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第11練 人際關(guān)系 基礎(chǔ)鞏固 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．Thegirlhopedtotakethisopportunity(express) hergratitudetoallofyouagain. 2．Theyoungmanisveryshyandheisnotgoodat(communicate) withothers. 3．(build) asuccessfulbusinesshaslefthimlittletimetobuildasuccessfulfamily. 4．Asamatteroffact，you’llhavetoanswerforthe(true) ofwhatyouhavesaid. 5．Listeningmeansrespecting，helpsyoubuildacloserelationshipwithothers. 6．Iwouldappreciateifyoucouldhelpmewithmynewcomputer. 7．Withthe(develop) oftheInternet，lesscommunicationwillbedonebyregularmail. 8．Children，when(accompany) bytheirparents，areallowedtoenterthethemepark. 9．YoucandependonLucyforhelp，forsheissohelpfuland(consider)． 10．Oneofourworkmatesinourofficeisalwayscomplaining，whichmakesusalittle(annoy)． Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤) 11．ThefamousexpertcametoseeusandofferedussomepracticaladvicesonlearningEnglish. 12．Itisnoneedtoworryabouthim.Heisveryexperiencedindealingwithsuchaproblem. 13．IinvitedTomandMiketogowalking，butnoneofthemturnedupthefollowingmorning. 14．MyfriendLucycametoseemeinthecompanywithherboyfriendtheotherday. 15．Ifyoutakeyourtrainingserious，youwillpassthedrivingtestthistime. 16．Strangelyenough，whenthelittlegirlheardtheterriblenews，sheshowednoanxious. 17．Somepeopleareleadinganunhappylifebecausetheyarebecominglesspatiently. 18．It’sobviouswhattheboydeliberatelydestroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapologies. 19．Youcan’timaginehowdelightmydaughterwaswiththebeautifulbirthdaypresentyougaveher. 20．Theyoungmanagerinchargethecompanyisverykindtomostoftheemployees. 話題詞匯 1．relationship n．關(guān)系 2．be popular with受……歡迎 3．a(chǎn)pologize v．道歉 4．a(chǎn)ssociate v．聯(lián)系；交往 5．care about關(guān)心 6．be concerned about關(guān)心，掛念 7．barrier n．障礙 8．disagree v．意見不一致 9．communicate with sb.與某人交流 10．exchange v．交換 能力提升 Ⅲ.閱讀理解 A (2018江西新余一中二模) AteacherfromRelaxKidsinTamworth，UK，usedtwoapplestoshowherstudentsthedamaging，andoftenunseen，consequencesofbullying(欺凌)．Andherpostaboutthepowerfullessonhasgoneviral. RosieDuttonexplainedthatduringoneofherclassessheintroducedthechildrentotworedapples.Whatthekidsdidn’tknowwasthatbeforethelesson，Duttonhadrepeatedlydroppedoneoftheapplesonthefloor.Andyet，ontheoutsideatleast，bothappleslookedperfect.“IpickeduptheappleI’ddroppedonthefloorandstartedtotellthechildrenhowIdislikedthisapple，andthatIthoughtitwasdisgusting，itwasahorriblecolourandthestemwasjusttooshort，”Duttonwrote. Shethenencouragedthestudentstodothesame.Someofthechildrenlookedatherlikeshewas“crazy”，butthestudentspassedtheapplearoundthecircle，callingitnames. Continuingtheexercise，theteacherthenpassedthesecondapplearoundthecircle.Thisapple，however，wasshoweredwithcommentslike：“Yourskinisbeautiful”and“Whatabeautifulcolouryouare”． Duttonthenshowedthestudentsbothapplesonceagain，highlightingthat“therewasnochange，bothapplesstilllookedthesame.” Thatis，untilshecutthemopen.“Theapplewe’dsaidunkindwordstowasbruisedandallmushy(糊狀的) inside，”shesaid. Therewas，shesaid，animmediate“l(fā)ightbulb”momentforherstudents.“Theyreallygotit.Whatwesawinsidethatapple，thebruises，themushandthebrokenbits，iswhatishappeninginsideeveryoneofuswhensomeonemistreatsuswiththeirwordsoractions.” Duttonexplainedhowimportantitistoteachchildrentostandupforoneanother，andtostopanyformofbullying. “Let’screateagenerationofkindcaringchildren，”theteacherwrote.“Thetonguehasnobones，butisstrongenoughtobreakaheart.Sobecarefulwithyourwords.” 21．Whathadtheteacherdonetothefirstapplebeforethelesson? A．Shehadintroducedittothekids. B．Shehaddamageditpurposely. C．Shehadmadeitlookperfect. D．Shehadcoloreditbrightly. 22．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“callingitnames”(Para.3) mean? A．Sayingrudethings. B．Makingfunofit. C．Cheeringforit. D．Shoutingatit. 23．Whatdidtheteacherinstructthekidstodowiththesecondapple? A．Dropit. B．Praiseit. C．Ignoreit. D．Observeit. 24．What’sthepurposeoftheteacher’susingtwoapplesinclass? A．Todrawthekids’attention. B．Toexplainherpersonalpreferences. C．Tomakeacomparisonbetweenthem. D．Tohelpthekidsunderstandtheresultsofbullying. B (2018河北石家莊二中一模) It’s3o’clockandyou’vebeenhardatwork.Asyousitatyourdesk，astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesn’t.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup，likeyourmomusedtomakewhenyouweresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal. ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallitsimply“stomachhunger”.Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten，ahormone(荷爾蒙) sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood，whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst，hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetiteandyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival. Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivates(使活躍) brainareasrelatedtoemotion，memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrugcravingstudies.So，somescientistscallfoodcravings“mindhunger”.Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure. Ina2007study，researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcraving”.So，themoreyoudenyyourselfafoodthatyouwant，themoreyoumaycraveit.However，fastingisabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessenedfoodcravings. So，nexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific，knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach. 25．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph? A．Toremindreadersoftheirownspecialfood. B．Todeepentheunderstandingofhunger. C．Toreportthediscoveryofcravingstudy. D．Toleadtothetopicofthewholepassage. 26．Whatdowelearnaboutfoodcraving? A．Itshowsfoodislinkedtofeelings. B．Itensuresapersonsurviveshunger. C．Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell. D．Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite. 27．What’sthelikelyresultofdieting? A．Thedecreaseofchemicals. B．Theincreaseoffooddesire. C．Therefusaloffatandsugar. D．Thedisappearanceofappetite. 28．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss? A．Thefunctionsofbrainareas. B．Whathungerisallabout. C．Thefindingsoffoodcraving. D．Whatdietingmaybringus. Ⅳ.七選五 (2018遼寧遼南協(xié)作校一模) Listeningtoothersrequiresenteringactivelyandimaginativelyintothesituationandtryingtounderstandaframeofreferencedifferentfromyourown，andyetsomanyofusdon’tlistenproperlyasweshould.Listeningmeansmorethanjustsittingsilentlywhilesomeoneelsetalks. 29 Herearesomewaystobecomeabetterlistener. 30Makesureyouactuallyhearfullywhatyourfriendissaying，andyoucan’tcutyourfriendoffverballycarelessly.Whileyoumightintendtohelpmovetheconversationalong，yourfriendmightfeelasifwhathehassaidneedstobecontinuallytalkedoverorsoundsanythingbutinteresting. Nodtoencouragetheconversationalong.Abetteroptiontoletyourfriendknowyou’reinterestedinwhatheissayingisjusttonodalongfromtimetotime.Sometimesyounodalongbutthenstartthinkingaboutsomethingunrelatedtowhathecouldsay.31 Turnoutbackgroundnoise.Ifyou’reeasilydistractedbylaughter，glassesclinkingorchildrencrying，youmightneedtoworkextrahardtofocusonlyonyourfriend.32Don’thesitatetotellthemthatthebackgroundnoisesaregettingintheway.Ifyoucan’tfocus，trymovingtoanotherarea. Don’ttextorlookatyourphone！33Foryousee，whenyou’resittinginfrontofsomeone，heisthemostimportantpersoninyourworldatthatmoment. A．Stopthespeakerwheneveryouhaveaquestion. B．Practicesilencewhensomeoneelseistalking. C．Ifnecessary，askyourfriendtorepeathimself. D．Whoeveriscallingortextingcanwaituntilyou’redonewithyourconversation. E．Itmeanstryingtoseetheproblemthewaythespeakerseesit. F．Inthiscase，trytopushawayyourthoughtsuntilyou’reabsorbedinwhatyourfriendissaying. G．Rememberingideasfrompreviousconversationsprovesthatyourattentioniskeptandencouragesyourfriendtocontinue. 答案解析 Ⅰ.1.toexpress　2.communicating　3.Building　4.truth5．which　6.it　7.development　8.accompanied　9.considerate10．a(chǎn)nnoyed Ⅱ.11.ThefamousexpertcametoseeusandofferedussomepracticalonlearningEnglish. 12.isnoneedtoworryabouthim.Heisveryexperiencedindealingwithsuchaproblem. 13．IinvitedTomandMiketogowalking，butofthemturnedupthefollowingmorning. 14．MyfriendLucycametoseemeinthecompanywithherboyfriendtheotherday. 15．Ifyoutakeyourtraining，youwillpassthedrivingtestthistime. 16．Strangelyenough，whenthelittlegirlheardtheterriblenews，sheshowedno. 17．Somepeopleareleadinganunhappylifebecausetheyarebecomingless. 18．It’sobvioustheboydeliberatelydestroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapologies. 19．Youcan’timaginehowmydaughterwaswiththebeautifulbirthdaypresentyougaveher. 20．Theyoungmanagerinchargethecompanyisverykindtomostoftheemployees. Ⅲ. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。老師羅西達(dá)頓通過兩個(gè)蘋果的實(shí)驗(yàn)告訴學(xué)生們欺凌的毀壞性結(jié)果，旨在教育學(xué)生們做善良的人、勿說傷人的話。 21．B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“What the kids didn’t know was that before the lesson，Dutton had repeatedly dropped one of the apples on the floor.”可知，課前她已經(jīng)反復(fù)把其中一個(gè)蘋果丟到地上，即她故意毀壞蘋果。故選B。] 22．A　[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“...tell the children how I disliked this apple，and that I thought it was disgusting，it was a horrible colour and the stem was just too short”和第三段第一句“She then encouraged the students to do the same.”可知，學(xué)生們照著老師的做法去做，也說一些粗魯?shù)脑捳Z，故畫線部分的意思應(yīng)該與A項(xiàng)吻合。故選A。] 23．B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“This apple，however，was showered with comments like：‘Your skin is beautiful’ and ‘What a beautiful colour you are’．”可知，老師讓學(xué)生們贊美第二個(gè)蘋果，故選B。] 24．D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后兩段的描述可知，羅西老師是想通過兩個(gè)蘋果的實(shí)驗(yàn)教育孩子們要互相支持、停止任何形式的欺凌，成為互相關(guān)愛的、善良的一代人。故選D。] 語篇解讀　本文的話題是：飲食渴望(即嘴饞)。分析說明了饑餓與嘴饞的區(qū)別，并最終得出結(jié)論：嘴饞其實(shí)是大腦在作祟。 25．D　[推理判斷題。第一段主要假設(shè)了在不同情況下你的飲食渴望有所不同。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，第一段是為了引入整篇文章的話題。故選D。] 26．A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句可知，飲食渴望與情感有關(guān)系。故選A。] 27．B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段前兩句“In a 2007 study，researchers at Cambridge University found that ‘dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving’．So，the more you deny yourself a food that you want，the more you may crave it.”可知，節(jié)食的結(jié)果會(huì)導(dǎo)致飲食渴望的增加。故選B。] 28．C　[主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了對(duì)飲食渴望的研究結(jié)論，故選C。] Ⅳ. 29．E　[根據(jù)上句“Listening means more than just sitting silently while someone else talks.(傾聽不僅僅意味著別人說話時(shí)你靜靜地坐著)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該承接上文，作進(jìn)一步說明，與E項(xiàng)(它意味著要試著站在說話人的角度看問題)吻合。] 30．B　[設(shè)空處是該段的主題句。本段主要講述在你的朋友說話時(shí)，不能隨意打斷，否則這可能會(huì)讓你朋友覺得他的話無趣，故B項(xiàng)(當(dāng)別人說話時(shí)請保持沉默)符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。] 31．F　[本段講了在朋友說話時(shí)你要不時(shí)地點(diǎn)頭表示對(duì)他的話感興趣。但有時(shí)你點(diǎn)頭后很快就會(huì)走神。這時(shí)你要試著擺脫這種想法專注于朋友的講話內(nèi)容。所以F項(xiàng)(所以如果走神就要想辦法讓自己專注于朋友說的話)符合題意，故選F項(xiàng)。] 32．C　[根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容可知，如果你容易受外界的噪音干擾，你要盡力讓自己只專注于你的朋友，當(dāng)然有必要的話，自然要請朋友重復(fù)剛才的話?？芍狢項(xiàng)(如果有必要，讓你的朋友重復(fù)一遍)符合題意。] 33．D　[根據(jù)空前“Don’t text or look at your phone！”和下文的“he is the most important person in your world at that moment”可知，和朋友說話時(shí)不要看手機(jī)或發(fā)短信，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在對(duì)你來說坐在你面前的他才是此刻最重要的人。所以要等談話結(jié)束后再打電話或發(fā)短信，故D項(xiàng)符合題意。]