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Unit 1 Festivals around the world (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．a(chǎn)ncestor n．　　　　　　 祖先；祖宗 2．feast n. 節(jié)日；盛宴 3．bone n. 骨；骨頭 4．carnival n．[縱聯(lián)1] 狂歡節(jié)；(四旬齋前的)飲宴狂歡；嘉年華(會(huì)) 5．parade n. 游行；閱兵；檢閱 6．worldwide adj. 遍及全世界的；世界性的 7．parking n. (汽車等)停放 8．wipe vt. 擦；揩；擦去 9．weep vi. n．[縱聯(lián)2] 10．beauty n. 美；美人；美好的東西 11．herd n. 牧群；獸群 12．harvest n．&vt.&vi. 收獲；收割 13．blossom n. 花 vi. 開花 14．drown vt.&vi. 淹沒；溺死；淹死 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形 1．belief n. 信任；信心；信仰 2．gather vt.&vi. 搜集；集合；聚集 3．a(chǎn)ward n. 獎(jiǎng)；獎(jiǎng)品 vt. 授予；判定 4．custom n．[縱聯(lián)3] 習(xí)慣；風(fēng)俗 5．obvious adj. 明顯的；顯而易見的 6．gain vt. 獲得；得到 7．forgive vt. 原諒；饒恕 8．trick n. vt.[縱聯(lián)4] 9．fool n. 愚人；白癡；受騙者 vt. 愚弄；欺騙 vi. 干傻事；開玩笑 adj. 傻的 10．remind vt. 提醒；使想起 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔誠(chéng)的→religion n．宗教；宗教信仰 2．a(chǎn)rrival n．到來(lái)；到達(dá)；到達(dá)者→arrive vi.到達(dá) 3．independence n．獨(dú)立；自主→independent adj.獨(dú)立的；自主的 4．permission n．許可；允許→permit vt.允許n.通行證；許可證；執(zhí)照 5．a(chǎn)pologize vi.道歉；辯白→apology n．道歉；歉意 6．origin n．起源；由來(lái)；起因→original adj.原來(lái)的 7．starve vi.&vt.(使)餓死；餓得要死→starvation n．饑餓；餓死 8．celebration n．慶祝；祝賀→celebrate v．慶祝；祝賀 9．energetic adj.充滿活力的；精力充沛的；積極的→energy n．能量；精力 10．sadness n．悲哀；悲傷→sad adj.悲傷的→sadly adv.傷心地；悲傷地[縱聯(lián)5] 11．a(chǎn)griculture n．農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)藝；農(nóng)學(xué)→agricultural adj.農(nóng)業(yè)的；農(nóng)藝的 12．a(chǎn)dmire vt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕→admiration n．敬佩；欽佩；羨慕 縱聯(lián)1.西方節(jié)日知多少？ ①carnival　　　　　　　　　 狂歡節(jié) ②Easter (耶穌)復(fù)活節(jié) ③Halloween 萬(wàn)圣節(jié)前夕 ④April Fool’s Day 愚人節(jié) ⑤Thanksgiving Day 感恩節(jié) ⑥Christmas Day 圣誕節(jié) ⑦Valentine’s Day 情人節(jié) 縱聯(lián)2.原型動(dòng)詞eep變?yōu)閑pt的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 ①weep→wept→wept ②keep→kept→kept ③sleep→slept→slept ④sweep→swept→swept 縱聯(lián)3.單復(fù)數(shù)意義不同的名詞小結(jié) ①custom (風(fēng)俗)→customs (海關(guān)) ②manner (方式)→manners (禮貌) ③paper (紙)→papers (文件) ④art (藝術(shù))→arts (文科) ⑤arm (手臂)→arms (武器) ⑥work (工作)→works (作品) 縱聯(lián)4.名詞兼作動(dòng)詞 ①trick n．詭計(jì)；惡作??；竅門→vt.欺騙；詐騙 ②fool n．愚人；白癡；受騙者→vt.愚弄；欺騙 ③nurse n．護(hù)士→vt.護(hù)理；照顧 ④head n．頭→vi.前往 ⑤back n．后背→vt.支持 ⑥award n．獎(jiǎng)；獎(jiǎng)品→vt.授予；判定 縱聯(lián)5.“悲喜”交加 ①sadness悲哀；悲傷 ②sorrow悲傷；悲痛 ③shock震驚；驚愕 ④depression沮喪；抑郁 ⑤happiness高興 ⑥pleasure愉快 ⑦satisfaction滿意；滿足 ⑧delight快樂；樂事 單元話題——節(jié)假日活動(dòng) 子話題1　中國(guó)節(jié)日 ①the Spring Festival 春節(jié) ②the Dragon Boat Festival 端午節(jié) ③the MidAutumn Festival 中秋節(jié) ④Double Ninth Festival 重陽(yáng)節(jié) ⑤National Day 國(guó)慶節(jié) ⑥Teachers’ Day 教師節(jié) 子話題2　節(jié)假日相關(guān)活動(dòng) ①ceremony n. 典禮；儀式 ②package n. 包；包裹 ③decorate vt. 裝飾；布置 ④celebrate an anniversary 慶祝周年紀(jì)念日 ⑤exchange gifts 交換禮物 ⑥family reunion 家人團(tuán)圓 ⑦attend a ceremony 出席儀式 ⑧on special occasions 在特殊場(chǎng)合 子話題3　節(jié)假日用品 ①decoration n．裝飾品 ②balloon n．氣球 ③firework n．焰火；(pl.)煙火 ④candle n．蠟燭 ⑤papercutting n．剪紙 ⑥dragon boat龍舟 [學(xué)考對(duì)接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用 1．(2017天津高考閱讀B)Perhaps we all live in each others’ spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: __?__ (remind) us that we all appreciate? beauty?， that we all share a mon desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us. ①用remind的適當(dāng)形式填空：to_remind ②寫出appreciate在本單元中的同義詞：admire ③寫出加黑詞在句中的含義：美好的東西 2．(2014湖北高考閱讀A)I believe? that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed. He told me that the teacher didn’t let? him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked ... He agreed and was quiet for a moment. Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher __?__ (apologize)． ①寫出believe在本單元的同根名詞：belief ②寫出加彩詞在本單元的同義詞：permit，其同根名詞為：permission ③用apologize的適當(dāng)形式填空：to_apologize 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用 (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)及提示詞翻譯句子) 1．(2018浙江高考寫作)通過那次志愿活動(dòng)，我不僅開闊了視野，而且獲得了一些寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(gain) From_that_voluntary_activity,_not_only_did_I_broaden_my_horizons_but_also_gained_some_valuable_experience. 2．(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))我堅(jiān)信我的建議對(duì)你會(huì)有很大的幫助。盼望著早日收到你的來(lái)信。(belief) I_hold_the_firm_belief_that_my_suggestions_will_be_of_great_help_to_you.I’m_looking_forward_to_hearing_from_you_as_soon_as_possible. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 1．gain vt.獲得；得到n.獲利；利益 [記牢] (1)gain weight　　　　　　　　增加體重 gain sth. by/from ... 從……中獲益 gain other’s respect/trust 獲得別人的尊敬/信任 (2)No pains, no gains. 不勞無(wú)獲。 [練通]　單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①To_gain_(gain) a deeper understanding of politics for his writing, he took a oneyear job in the city government. ②She hopes to gain experience by/from working abroad for a year. ③Just as the old saying goes, “No pains, no gains (gain)．” [用準(zhǔn)]　在名言“不勞無(wú)獲”中“pain, gain”常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 [寫美]　翻譯句子 ④如果我們到國(guó)外旅行，我們可以拓寬視野，獲得從書本上得不到的知識(shí)。 If_we_go_on_a_trip_abroad,_we_can_broaden_our_view_and_gain_knowledge_we_cannot_get_from_books. 2．a(chǎn)dmire vt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕；欣賞；觀賞 [記牢] (1)admire sb. for (doing) sth.　 因(做)某事而欽佩某人 (2)admiration n. 欽佩；羨慕；敬佩 with/in admiration 欽佩地 express/have admiration for sb./sth. 表達(dá)對(duì)某人/物的羨慕/欽佩 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①We admire the old scientist for his great contributions to the country. ②I’d like to express my admiration (admire) for the courage and unplaining spirit of the firefighters. ③Molly is_admired (admire) for her charming personality and remarkable ability. 補(bǔ)全句子 ④I admire_the_fact_that he made such great progress in a short time. 我很欽佩他在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)就取得如此大的進(jìn)步。 [用準(zhǔn)]　(1)admire后不接雙賓語(yǔ)或直接接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，但可接疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句。 (2)admire后不接帶不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即不用admire sb. to do sth.，可用admire sb./sb.’s doing sth.。 [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑤(2016北京高考書面表達(dá))說到中國(guó)著名的歷史人物，我非常欽佩張騫。 When_it_es_to_famous_figures_in_Chinese_history,_I_admire_Zhang_Qian_very_much. 3．a(chǎn)pologize vi.道歉；辯白 [記牢] (1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 　　　　　　　　　　　　 因(做)某事向某人道歉 (2)apology n. 道歉；辯白 make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse one’s apology 接受/拒絕某人的道歉 owe sb. an apology 應(yīng)向某人道歉 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①(2017天津高考)Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing for your mistake. ②The headmaster demanded that you should apologize to her for your rudeness immediately. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ③The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour. →The teacher made a suggestion that she should make_an_apology to her deskmate for her bad behaviour. [用準(zhǔn)]　牢記apologize為不及物動(dòng)詞，為某事向某人道歉應(yīng)用apologize/make an apology to sb. for sth.，不要忘記to。 [寫美]　翻譯句子 ④(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))我應(yīng)為星期五下午不能和你一起去書店向你道歉。 I_owe_you_an_apology_for_the_fact_that_I_cannot_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you_on_Friday_afternoon. 4．remind vt.提醒；使想起 [記牢] (1)remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 remind sb. to do sth.　　　　　 提醒某人做某事 remind (sb.) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)…… (2)reminder n. 提醒人的事物；提醒 [練通]　單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①Please remind me to_write (write) an email to my mother tomorrow, for it’s her birthday. ②Passengers are_reminded (remind) that no smoking is allowed on this train. ③This photo album serves as a reminder (remind) of the most important moments of my life. [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ④老師的話讓我想起了“有志者，事竟成”這句著名的諺語(yǔ)。 What the teacher had said reminded_me_of_the_famous_saying,_“Where there is a will, there is a way.” [聯(lián)想]　常見的“v.＋sb.＋of sth.”短語(yǔ)還有： ①cure sb. of sth.　　　　 治好某人的病 ②accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事 ③rob sb. of sth. 搶劫某人某物 ④inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 ⑤convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 5．forgive vt.原諒；饒??；寬??；免除(債務(wù)) [記牢] forgive me　　　　　　　　　 原諒我 forgive sb. sth. 原諒某人某事 forgive sb.for (doing) sth. 原諒某人(做了)某事 forgive one’s doing sth. 原諒某人做了某事 forgive and forget 不計(jì)前嫌 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①Forgive others and you will be_forgiven (forgive)． ②Forgive me for interrupting, but I really don’t agree with that. 熟詞生義　寫出加彩單詞在語(yǔ)境中的含義 ③Believe it or not, I’ll forgive you the debt.免除 [用準(zhǔn)]　牢記forgive 的過去式和過去分詞分別為：forgave; forgiven。 [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ④眾所周知，不計(jì)前嫌是一種美德，尤其是在這樣一個(gè)充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和壓力的社會(huì)中。 As is known to us, it’s a virtue to_forgive_and_forget,_especially in such a petitive and stressful society. [聯(lián)想]　表示“原諒某人(做)某事”的短語(yǔ)還有pardon/excuse sb. for (doing) sth.等。 [詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Tom gained (獲得) friendship and experience from the local residents, working with them for three years. 2．He was awarded (授予) the first prize in the speech petition, which made his parents very proud. 3．My father has much belief (信任) in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine. 4．He insisted that I made him heartbroken and that I should make a sincere apology (道歉) to him. 5．Everyone mustn’t take any photographs in the old temple without_permission (允許)． 6．It was obvious (顯而易見的) that the scene of the accident had been destroyed when the police arrived. 7．As we all know, it is difficult to get used to another country’s customs (風(fēng)俗)． 8．The people_gathered (聚集) round, curious to know what was happening. Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．Our class is planning to cycle the West Lake to watch the dragon boat race on May 30, when the Dragon Boat Festival is_celebrated (celebrate) nationwide. 2．In addition, the more you work out, the more energetic (energy) you will bee. 3．Not having received the invitation to the party, little Tom wept (weep) yesterday. 4．Now that you have begun to work, you should learn to be independent (independence) from your parents. 5．He hurt me deeply and begged me to forgive him for his actions. Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子/一句多譯 1．同桌非常羨慕我流利的英語(yǔ)，我經(jīng)常被他的贊美所鼓舞。(admire) My deskmate admires_my_fluent_English_very_much and I usually feel encouraged by his pliments. 2．沒有人喜歡和他交朋友，因?yàn)樗矚g捉弄?jiǎng)e人。(trick) No one likes to make friends with him, because he likes_playing_a_trick_on_others. 3．做完所有的工作后，我們豎起了布告牌提醒人們保護(hù)這些樹木。(remind) ①After getting all the work done, we put up a board reminding_people_to_protect_the_trees.(分詞作定語(yǔ)) ②After getting all the work done, we put up a board which/that_reminds_people_to_protect_the_trees.(定語(yǔ)從句) Ⅳ.語(yǔ)境辨義 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出trick的詞性和詞義 (A)n.技巧；技藝　　　(B)vt.欺騙　　　(C)n.惡作劇 1．He tricked me into lending him 10,000 yuan.__B__ 2．He used the old trick of attacking in order to defend himself.__A__ 3．The children loved playing tricks on their teacher.__C__ (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) 1．take_place　　　　　　 　　　 發(fā)生 2．in_memory_of 　[串記1] 紀(jì)念；追念 3．dress_up 穿上盛裝；打扮；裝飾 4．play_a_trick_on [串記2] 搞惡作??；開玩笑；詐騙 5．look_forward_to 期望；期待；盼望 6．day_and_night 日夜；晝夜；整天 7．turn_up 出現(xiàn)；到場(chǎng) 8．keep_one’s_word [串記3] 守信用；履行諾言 9．hold_one’s_breath 屏息；屏氣 10．have_fun_with 玩得開心 11．set_off 出發(fā)；動(dòng)身；使爆炸；引起 12．remind_..._of_... 使……想起…… 13．a(chǎn)s_though 好像 [同根短語(yǔ)串記] 串記1.“in＋n.＋of”短語(yǔ)小結(jié) ①in memory of　　 　 　　 紀(jì)念；追念 ②in favour of 贊同；支持 ③in honour of 向……表示敬意；為紀(jì)念…… ④in terms of 就……而言 ⑤in need of 需要 串記2.“搞惡作??；開玩笑；愚弄”知多少 ①play tricks/a trick on 搞惡作??；開玩笑 ②play jokes/a joke on 搞惡作??；開玩笑 ③make a fool of 愚弄 ④make fun of 取笑；拿……開玩笑 ⑤laugh at 取笑；嘲笑 串記3.word相關(guān)短語(yǔ)全接觸 ①keep one’s word 履行諾言 ②break one’s word 違背諾言 ③in other words 換句話說 ④in a/one word 總之 ⑤have a word with sb. 與某人交談 ⑥have words with sb. 和某人吵架 1．do harm to sb.　　 　 　 　　 給某人帶來(lái)危害 2．in the shape of 呈現(xiàn)某種形狀；以某種形式 3．decorate ...with ... 用……裝飾…… 4．get together 聚會(huì)；聚集 5．lucky money in red paper 紅紙包著的壓歲錢 6．drown one’s sadness in coffee 用咖啡來(lái)解愁 7．fall in love (with sb.) 與(某人)相愛；愛上(某人) 1．At that time people would starve if food was_difficult_to_find,_especially during the cold winter months. 在那個(gè)時(shí)代，如果食物難以找到，特別是在寒冷的冬月，人們就會(huì)挨餓。 2．Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either_to_help_or to do harm. 有些節(jié)日，是為了紀(jì)念死者，或者使祖先得到滿足，因?yàn)樽嫦葌冇锌赡芑氐绞郎?給人們)提供幫助，也有可能帶來(lái)危害。 3．It_was_obvious_that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ... 很明顯，咖啡館的經(jīng)理在等李方離開…… 4．While_she_was_on_earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love. 當(dāng)她在人間時(shí)遇到了牛郎，然后兩人相愛了。 [學(xué)考對(duì)接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　完形中的短語(yǔ)和句式(補(bǔ)全句子) 1．(2017江蘇高考完形填空)In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students, struggling across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, turning_up (出現(xiàn)) at school for practice hours before anyone else had to be there. 2．(2018江蘇高考完形填空)It had also given me a choice, either to leave that page blank or to keep writing (或者留著那頁(yè)空白或者繼續(xù)寫) the story with hope. 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的短語(yǔ)和句式(翻譯句子) 1．(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))總之，在中國(guó)你要入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。我的確希望你在朋友家玩得很開心。(have great fun) In_brief,_do_as_the_Chinese_do_when_in_China._I_do_hope_you_will_have_great_fun_at_your_friend’s_home. 2．(2017北京高考書面表達(dá))顯而易見，“長(zhǎng)江之行”將是更好的選擇。(it作形式主語(yǔ)) It_is_obvious_that_the_trip_along_the_Yangtze_River_will_be_a_better_choice. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 [短語(yǔ)集釋] 1．look forward to期望；期待；盼望 [記牢] look around　　　　　　　 環(huán)視；參觀 look down on/upon 輕視；瞧不起 look back (on) 回憶；回顧 look into 調(diào)查；向……里看 look out for 注意察看；留心 look through 仔細(xì)瀏覽；查閱 look up 查閱；抬頭看 look up to 尊敬；欽佩 look forward 向前看 [練通]　用look的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空 ①The kid is looking_forward_to being taken to the zoo this weekend. ②As I saw the old photo, I always looked_back_on the scene where we had met. ③Now, I want to answer your questions, but remember to look_out_for the red light. ④He stood up and looked_forward to see what was going on outside. ⑤It is wrong of you to look_down_on/upon the disabled in need. [用準(zhǔn)]　在look forward to中，to為介詞，其后要接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。look forward意為“向前看”，其后所接動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的。 [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ⑥(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))如果你有任何問題，請(qǐng)不要猶豫，讓我知道。期待你的早日答復(fù)。 Should you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to let me know. Looking forward to your early reply. 2．turn up出現(xiàn)；到場(chǎng)；被找到；開大(音量)；調(diào)高(溫度)；向上翻 [辨清]　寫出下列句中turn up的含義 ①Don’t worry. I’m sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.被找到 ②I feel cold and I’d like to turn the heat up a little.調(diào)高 ③As the weather was too cold in the street, he turned up the collar of his coat.向上翻 [記牢] turn down　　　　　　　 拒絕；關(guān)?。徽{(diào)低 turn in 上交；拐入 turn out 結(jié)果是；證明是；生產(chǎn)；制造 turn over 翻身；移交；轉(zhuǎn)變 turn off 關(guān)掉 turn to 求助于；轉(zhuǎn)向 [練通]　用turn的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空 ④(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))Some famous Chinese artists will turn_up and perform at the exhibition. ⑤The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned_down. ⑥The moment the bell rang, all the students turned_in their papers immediately. [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑦我經(jīng)常向同學(xué)或老師求助。結(jié)果我在學(xué)習(xí)上取得很大進(jìn)步。 I_often_turn_to_my_classmates_or_teachers_for_help.As_a_result,_I_have_made_great_progress_in_my_studies. 3．set off出發(fā)；動(dòng)身；使爆炸；引起 [記牢] set aside　　　　　　 留出；忽視；不顧 set about 著手/開始做…… set out 出發(fā)；開始做…… set down 寫下；記下 set up 建立；安排；搭起 [練通] 用set相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空 ①A great many boys were setting_off fireworks in the street during the Spring Festival. ②For all three years I have been working for others, so I’m hoping I’ll set_up my own business someday. ③Set_aside some time each day to practice speaking English, even if it is only five minutes. 一句多譯 他著手粉刷整間房子，但僅僅完成了前面部分。 ④He set_out_to_paint the whole house but finished only the front.(set out) ⑤He set_about_painting the whole house but finished only the front.(set about) [用準(zhǔn)]　set about表示“開始做……”，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞；set out表示“開始做……”，后接動(dòng)詞不定式。 [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ⑥(2015全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))我們將在周六上午8：00出發(fā)去敬老院陪老人們過重陽(yáng)節(jié)。 We will set_off_for_the_nursing_home at 8：00 am on Saturday to acpany the elderly for the Double Ninth Festival. [句式集釋] 1．It＋be＋adj.＋that ..., it為形式主語(yǔ) [教材原句]　It_was_obvious_that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ... [悟拓展例句] (1)It_is_obvious_that without the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today. 很明顯，如果沒有全社會(huì)的幫助就不會(huì)有今天的新學(xué)校。 (2)It’s_a_pity_that you’ve missed such a good chance. 你錯(cuò)過了這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)，真是遺憾。 (3)It_is_generally_believed_that munication skills are being what it takes to be a good doctor. 人們普遍認(rèn)為溝通技巧正在成為作為一名好醫(yī)生必備的技能。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)It＋be＋形容詞(possible, obvious, important ...)＋that從句 (2)It＋be＋名詞短語(yǔ)(a pity, a fact, a wonder, an honour, an idea, no wonder ...)＋that從句 (3)It＋be＋過去分詞(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported ...)＋that從句 注意事項(xiàng) (1)在句型“It is/was strange/important/necessary/essential ...＋that從句”中，從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。 (2)it作形式主語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)容易和what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句、which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句混淆，使用時(shí)要細(xì)心體會(huì)三種句式的差別。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))I’m very delighted to know that you’re going to visit a Chinese family.It’s necessary that you (should) know about table manners of China.(開頭句) (2)(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))It is true that this is a good chance for you to have a good knowledge of traditional Chinese culture.(要點(diǎn)句) (3)(2015全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))It is important that you (should) hand in your article before 28th, June.(總結(jié)句) 2．while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 [教材原句]　While_she_was_on_earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love. [悟拓展例句] (1)While_I_was_looking_through the news online, up came a video of a lovely bear. 當(dāng)我在網(wǎng)上瀏覽新聞時(shí)，一個(gè)可愛小熊的視頻出現(xiàn)了。 (2)I like English while_my_little_brother_is_fond_of_maths. 我喜歡英語(yǔ)然而我弟弟喜歡數(shù)學(xué)。 (3)While_traveling_can_broaden_your_mind,_I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. 盡管旅游能夠增長(zhǎng)見識(shí)，但是我認(rèn)為在這方面花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間和金錢不是一個(gè)好主意。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)while意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 (2)while意為“然而；可是”，用作并列連詞，表示前后分句的對(duì)比。 (3)while意為“雖然；盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句(從句常置于句首)表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 注意事項(xiàng) while意為“雖然，盡管”時(shí)，與although, though 用法相同，不與but連用。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2017天津高考書面表達(dá))While it has been more than a year since you taught us English, I’ve missed you a lot, thinking about those happy moments when we stayed with you.(要點(diǎn)句) (2)(2017北京高考書面表達(dá))While the students and teachers were watching the video, they were greatly touched.(要點(diǎn)句) [詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.選詞填空 keep one’s word， dress up， in memory of， play a trick on， set off， take place， turn up， day and night 1．It is universally known that playing_a_trick_on the disabled is an impolite behavior. 2．The evening party is scheduled to take_place on New Year’s Eve. 3．In order to get ready for the examination, the students are studying day_and_night. 4．If you want to make friends with others, you must keep_your_word. 5．At the play, Mr. Green dressed_up as a policeman with dark glasses. 6．We will build a monument in_memory_of those who sacrificed their lives for our country. 7．Miss Yang promised to attend my birthday party, but she hasn’t turned_up so far. 8．After saying goodbye to our friends, we set_off for European countries to spend our holiday. Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．His favorite food is fried snacks and soft drinks. It is not surprising that losing weight is just his dream. 2．She couldn’t make herself heard (hear) because of the traffic noise. 3．Great changes have_taken (take) place in the school over the past three years, which deeply impresses me. 4．The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books while the magazines serve as reading materials. 5．For most students, the book is easy to_read (read)． 6．When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances. Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文分步寫作 假定你是李華，中秋節(jié)來(lái)臨之際，你代表你們班向你校外教James發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)他參加你們班組織的中秋節(jié)晚會(huì)，內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括如下要點(diǎn)： 1．時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)； 2．活動(dòng)(晚宴、賞月等)； 3．其他…… 注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 第一步：準(zhǔn)確審題，理行文脈絡(luò)，擬寫作要點(diǎn) 本寫作屬于邀請(qǐng)信，時(shí)態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)，人稱為第一人稱。文章可從三個(gè)方面來(lái)構(gòu)思：開頭點(diǎn)明寫信目的——舉辦慶祝會(huì)(時(shí)間和地點(diǎn))，邀請(qǐng)外教參加；主體部分給出的要點(diǎn)比較寬泛，應(yīng)細(xì)化處理。介紹活動(dòng)時(shí)根據(jù)要點(diǎn)提示可介紹晚會(huì)安排各種各樣的活動(dòng)、一起吃晚宴和一起賞月；最后表達(dá)希望，希望對(duì)方能夠參加。 要點(diǎn)1－①：我們班將于本周五晚8：00在演講大廳舉辦慶祝會(huì)。 Our_class_will_hold_a_celebrating_party_in_the_lecture_hall_at_8：00 pm this Friday. 要點(diǎn)1－②：我寫信邀請(qǐng)您參加慶祝晚會(huì)。 Im_writing_to_invite_you_to_attend_our_celebrating_party. 要點(diǎn)2－①：為這次晚會(huì)我們安排了各種各樣的活動(dòng)。 For_the_party_we_have_arranged_all_kinds_of_activities. 要點(diǎn)2－②：我們將一起吃晚宴。 We_will_have_a_dinner_together. 要點(diǎn)2－③：我們將聚集在一起，欣賞美麗的滿月。 We_will_get_together,_admiring_the_beautiful_full_moon. 要點(diǎn)3：我期望您來(lái)參加！ Im_looking_forward_to_your_ing! 第二步：添加細(xì)節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達(dá)更亮眼 為了使內(nèi)容更充實(shí)，我們需要對(duì)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行適度拓展，讓要點(diǎn)在內(nèi)容上和形式上更豐滿。要點(diǎn)1－①可增加as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句“隨著中秋節(jié)臨近”；要點(diǎn)1－②可以增加“非常榮幸代表我們班”。 拓展要點(diǎn)1－①：隨著中秋節(jié)臨近，我們班將于本周五晚8：00在演講大廳舉辦慶祝會(huì)。(as) As_the_MidAutumn_Festival_is_approaching,_our_class_will_hold_a_celebrating_party_in_the_lecture_hall_at_8：00_pm_this_Friday. 拓展要點(diǎn)1－②：非常榮幸代表我們班寫信邀請(qǐng)您參加它。(on behalf of) Its_a_great_honour_to_write_to_invite_you_to_attend_it_on_behalf_of_our_class. 第三步：連句成文，排語(yǔ)句順序，重銜接過渡 本篇寫作整體可采用“三段式”作文結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇表達(dá)中的邏輯關(guān)系，可在介紹活動(dòng)安排時(shí)添加連接詞 at the beginning， whats more巧妙地將要點(diǎn)銜接起來(lái)，讓文章顯得順暢自然。 Dear_Professor_James， As_the_MidAutumn_Festival_is_approaching,_our_class_will_hold_a_celebrating_party_in_the_lecture_hall_at_8：00 pm this Friday. Its a great honour to write to invite you to attend it on behalf of our class. For_the_party_we_have_arranged_all_kinds_of_activities.At_the_beginning,_we_will_have_a_dinner_together._Whats_more,_we_will_get_together,_admiring_the_beautiful_full_moon. Im_looking_forward_to_your_ing! Yours， Li_Hua 理清文體結(jié)構(gòu)之(十一)　說明文之事物類——抓說明對(duì)象，根據(jù)事物特點(diǎn)巧解題 事物類說明文一般在首段給出說明對(duì)象，然后從幾個(gè)方面對(duì)事物進(jìn)行客觀說明。因此，該類文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)一般較為簡(jiǎn)單，閱讀時(shí)不要拘泥于細(xì)枝末節(jié)，瀏覽完全文后，帶著題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，再次跳讀原文查找答案出處，認(rèn)真