五四語(yǔ)法十三 復(fù)合句 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)剖析 考點(diǎn)一 賓語(yǔ)從句 1．賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)。 ①主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。 I hear Li Lei will leave for America.我聽說李雷要去美國(guó)了。 ②主句是過去時(shí)，從句使用過去時(shí)的某種形式。 He said he was playing basketball this time yesterday.他說昨天這個(gè)時(shí)間他在打籃球。 ③從句表示的是客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象等，不管主句的時(shí)態(tài)是什么，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 Our teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.我們老師說地球圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 2．賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序。 從句一律用陳述語(yǔ)序，即“主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)”。 Do you know where Jane is from？你知道簡(jiǎn)來自哪里嗎？ 3．賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。 ①that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常可以省略，that在句中不作成分，只起連接作用。 I really believe (that) my best friend will help me out.我確信我最好的朋友會(huì)幫我解決困難。 ②what, when, where, how, whatever, whenever, wherever, who, whom, whose等特殊疑問詞作連接詞。 I dont know where I should go.我不知道應(yīng)該去哪里。 ③當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句由一般疑問句變化而來時(shí)，連接詞用whether或if，表“是否”。 Could you tell me if/wether it snows in winter here？你能告訴我這里冬天下雪嗎？ 單項(xiàng)選擇 1．(xx山東萊蕪中考)—You came back from Beijing yesterday. Could you tell me ？ —I went there by train. A．how you went there B．who you went with C．what you think of the trip D．if you enjoy the trip 2．(xx甘肅白銀中考)What lovely flowers! Could you please tell me ？ A．why did you get them B．where you got them C．when will you get them D．how will you get them 3．(xx河北中考)—Hi, Ken. Did Mrs. Zhang tell us ？ —Yes. She said we should meet there at nine. A．which was the way to the station B．why we should meet at the station C．when we should get to the station D．who we should meet at the station 考點(diǎn)二 狀語(yǔ)從句) 類型 從屬連詞 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 when, while, before，after, until, since, as soon as 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 if, unless, as long as 目的狀語(yǔ)從句 so that, in order that 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 though/although(不能與but連用)，even if, whatever, wherever, whenever 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 because, since, as 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 so that, so... that..., such... that... 比較狀語(yǔ)從句 than, as... as..., not as/so... as... 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 where, wherever Ill call you up as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就給你打電話。 Youll be kept out of the party unless you have an invitation.如果沒有請(qǐng)柬，您是無法參加這個(gè)聚會(huì)的。 The new pany gave away lots of ads in order that people can get to know it.這家新公司散發(fā)了大量廣告以便人們了解它。 The whole library was in silence, although there were nearly 500 people reading in it.盡管有將近500人在里面看書，整座圖書館卻寂靜無聲。 Yao Ming plays basketball so well that many Americans have bee his fans.姚明打籃球非常棒，以至于很多美國(guó)人也成了他的粉絲。 He can run as fast as Jim does.他能跑得和吉姆一樣快。 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。 ★若主句使用一般將來時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 The sports meeting will be put off if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將被推遲。 (一)單項(xiàng)選擇 1．(xx內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特中考) you must go and play football，at least wait until school is over. A．If B．Whether C．Unless D．So that 2．(xx四川眉山中考)—Learning to love is like learning to walk. —Yes, we step out bravely, well find its not so difficult. A．a(chǎn)s if B．even though C．a(chǎn)s long as D．a(chǎn)s far as 3．(xx甘肅蘭州中考)In summer, food will go bad quickly we put it into a fridge. A．if B．unless C．a(chǎn)s soon as D．while (二)單詞拼寫與運(yùn)用 (xx江蘇宿遷中考改編)The manager of the hotel was waiting at the gate the guests arrived. 考點(diǎn)三 定語(yǔ)從句 1．關(guān)系代詞的基本用法 　　功能 指代　　 作主語(yǔ) 作賓語(yǔ) 作定語(yǔ) 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 whose Do you know the girl who/that has won first prize in the singing petition？ 你認(rèn)識(shí)歌詠比賽中獲得一等獎(jiǎng)的女孩嗎？ Do you remember the days that we spent together？ 你記得我們一起度過的那些日子嗎？(that指時(shí)間，在從句中作spent的賓語(yǔ)) 2．關(guān)系副詞的基本用法 狀語(yǔ) 先行詞 關(guān)系副詞及相應(yīng)介詞結(jié)構(gòu) 時(shí)間 day, year, date, time when, during/in/... which 地點(diǎn) the place, the city, Beijing... where, in/from/... which 原因 the reason why, for which I wont forget the days when/during which you are away.我不會(huì)忘記你離開的那段日子。(when指時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)) Have you visited the factory where/in which your father worked？你參觀過你父親工作過的那個(gè)工廠嗎？(where指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)) I visited the museum that/which you told me in the letter.我參觀了你在信中告訴我的那個(gè)博物館。(that/which指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)) 單項(xiàng)選擇 1．(xx湖北隨州中考)—What are you looking for? —Im looking for the dictionary you lent me last week. A．who B．what C．that D．when 2．(xx吉林長(zhǎng)春中考)Jack likes being with the classmates are outgoing and kind. A．where B．which C．when D．who 3．(xx四川達(dá)州中考)—Have you watched the TV play “In the Name of People(《人民的名義》)”？ —It s the most popular play our Partys trying to struggle against corruption(反對(duì)腐敗)． A．where show B．which show C．that shows D．who shows 參考答案 考點(diǎn)一 1～3 ABC 考點(diǎn)二 (一)1～3 ACB (二)when 考點(diǎn)三 1～3 CDC