortune n．幸運(yùn)，財(cái)富→fortunately adv.幸運(yùn)地 3.unbelievable adj.非常壞(或非常好、非常極端)的，令人難以置信的→believable adj.可信的→believe v．相信 4.enlarge vt.& vi.擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展，增大→large adj.大的 5.growth n．增加，增長(zhǎng)；成長(zhǎng)，生長(zhǎng)→grow v．長(zhǎng)大，生長(zhǎng) 6.enquiry n．詢問(wèn)，咨詢；調(diào)查，查究，探究→enquire v．詢問(wèn)，打聽(tīng) 7.receptionist n．接待員→reception n．接待處→receive vt.接待，招待 8.punctual adj.準(zhǔn)時(shí)的，守時(shí)的→punctually adv.準(zhǔn)時(shí)地，守時(shí)地→punctuality n．準(zhǔn)時(shí)，守時(shí) 9.aggressive adj.好斗的，挑釁的，富于攻擊性的→aggression n．好斗情緒，攻擊性→aggressor n．侵略者，挑釁者 10.violate vt.違犯，違反；侵犯→violation n．違反 11.crossing n．人行橫道；十字路口，交叉點(diǎn)；穿越→cross vt.穿過(guò) [用準(zhǔn)用活] 1.Tom is often fortunate.Last year he went to Shanghai to try his fortune.Fortunately he met and married his girlfriend there.(fortune) 2.My parents devote themselves to my growth.So when I grow up, I must take care of them.(grow) 3.She cycled too fast round the corner, lost her balance and fell off. What was worse, she ran into another cyclist.(cycle) 4.The officer involved was dismissed because he had violated strict guidelines. Now he regrets his violation of the rules.(violate) 5.When we got to that hotel, we were well received. We would appreciate it if the hotel receptionist can call a taxi for us when we check out tomorrow. Thus we will think well of their reception.(receive) 6.When you cross the street at a pedestrian crossing,_you cant be too careful.(cross) 7.Believe in yourself and work harder than others. Then you can do unbelievable things.(believable) 8.Yesterday I received a present. I dont know who sent it, but Ill make careful enquiries. Im writing to my friends to enquire about it.(enquiry) ? 1.探究“時(shí)間”高頻詞 ①interval n．　 　　間歇 ②break n. 間歇 ③moment n. 片刻 ④while n. (一段)時(shí)間 ⑤instant n．& adj. 時(shí)刻；即刻的 ⑥permanent adj. 永久的 ⑦temporary adj. 暫時(shí)的 ⑧punctual adj. 守時(shí)的 2.“沖突，碰撞”表達(dá)種種 ①knock　　　敲擊 ②collision 撞擊，碰撞 ③impact 碰撞，沖擊 ④dash 猛撞 ⑤crash 撞車；碰撞 ⑥clash 沖突 ⑦run into 撞在……上 3.由cyclist想到的“行家” ①artist　　　　藝術(shù)家 ②chemist 化學(xué)家 ③economist 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家 ④linguist 語(yǔ)言學(xué)家 ⑤pianist 鋼琴家 ⑥psychologist 心理學(xué)家 ⑦scientist 科學(xué)家 (二)語(yǔ)段串記短語(yǔ)——不枯燥興趣高  先 寫(xiě) 對(duì) 再 用 準(zhǔn) 第一組 1.drop_off　　中途下客或卸貨 2.put_through 給某人接通(電話) 3.put_off 推遲，推延；使反感 4.result_in 造成 5.split_up 分組，分解；分離 6.arise_from 起因于，由……引起 7.at_(...)_intervals 每隔……距離或時(shí)間 I rang you several times this morning but your secretary could not ①put me through to you. I called him to tell you that if it should rain tomorrow, we would ②put_off_the athletic meeting, which will not ③result_in a loss. 第二組 1.fill_in　　　　填寫(xiě)(表格) 2.be_aimed_at 旨在，目的是 3.decide_on/upon 決定，選定 4.a_handful_of 少數(shù)的，少量的 5.in_good_condition 身體健康，狀況好 6.in_connection_with 與……有聯(lián)系 We have many activities ①aimed_at improving the students ability of listening and speaking. After you ②decided_on/upon which one to choose, please ③fill_in the form on the table so that we can make arrangements for you. 第三組 1.link_up　　　聯(lián)合，連接 2.turn_up 出現(xiàn)，到來(lái) 3.speed_up (使)加速 4.in_need_of 需要 5.watch_out_for 小心 6.look_both_ways 左顧右盼 7.step_into 步入，走進(jìn) With the cars ①linking_up with our life closely, I believe that this will ②speed_up the development of economy and more employment chances will ③turn_up. Because of more cars, our life quality will be greatly improved. ? 1.“v.＋up”短語(yǔ)聯(lián)想 ①split up 分組，分解，分離 ②set up 建立 ③end up 結(jié)束 ④pay up 付清 ⑤cut up 切碎 ⑥link up 聯(lián)合，連接 2.神“出”鬼“沒(méi)”家族 ①show up　　露面，出現(xiàn) ②e up 出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生 ③turn up 出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生 ④appear vi. 出現(xiàn)；顯得；登場(chǎng) ⑤disappear vi. 消失；失蹤 ⑥die out 滅絕；消失 3.“v.＋in”常用短語(yǔ) ①take in　理解，欺騙 ②turn in 移交 ③break in 闖入 ④give in 屈服，讓步 ⑤result in 導(dǎo)致 ⑥bring in 引進(jìn) 4.“in＋good＋n.”短語(yǔ)聚會(huì) ①in good shape身材好 ②in good condition 　身體健康，狀況好 ③in good mood 情緒好 ④in good spirits 　情緒好，興高采烈 (三)仿寫(xiě)用活句式——造佳句表達(dá)高 背 原 句 明 句 式 學(xué) 仿 寫(xiě) 1.So, why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today？ 那么，今天為什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地鐵觀光一番呢？ “why not＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示“為什么不……”，常用來(lái)提出建議。 (2017北京高考滿分作文)既然你喜歡爬山，為什么不選擇去泰山旅行呢？ Since you like climbing the mountain, why_not_choose the trip to Mount Tai？ 2.Below are some of the major causes of road accidents in connection with vehicles such as cars, minibuses and lorries, and what drivers should do to prevent them. 以下是機(jī)動(dòng)車如小汽車、小型巴士和貨車引起道路交通事故的一些主要原因，以及司機(jī)為防止事故應(yīng)采取的措施。 完全倒裝句：表示地點(diǎn)、方向的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首，主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，此時(shí)常使用倒裝。 (20176月浙江高考寫(xiě)作佳句)沿途全是大樹(shù)，如果累了我們可以乘涼。 Along the road are_tall_trees,_we can relax in a cool place if were tired. 3.It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety. 靠注意道路安全來(lái)確保避免事故，這就取決于我們大家，即道路使用者。 It is up to sb. to do sth.意為“由某人決定做某事”。 (2017北京高考作文佳句)這些是我給你的建議，但是你自己來(lái)決定哪一個(gè)最適合你。 These are my advice for you but it_is_up_to_you_to_choose which one suits you best. 考點(diǎn)新組合 閱讀微技能 　　Several of my friends and I went to Dalian for holidays last week. We had made reservations for hotels ?________ advance and we planned to go there by selfdriving. But on the way to Dalian, we came across a car accident. ?Whats_worse,_a load of pigs got loose, ?________ (cause) a traffic jam lasting 10 hours on the expressway. We all wondered: if so, why not stay at home for a rest！ 1.①處應(yīng)填介詞in。 2.②處Whats worse的同義表達(dá)是To_make_the_matter_worse。 3.③處用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空causing。 1. reservation n．預(yù)定，預(yù)約；保留意見(jiàn) (1)without reservation　　　 無(wú)保留地，無(wú)條件地 make a reservation 預(yù)定(房間、票)；預(yù)約 (2)reserve n. 儲(chǔ)備，儲(chǔ)存；自然保護(hù)區(qū) v. 儲(chǔ)備，保留，預(yù)約 reserve sth. for sb./sth. 為某人/某物預(yù)約/保留某物 be reserved for 留作，(專)供……之用 a wildlife reserve 野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū) [多角練透] 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①Customers are advised to make seat reservations (reserve) in advance. ②The selfcatering flats are_reserved (reserve) for postgraduate students. 完成句子 ③Please allow me to speak out the truth without_reservation. 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我直言不諱地說(shuō)出事實(shí)。 ④Are you for building highways in_a_wildlife_reserve? 你贊成在野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)修公路嗎？ ⑤I would be very thankful if you could reserve_a_ticket_for_me for the train bound for Wuhan tomorrow morning. 若你能為我預(yù)訂一張明天早上開(kāi)往武漢的火車票，我將不勝感激。 [名師指津]　形似詞preserve vt.意為“保護(hù)，保存；維護(hù)”。 2. load n．[C]負(fù)荷，負(fù)載；大量，許多vt.裝載，裝上，裝入 (1)a load of ＝ loads of　　　　　 大量，許多 take a load off ones mind 打消某人的顧慮 (2)load ...with ... 用……裝載…… load ... into/onto ... 把……裝到……上去 load off ones mind 去除某人的精神負(fù)擔(dān) [多角練透] 單項(xiàng)填空 ①(2019蘇北四校模擬)Life is like a bus ________ with passengers, each man to his destination. A．loading　　　　　　 　B．to load C．loaded D．having loaded 解析：選C　句意：人生就像一輛滿載乘客的公交車，每個(gè)人都駛向自己的目的地。bus與load之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。 介、副詞填空 ②They loaded themselves with food, medical supplies, and oxygen equipment. ③The good news has taken a load off my mind. ④Once goods are loaded into/onto trucks, everything slows down. 完成句子 ⑤Uncle Jim brought a_load_of/loads_of_presents for the kids. 吉姆大叔給孩子們帶來(lái)了許多禮物。 ⑥Knowing he was safe loaded_off_my_mind. 得知他平安以后，我如釋重負(fù)。 3. why not ＋ 動(dòng)詞原形 [教材原句]　So, why_not_take a trip on the oldest underground system today? 那么，今天為什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地鐵觀光一番呢？ 句型why not ...主要有兩層含義： (1)why not后跟不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，用來(lái)提出建議，表示“為什么不做……呢，做……如何”相當(dāng)于Why dont you do ...? (2)why not可單獨(dú)使用，表示同意，意為“當(dāng)然可以，好啊，干嘛不”。 ①What you need is a change of surroundings. Why_not_go on a cruise? 你需要換換環(huán)境。為什么不乘船去旅行呢？ ②Why_not_give_him_another_chance? After all, everybody makes mistakes. ＝Why_dont_you_give_him_another_chance? After all, everybody makes mistakes. 為什么不再給他一次機(jī)會(huì)呢？畢竟，每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)。 ③—May I go with you? —Why_not? ——我可以和你一起去嗎？ ——可以呀。 表示“建議”的常見(jiàn)句型還有： Lets do ...　　　　　　　 　　讓我們做…… Shall we do ...? 讓我們做……，好嗎？ Would you like to do ...? 你想(愿意)做……嗎？ Will you please do ...? 請(qǐng)你做……，好嗎？ What/How about doing ...? 做……怎么樣？ I suggest that sb.(should) do ... 我建議某人做…… Youd better (not) do ... 你最好(不)做…… ④I suggest_that_we_(should)_hold a meeting to discuss this. 我建議我們開(kāi)個(gè)會(huì)對(duì)此進(jìn)行一下討論。 考點(diǎn)新組合 閱讀微技能 　　People in the downtown of London used to be conveyed by horsedrawn buses, trams etc. The digging of London Underground was once ?postponed for lack ?________ money. In 1884, two railway stations linked up and provided underground service. In 1902, a rich American businessman undertook the job of improving the system. So now London has the oldest and most plex underground system. 1.①處postpone的同義短語(yǔ)是put_off。 2.②處應(yīng)填介詞of。 4．convey vt.運(yùn)送，輸送；表達(dá)，傳達(dá) convey ones feelings/meanings/appreciation/affection/emotions 表達(dá)某人的感情/意思/感謝/喜愛(ài)/情感 convey sth. to sb.　　向某人表達(dá)/傳遞某物 convey sb./sth. from A to B 把某人或某物從A地運(yùn)送到B地 [題點(diǎn)全練]　完成句子 ①We conveyed_our_goods_from_here_to_market in an old truck. 我們用一輛舊卡車把貨物從這里運(yùn)送到市場(chǎng)。 ②At that moment words couldnt convey_my_emotions. 在那一刻，語(yǔ)言無(wú)法表達(dá)我的情感。 ③I wish to take this opportunity to ask you to convey_my_best_regards_to_your_mother. 我希望借此機(jī)會(huì)向你媽媽致以我最美好的祝愿。 5. postpone vt.延遲，延期 (1)postpone sth.(to/until ...)　　 推遲某事(到……) postpone doing sth. 推遲做某事 (2)postponement n. 延遲，延期 [多角練透] 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①The only practicable alternative is to postpone holding (hold) the meeting. ②The postponement (postpone) was due to a dispute over where the talks should be held. 完成句子 ③I shall postpone_making_a_decision till/until I learn full details. 在未獲悉詳情之前我將從緩作出決定。 ④The mander decided to postpone_the_big_push_to/until_the_spring. 指揮官?zèng)Q定把大規(guī)模的進(jìn)攻推遲到春天進(jìn)行。 6. undertake vt.& vi.承擔(dān)，從事；承諾，答應(yīng) undertake to do sth.　　　　　 答應(yīng)/同意做某事 undertake responsibility/a task/a project 承擔(dān)責(zé)任/任務(wù)/工程 undertake that ... 保證/承諾…… [題點(diǎn)全練]　完成句子 ①We_cannot_undertake_that we shall finish the task in time. 我們無(wú)法保證按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。 ②She is glad to undertake_to_sweep_the_rooms and set them in order. 她愿意負(fù)責(zé)把房間打掃干凈，整理得有條不紊。 ③They are willing to undertake_the_responsibility for the changes. 他們?cè)敢獬袚?dān)這些變革的責(zé)任。 7．link up聯(lián)合，連接；使結(jié)合；使連接 link up with　　　　　 與……聯(lián)合/匯合/碰頭 link ... with/to ... 將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái) be linked to/with 與……有關(guān) [題點(diǎn)全練]　完成句子 ①A new road would be needed to link_up_with the main road. 需要修一條新路與干線相連。 ②The local government plans to build a railway to link_up the two islands. 當(dāng)?shù)卣?jì)劃建一條鐵路把兩個(gè)島嶼連起來(lái)。 ③Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle has been_linked_with/to an increased risk of heart disease. 肥胖和久坐不動(dòng)的生活方式被認(rèn)為會(huì)增加患心臟病的幾率。 考點(diǎn)新組合 閱讀微技能 　　?Nowadays more and more families have cars. And this speeds up the development of economy, and meanwhile results in more traffic jams. Accidents have bee more frequent and more deaths have arisen over the past years. Only when we are put through the pain can we realise the importance of safe driving. In a word, it is up to us all ?________ (make) sure that roads are smooth. 1.將①處畫(huà)線部分升級(jí)為含定語(yǔ)從句的句子： Nowadays_more_and_more_families_have_cars,_which_speeds_up_the_development_of_economy,_and_meanwhile_results_in_more_traffic_jams. 2.②處用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空to_make。 8. arise vi.出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生；(由……)引起；起身；起床 [練牢基點(diǎn)]　寫(xiě)出下列句中arise的含義 ①Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身 ②New problems will arise one after another in the future.出現(xiàn) ③They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床 ④The problem arose from lack of experience.由……引起 [系統(tǒng)考點(diǎn)] arise from ＝ arise out of　　　　 由……引起/產(chǎn)生 if/when the need arises 如果/當(dāng)有需要時(shí) [練通重點(diǎn)]　完成句子 ⑤Science arose_from/out_of the practical necessity of dealing with everyday problems. 科學(xué)出自人們處理日常問(wèn)題的實(shí)際需要。 ⑥Children should be disciplined when/if_the_need_arises. 必要時(shí)孩子們應(yīng)受到管教。 [名師指津]　arise為不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生”時(shí)，主語(yǔ)一般為argument，difficulty, misunderstanding, problem, quarrel, trouble等抽象名詞。 9．speed up (使)加速 at high/low/full/top speed　　　　 以高/低/全/最高速 at a speed of ... 以……速度 with great/all speed 以很快的速度/全速 [題點(diǎn)全練]　完成句子 ①As far as I know, the government will speed_up the pace of our economic reform. 據(jù)我所知，政府將加快經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的步伐。 ②How did the accident e about since he drove at_a_speed_of sixty miles per hour? 既然他以每小時(shí)60英里的速度開(kāi)車，那么事故是怎樣發(fā)生的呢？ ③It is necessary to develop our puter science at_high_speed. 必須高速發(fā)展我國(guó)的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)。 [名師指津]　speed的過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞有兩種形式：speeded, speeded或sped, sped; speed up的反義短語(yǔ)為：slow down“放慢速度”。 10．put through給某人接通(電話)；使經(jīng)歷；使成功；使通過(guò)；完成 [一詞多義]　寫(xiě)出下列句中put through的含義 ①I(mǎi)m looking for a parttime job to help put me through school.完成 ②Both the boys were put through the pains they had never experienced before.使經(jīng)歷 ③They put all the students through the important exams.使通過(guò) ④Can you put me through to the president office of the institute.給某人接通(電話) [歸納拓展] break through　　　　　 突破；突圍 cut through 抄近路穿過(guò)；影響；符合 get through 通過(guò)；接通電話；使(某人)理解 go through 通過(guò)；經(jīng)歷；仔細(xì)查看；查閱 look through 仔細(xì)檢查；瀏覽 see through 看穿，識(shí)破；看透 [應(yīng)用領(lǐng)悟] ①She decides to work hard and break through all the difficulties in English. 她決定努力學(xué)習(xí)，克服英語(yǔ)上的所有難點(diǎn)。 ②Youd better look through your notes before the midterm examination. 你最好在期中考試前復(fù)習(xí)一下自己的筆記。 11．It is up to sb.to do sth. [教材原句]　It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety. 靠注意道路安全來(lái)確保避免事故，這就取決于我們大家，即道路使用者。 It is up to sb.to do sth.為固定句式，多出現(xiàn)在口語(yǔ)中，意為“由某人決定做某事；做某事是某人的職責(zé)”。 ①Life provides you with time and space. Its_up_to_you_to_fill_it. 生命只給你時(shí)間與空間。如何填滿它是你自己的事。 ②Its_up_to_you_to_decide whether to carry out this plan or not. 應(yīng)該由你來(lái)決定是否實(shí)施這一計(jì)劃。 ③Call in, or ring us up. Its_up_to_you. 你可以親自來(lái)訪，也可以打電話，由你定。 [巧學(xué)助記](méi)　　巧記up to：多到達(dá)到一直到，忙于勝任做決定。 ④Dont worry. He is_up_to the job you offered him. 不用擔(dān)心，他能勝任你為他提供的這份工作。 [單元語(yǔ)基落實(shí)] Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě) 1．After the terrible earthquake, the government conveyed (運(yùn)送) people to safer places. 2．I thought it would be easy, but a lot of problems have arisen (出現(xiàn))． 3．Once you have undertaken (承諾) it, you should do it. 4．Do you mind if I postpone (推遲) that appointment until next week? 5．The truck was carrying a load (大量) of sand. 6．The enlarged (擴(kuò)大的) school campus is three times as big as the old one. 7．The performance runs two hours thirty minutes including an interval (間隔)． 8．Would you please make my reservation (預(yù)訂) to Chicago for tomorrow? 9．World Health Day is celebrated every year on 7 April, which marks the anniversary (周年紀(jì)念日) of WHO. 10．These designs demonstrate her unerring (準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤的) eyes for colour and detail (細(xì)節(jié))． 11．I felt as if there was a weight on my chest, choking (使窒息) me. 12．A dozen ideas were considered before the architect (建筑師) decided on the design of the building. 13．The scientists are still working on inventing methods of reaching outer (外部的) space. 14．He divided the field into different sections (部分), where different vegetables were grown. 15．He is always telling us unbelievable (難以置信的) things. Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．________ genes, intelligence also depends on an adequate diet, a good education and a decent home environment. A．In exchange for　　　 　 　B．Except for C．In addition to D．Due to 解析：選C　考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：除了遺傳基因外，智力的高低還取決于適當(dāng)?shù)娘嬍场⒘己玫慕逃秃玫募彝キh(huán)境。in addition to 相當(dāng)于besides，表示“除了……之外還有”；in exchange for“作為……的交換”；except for“除了……以外”(不包括)；due to“因?yàn)椤?。C項(xiàng)符合句意。 2．The driver began to ________ to make up for the lost hours hed lost in the traffic jams. A．speed up B．keep up C．take up D．catch up 解析：選A　句意：司機(jī)開(kāi)始加速以彌補(bǔ)在交通阻塞中失去的時(shí)間。speed up“加速”，符合語(yǔ)境。keep up“繼續(xù)”； take up“占據(jù)，從事”； catch up“追上，趕上”。 3．I was so excited at the news that I was admitted to the university that I could hardly ________ my feelings in words. A．convey B．carry C．transmit D．municate 解析：選A　句意：聽(tīng)到被大學(xué)錄取的消息我太興奮了以至于我?guī)缀鯚o(wú)法用語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)我的感受。convey“表達(dá)”，符合語(yǔ)境。carry“攜帶”； transmit“傳送，傳播”； municate“交流”。 4．—Rose, shall we attend the lecture about food and its nutrition this afternoon? —________？ It is closely related to our health. A．What if B．Why not C．How e D．What for 解析：選B　句意：“Rose，今天下午我們?nèi)ヂ?tīng)有關(guān)食物和營(yíng)養(yǎng)的演講好嗎？”“為什么不呢？它與我們的健康密切相連。”What if“要是……又怎樣呢”； Why not“為什么不呢”； How e“怎么發(fā)生的；怎樣解釋呢”； What for“為什么呢”。根據(jù)句意可知選B。 5．Jane laughs loudly and laughs a lot, which enables us to know her ing before she ________. A．turns up B．turns around C．turns back D．turns away 解析：選A　句意：簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)笑，而且聲音很大，我們常常是未見(jiàn)其人已聞其聲。turn up“出現(xiàn)，到來(lái)”；turn around“轉(zhuǎn)身，回頭”；turn back“掉頭，返回”；turn away“轉(zhuǎn)身離開(kāi)”。根據(jù)句意可知選A。 6．Unexpected difficulties ________in the course of their experiment. A．a(chǎn)rises B．were arising C．a(chǎn)rose D．were arisen 解析：選C　句意：在他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)了不可預(yù)期的困難。根據(jù)“in the course of their experiment”可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 7．—Jack has been out of consciousness since the accident. Will he e to himself, doctor? —Its going to be tough but we anticipate that he will ________. A．put through B．pull through C．put over D．pull over 解析：選B　句意：“杰克自從事故以后一直處于昏迷中。醫(yī)生，他能蘇醒嗎？”“將很難，但是我們預(yù)感他能渡過(guò)難關(guān)。”pull through “渡過(guò)難關(guān)，恢復(fù)健康”，符合句意。put through“實(shí)行；完成；接通電話”；put over“成功完成；推遲”；pull over“靠邊停車”。 8．—I dont think I can go there with you as planned because something urgent has _______