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Life in the future 一、閱讀理解。 One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. ＂One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states.＂ said Neville Alexander, Director of the Project for the Study of Alternative Education in South Africa at the University of Cape Town. In response to the spread of English and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the last decade. In some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. One of the first such legal provisions(規(guī)定) was the 1994 ＂Toubon law＂ in France, and the idea has been copied in many countries since then. Such efforts to govern language use are often considered as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficulty in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process. It is especially difficult for native speakers of English to understand the desire to maintain the ＂purity＂ of a language by law. Since the time of Shakespeare, English has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. English is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but that has not been a barrier to acquiring superiority and power. Another reason for the failure of many native English speakers to understand the role of the state regulation is that it has never been the Anglo-Saxon way of doing things. English has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the Academic Francaise in France. The need to protect national languages is, for most western Europeans, a recent phenomenon- especially the need to ensure that English does not unnecessarily take over too many fields. Public munication, education and new ways of munication promoted by technology, may be key fields to defend. 1.Neville Alexander believes that __________. A. mother-tongue education is not practiced in all African countries B. globalization has resulted in the economic failure of Africa C. globalization has led to the rise of multi-language trend D. lack of mother-tongue education can lead to economic failure 2.The underlined word ＂futile＂ (in paragraph 2) most probably means ＂ _________＂. A. workable B. practical C. useless D. unnecessary 3.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. English has taken over fields like public munication and education. B. Many aspects of national culture are threatened by the spread of English. C. Most language experts believe it is important to promote a national language. D. Europeans have long realized the need to protect a national language. 4.The best title for the passage is __________. A. Fighting against the rule of English B. Protecting local languages and identities C. Globalization and multi-language trend D. To maintain the purity of language by law 【文章大意】現(xiàn)在世界全球化導(dǎo)致很多國(guó)家的獨(dú)特的文化收到了沖擊和影響，本文講述的正是這方面的話題。很多國(guó)家都采取了很多的措施來(lái)保護(hù)本國(guó)的文化。 1.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段＂One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states.＂ said Neville Alexander可知，他認(rèn)為母語(yǔ)教育方面的缺失會(huì)導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的失敗。故D正確。 2.C 【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)本句Such efforts to govern language use are often dismissed as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficulty in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.可知，很多語(yǔ)言專家都認(rèn)為管理語(yǔ)言使用的努力是無(wú)用的，因?yàn)檫@樣的控制是沒(méi)有什么效果的。故C正確。 4.B 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend.可知，現(xiàn)在世界全球化導(dǎo)致很多國(guó)家的獨(dú)特的文化受到了沖擊和影響，本文講述的正是這方面的話題。故B正確。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．As far as I know, the government will speed the pace of our economic reform. 答案：up 2．—Did you recognize your former classmate whom you hadn’t seen for many years at the party yesterday? —Yes, I recognized him (instant) I saw him. 答案：instantly 3． (lack) such experience will constantly trouble you in your business. 答案：Lacking 4． (guide) by the sun, they walked towards their destination through the woods. 答案：Guided 5．When she is put in a situation she has to make a remark on/about others, she usually changes the topic. 答案：where 6．After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, (exhaust) and hungry. 答案：exhausted 7．Such important people don’t often have much free time because their work takes all their time. 答案：up 8．Her (motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education. 答案：motivation 9．Making a good (impress) on the interviewers is of vital importance. 答案：impression 10．Though (remind)of the danger of hiking in such weather，the young men still wouldn’t give up their plan. 答案：reminded 三、完形填空。 A homeless man walked up to me and asked me for some small change, “ I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story,” I said. He laughed, “You’ll give me a quarter for my story?’ I laid the 1 in front of him and 2 myself —“No, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.” Seeing him lost in 3 , I sat down next to him and waited. “ I was once a sniper(狙擊手)in the army.” he said. “ I was 4 to shoot down the enemy from the distance.” I listened attentively as he 5 his story. He told me how he 6 to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own 7 to respecting animals by not killing more than be needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt 8 and joined up. All those years of developing his hunting skills could now serve a larger 9 —to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to 10 at the front. “ I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone.” he continued. “One day they asked me to 11 a lady from the distance. I saw the kids near her and my hands were on the trigger(扳機(jī)). But I couldn’t 12 it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was 13 the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any 14 to me. ” The story went on as he described 15 being put into prison for 180 days for 16 to follow orders. “ I have no 17 ,” he said. “ I may be homeless now, 18 I never killed that lady.” He continued, “ I can live with being homeless, but I wouldn’t be able to stand killing 19 people.” On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never 20 to me that a hero could be a smelly old sniper. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文介紹了一位曾在部隊(duì)服役的狙擊手的故事。狙擊手在一次戰(zhàn)斗中因?yàn)榫芙^執(zhí)行槍殺一位帶著孩子的婦女的命令，被判處180天監(jiān)禁。出獄后卻找不到工作，淪為街頭乞丐。但是他卻一直不后悔自己的行為。他是一位真正的英雄。 1.A. note B. coin C. dollar D. wallet 【答案】B 2.A. blamed B. remended C. corrected D. rescued 【答案】C 【解析】A. blamed責(zé)備；B. remend推薦；C. corrected改正，糾正；D. rescued營(yíng)救，援救。此處指作者意識(shí)到自己做錯(cuò)了(指把錢放在那個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人的前面的地上)，就趕緊改正(從下文所說(shuō)的話，作者是把錢遞給了那個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人)。 3.A. argument B. action C. consideration D. thought 【答案】D 【解析】A. argument爭(zhēng)論；B. action行動(dòng)；C. consideration考慮；D. thought想法。lost in thought“陷入沉思”。 4.A. observed B. supposed C. reminded D. determined 【答案】B 【解析】A. observed觀察； B. supposed假定；C. reminded 提醒，使想起；D. determined決定。be supposed to應(yīng)該，被期望。此處指“期望我能從遠(yuǎn)處開(kāi)槍擊倒敵人”。 5.A. expanded on B. checked on C. counted on D. fixed on 【答案】A 【解析】A. expanded on詳細(xì)闡述，進(jìn)一步闡述；B. checked on檢查，調(diào)查；C. counted on指望，依靠，依賴；D. fixed on確定，決定。這兒是說(shuō)“詳細(xì)闡述他的故事，即展開(kāi)他的故事”。 6.A. desired B. wished C. failed D. used 【答案】D 【解析】A. desired渴望；B. wished希望；C. failed失敗；D. used使用。此處狙擊手講過(guò)去的事，used to過(guò)去常常。 7. A. method B. means C. way D. approach 【答案】D 8.A. annoyed B. honored C. astonished D. confused 【答案】B 【解析】A. annoyed煩惱的；B. honored光榮的；C. astonished吃驚的；D. confused困惑的。上文說(shuō)“部隊(duì)來(lái)征兵時(shí)(the army came knocking on his door轉(zhuǎn)義為部隊(duì)來(lái)征兵)”，說(shuō)明他想?yún)④?，感到參軍很光榮，所以就入伍了。 9.A. group B. business C. purpose D. result 【答案】C 【解析】A. group組；B. business商業(yè)；C. purpose目的；D. result結(jié)果。此處指多年的軍隊(duì)練習(xí)使他能實(shí)現(xiàn)更大的目的，保護(hù)人民。 10.A. serve B. hunt C. aim D. survive 【答案】A 【解析】A. serve服務(wù)；B. hunt打獵；C. aim 目的在于； D. survive生存。此處指他去前線服役，為國(guó)服務(wù)。 11.A. murder B. fight C. shoot D. recognize 【答案】C 【解析】A. murder謀殺；B. fight打仗；C. shoot射殺；D. recognize認(rèn)出。此處指：開(kāi)槍射殺一位女士。 12.A. remain B. fire C. make D. decide 【答案】C 【解析】A. remain保持；B. fire點(diǎn)燃；C. make it做成，成功；D. decide決定。此處指狙擊手想到這位女士是無(wú)辜的，所以就沒(méi)下手，沒(méi)做成。故選C. 13.A. besides B. along C. inside D. among 【答案】D 【解析】A. besides除……外；B. along沿著；C. inside在……內(nèi)；D. among在……中間。此處指這位女 士在孩子們中間。 14. A. use B. reason C. value D. sense 【答案】D 【解析】make sense 意為“有意義”、“意思清楚”、“有道理”。此處指“射殺那位女士對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)有任何 意義”。 15.A. gradually B. eventually C. deliberately D. desperately 【答案】B 【解析】A. gradually逐漸地；B. eventually 最后；C. deliberately故意地；D. desperately拼命地。此處指 最后他被判處180天監(jiān)禁。 16.A. managing B. failing C. hesitating D. forgetting 【答案】B 【解析】A. managing管理；B. failing失敗(fail to do sth.沒(méi)有能夠做某事)；C. hesitating猶豫；D. forgetting 忘記。此處講他被判處180天監(jiān)禁的原因是他沒(méi)有服從命令。 17.A. ideas B. attempts C. regrets D. feelings 【答案】C 18.A. however B. rather than C. but D. contrary to 【答案】C 【解析】A. however然而，B. rather than而不是；C. but 但是；D. contrary to和……相反。前句為我現(xiàn)在無(wú)家可歸，后句為我沒(méi)殺害無(wú)辜者。上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故but。however表示讓步關(guān)系。 19. A. considerable B. considerate C. innocent D. ignorant 【答案】C 【解析】A. considerable相當(dāng)大(或多)的；B. considerate體貼的，體諒的，深思熟慮的；C. innocent無(wú)辜的；D. ignorant無(wú)知的。這里是說(shuō)：我可以忍受無(wú)家可歸，但我不能忍受殺害無(wú)辜者。 20.A. happened B. seemed C. attached D. occurred 【答案】D 【解析】occur to sb.某人……突然想到。這里是說(shuō)：我從沒(méi)想到一個(gè)又老又臟的狙擊手竟然是個(gè)英雄。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．We must never lose the sight of the fact that man must live in harmony with nature. 答案：去掉第一個(gè)the 2．Basing your life on popular culture is like building a house on a constant moving foundation. 答案：constant→constantly 3．Whether a child can grow up healthily or not depends on the surrounding in which he lives. 答案：surrounding→surroundings 4．The instant when Wang Yaping, a female astronaut, turned up at the meeting, the crowd cheered. 答案：去掉when 5．Worrying about her daughter, the mother came to see her yesterday. 答案：Worrying →Worried 五、單元語(yǔ)法——過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ) 1．(2018山東重點(diǎn)中學(xué)一聯(lián)) (lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. 答案：Lost 2．(2018湖北重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)Although (warn) of the danger, the tourists can’t help taking photos near the cliff. 答案：warned 3．(2018安徽合肥質(zhì)檢) (amaze) at his final score, he decided to treat himself to a big dinner. 答案：Amazed 4． (pare) with conducting an interview by QQ online，a facetoface interview in person can provide people with more reliable details. 答案：pared 5． (face) with the increasing unemployment, many people went on strike in most of the European countries. 答案：Faced